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Biomedical subjects

J Mateu

Publications and source records attributed to J Mateu.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Estimating respiratory pattern variability by symbolic dynamics.

OBJECTIVES: The traditional techniques of data analysis are often not sufficient to characterize the complex dynamics of respiration. In this study the respiratory pattern variability was analyzed using symbolic dynamics. METHODS: A group of 20 patients on weaning trials from mechanical ventilation were studied at two different pressure support ventilation levels. Breath duration (T(TOT)) time series and the relation T(I)/T(TOT), that contains the influence of inspiratory time (T(I)), were considered. Length-3 words and 3 different symbols were proposed. The incidence of the overlapping tau and the parameter alpha were analyzed. RESULTS: From the breath duration time series, the distribution of words with probability of occurrence higher than 6% was concentrated on one word for low respiratory variability, whereas high variability was characterized by 4 words, presenting a statistically significant difference (p </= 0.0005). The probability occurrence of words "110" and "111" was also significantly different (p</= 0.0005) when comparing both variabilities. CONCLUSION: The analysis carried out obtained discriminant functions able to correctly classify all the testing set series. These results permit the consideration of symbolic dynamics as a promising methodology to study the respiratory pattern variability.

Data Interpretation, Statistical↗
PubMed2003

Thoracic epidural analgesia in coronary artery bypass graft surgery: seven years' experience.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk of neurologic complications caused by an epidural hematoma in a series of patients who had coronary artery bypass graft surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass under combined general and thoracic epidural anesthesia (TEA). DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: General hospital associated with a university. PARTICIPANTS: Seven hundred fourteen patients who had coronary artery bypass grafting surgery over a 7-year period. INTERVENTIONS: An epidural catheter was inserted at T(1)-T(3) as soon as the patient was in the operating room and local anesthetic was administered as a bolus and then as a continuous infusion throughout the operation and postoperatively. A set of safety guidelines was routinely followed. A protocol for postoperative neurologic evaluation was used to rule out any signs of spinal compression. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Preoperatively, a battery of coagulation tests was systematically performed including APTT, platelet count, and prothrombin time. Antiplatelet drugs (aspirin) were stopped at least 7 days before surgery. No patient required parenteral opiates postoperatively. Seventy-five percent of the patients were extubated in the operating room. No clinical epidural hematomas were detected. CONCLUSION: In this study, some of the benefits previously reported during cardiac surgery under TEA, such as excellent analgesia and early extubation, were confirmed. In addition, the series adds further evidence that adherence to a set of standard safety measures, in this setting, averts the occurrence of symptomatic epidural hematomas.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Toxicity to topical dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) when used as an extravasation antidote.

DMSO is a dipolar, aprotic, hygroscopic solvent for which a large number of pharmacologic properties have been claimed. Topical DMSO is considered an effective and safe antidote to be used with topical cooling after extravasations of vesicant drugs. A case of toxicity after its use as an antidote is described. Furthermore, the increasing importance of DMSO pharmacology, as its use in haematologic patients is spreading, is reviewed.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1999

Monitoring of antimicrobial therapy by an integrated computer program.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of the setting-up of a computer program designed by the Hospital Pharmacy Department as a tool that provides information for the antimicrobial therapy monitoring. To assess its influence on pharmaceutical costs. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The computer application for the follow-up of antimicrobial treatments integrates information from the Pharmacy Department and the Microbiology Laboratory and selects all patients to whom some controlled antibiotic has been prescribed. The pharmacist reviews all the controlled antibiotic treatments, suggests any change to the physician if needed and quantifies the economic impact of the accepted interventions. RESULTS: On average, 12.5% of controlled antibiotic treatments warranted a pharmaceutical intervention, and 92% of them were accepted. The most frequent interventions related to prescriptions were change of dosage and administration route and related to the disease were in respiratory and urinary tract infections. From the economic point of view, the accepted interventions represented a saving of 12,087,029 pesetas (83,359 $)/year, on average. CONCLUSION: The applied computer program resulted a useful tool for a clinical pharmacist to reach more correct antibiotical therapeutics and better cost-effectiveness relation. It also helped to achieve favorable clinical outcomes.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1999

[Ornidazole in the treatment of liver dysfunction associated to long-term parenteral nutrition].

