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Biomedical subjects

J Marx

Publications and source records attributed to J Marx.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Efficacy and tolerability of morniflumate in acute otitis in infants: results of a randomized study versus placebos].

In a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled, parallel group study, 79 infants with acute otitis media received treatment with suppositories containing either Nifluril (400 mg daily, morniflumate) or placebo for five days. Both groups of patients also received amoxicilline (50 mg/kg daily) for eight days. The combination of Nifluril with antibiotic therapy gave significantly greater relief from abnormalities of the tympanic membrane (after two days treatment), inflammation of the throat and nasal congestion than did antibiotic therapy alone. Overall clinical assessment confirmed a significantly greater recover rate in the Nifluril group compared with the placebo group. Very few side effects were recorded, limited to diarrhoea, without any drug interruption. Nifluril may be recommended as an effective safe adjuvant to the antibiotic treatment of acute otitis media in infants.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Alcohol and trauma.

Countermeasures to alcohol-related trauma are essential. The public perception that there is low risk of detection and punishment for alcohol-precipitated violence is being addressed. Current legislation is aimed at decreasing the availability of alcohol (e.g., adjusting legal drinking age, decreasing the serum alcohol intoxication limit, restricting the sale of alcoholic beverages at public events), increasing detection (e.g., greater driver surveillance, increased number of dedicated personnel