AIM: to reduction the TPN-related hepatic toxicity with an anaerobicidal therapy (ornidazole in our case). PATIENT: a 24-year-old male surgically treated for intestinal occlusion. He had been treated with abdominal radiotherapy for rabdomyosarcoma of embryonic urogenital sinus when he was five months old. It was found a great abdominal radiotherapy sequelae and occluded and perforated small-bowel loop that was resected. Postoperative time developed pelvic abscess and reoperation was performed. Severe intraabdominal inflammatory-adhesive process was noticed which included all the intestinal loops with multiple perforations. Attempts to release this situation was unsuccessful and several anastomoses, with some loop exclusions and a diverting loop jejunostomy were performed. In postoperative period he developed an enterocutaneous fistula and TPN was initiated. Higher and higher hepatic marker values were detected suggesting a progressive hepatotoxicity. METHODS: anaerobicidal agent (ornidazole) and cyclic total parenteral nutrition as a therapy design were prescribed. RESULTS: there were satisfactory showing a reduction in hepatic marker values (72.5% fall in alanine aminotransferase). CONCLUSIONS: bearing in mind that some theories suggest that total parenteral nutrition may cause atrophic changes in the gut mucosa so giving rise to bacterial translocation, this anaerobicidal treatment designed could be assumed effective for attenuating TPN-related liver damage.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Treatment of extravasation from parenteral nutrition solution.

OBJECTIVE: To report two cases of parenteral nutrition extravasation and their treatment in adult patients. CASE SUMMARIES: Case 1: A 23-year old white woman was admitted to our hospital diagnosed with a gastrointestinal infection by Salmonella paratyphi sv. B. The treatment included peripheral parenteral nutrition (osmolarity 652 mOsm/L). After 4 days an extravasation of parenteral nutrition was detected in the left antecubital fossa. The affected area soon became inflamed. Chondroitinsulfatase 150 turbidity-reducing units (TRUs), diluted in 3 mL of NaCl 0.9% and administered in six subcutaneous applications around the area, was prescribed. The treatment was successful. The patient was discharged several days later with no sequelae of the extravasation. Case 2: A 33-year-old white woman was admitted to the intensive care unit after surgery for a necrohemorrhagic pancreatitis. The treatment included parenteral nutrition via a central catheter (osmolarity 2130 mOsm/L). Two days later the patient presented a parenteral nutrition subcutaneous extravasation in her left hemithorax around the catheter access site. Chondroitinsulfatase 200 TRUs, diluted in 2 mL of NaCl 0.9% and administered in eight subcutaneous applications around the area, was prescribed. No sequelae of the incident remained. The patient was discharged home 2 months later. DISCUSSION: Parenteral nutrition solution can cause tissue harm after extravasation. Both patients presented an intense inflammatory reaction after the accident. Three treatments have been used in extravasation of parenteral nutrition, but in our patients hyaluronidase was the only applicable treatment. As this enzyme is not commercially available in Spain, chondroitinsulfatase, an enzyme very similar to hyaluronidase, was used. CONCLUSIONS: Chondroitinsulfatase was useful in treating extravasation of parenteral nutrition in two adult patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Methods of Assessing and Achieving Normality Applied to Environmental Data

/ It has been recognized for a long time that data transformation methods capable of achieving normality of distributions could have a crucial role in statistical analysis, especially towards an efficient application of techniques such as analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis. Normality is a basic assumption in many of the statistical methods used in the environmental sciences and is very often neglected. In this paper several techniques to test normality of distributions are proposed and analyzed. Confidence intervals and nonparametric tests are used and discussed. Basic and Box-Cox transformations are the suggested methods to achieve normal variables. Finally, we develop an application related to environmental data with atmospheric parameters and SO2 and particle concentrations. Results show that the analyzed transformations work well and are very useful to achieve normal distributions.KEY WORDS: Normal distribution; Kurtosis; Skewness; Confidence intervals; Box-Cox transformations; Nonparametric tests

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

Treatment of extravasation of both doxorubicin and vincristine administration in a Y-site infusion.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a patient treated with vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone who experienced extravasation of both doxorubicin and vincristine during a Y-site infusion. CASE SUMMARY: A 74-year-old white woman was diagnosed with multiple myeloma IgA kappa in stage IIA. One year after a complete remission she relapsed. Her treatment included daily doxorubicin 16 mg in 500 mL of dextrose 5% and vincristine 0.4 mg in 500 mL of dextrose 5% administered in a Y-site continuous infusion into a peripheral vein of her left forearm. Extravasation occurred during administration of these drugs. Immediately, chondroitinsulfatase, a mucopolysaccharidase similar to hyaluronidase, was administered subcutaneously around the extravasation area and repeated 24 hours later. Furthermore, dimethyl sulfoxide 90% v/v was applied topically on the area four times daily for 2 weeks. All inflammatory signs resolved and no necrosis developed. DISCUSSION: Ths is the first report of an extravasation of two cytotoxic drugs. Doxorubicin and vincristine have different antidotes and opposite physical treatments for their extravasation. The antidotes dimethyl sulfoxide and chondroitinsulfatase have different mechanisms of action, but both cause uptake of the cytotoxic agent from the tissue and are likely to be administered together. No warming or cooling was performed. CONCLUSIONS: Topical dimethyl sulfoxide four times daily for 14 days plus subcutaneous chondroitinsulfatase in one or two applications effectively treated an extravasation of both doxorubicin and vincristine in our patient.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1994

Ifosfamide extravasation.

OBJECTIVE: To report a case in which a local reaction is attributed to an ifosfamide extravasation. Previously, extravasated ifosfamide has been considered a nonirritant. CASE SUMMARY: A 54-year-old woman with a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in stage IV B developed a local reaction in her right arm after an ifosfamide extravasation. No pressure was prescribed, no bandaging was applied on the affected area, and the limb was elevated to the heart level. In addition, chondroitinsulfatase 150 turbidity-reducing units was administered subcutaneously around the area. This procedure was repeated 12 hours later, resulting in a satisfactory decrease in the inflammatory signs and pain. DISCUSSION: The local reaction in the patient's arm cannot be attributed to the hypertonicity of the infusing solution or to the vehicle of the infusate. The antidote used was chondroitinsulfatase, an enzyme similar to hyaluronidase. It enhances the systemic uptake of the drug from the tissue. CONCLUSIONS: Extravasated ifosfamide is a potential irritant. General measures applied after its extravasation can be potentiated strongly by local subcutaneous administration of chondroitinsulfatase or hyaluronidase, repeated if necessary.

Chondroitinsulfatases↗
PubMed1994

[Notes apropos of cartilage grafts in secondary rhinoplasties according to Sheen's technique. Apropos of an analysis of 67 cases].

Between 1989 and 1992, eighty-one rhinoplasties included the addition of free autologous cartilage grafts, sixty-seven of which were secondary procedures. The aesthetic and respiratory results were assessed with at least one year of follow-up post-op for fifty four cases representing the true material of the study. This paper illustrates the advantages of septal cartilage graft versus conchal grafts, particularly for restitution of the dorsum of the nose. No "open rhinoplasty" procedure was necessary in this series. The authors conclude that "Sheen's" procedure using multiple isolated pockets in such cases is reliable if its basic rules are strictly applied and if one accepts that septal cartilage grafts must be preferred as far as possible.

Cartilage↗
PubMed1992

[Histological typing of the breast by multifocal biopsies].

The current concept of high risk mastopathy was revolutionised by the work of Dupont and Page (1985), who demonstrated the importance of proliferative mastopathies in the assessment of the risk, particularly when they are associated with epidemiological factors. Based on these data, the Montpellier breast pathology study and research group (GERPAMM) developed on original method designed to define the precise histological profile of women considered to be at risk of breast cancer, despite the absence of any focal mammographic signs. This typing, consisting of a rigorous surgical protocol strictly complying with Page's histological definitions, was performed in women presenting a certain risk defined by clinical, cytological and radiological criteria (density and disseminated microcalcifications). This paper presents a preliminary review of 6 years' experience in 162 cases. The preliminary results confirm than many cases of atypical hyperplasia are not associated with a focal mammographic abnormality. However, in the absence of focal signs, certain types of disseminated microcalcifications with a morphological appearance suggestive of an intraductal origin, are significantly associated with high-risk histological signs. Histological typing is therefore useful to predict the cancer risk, to dedramatise cases without significant hyperplasia and to propose an adapted and justified approach to cases with a high histological risk.

Adult↗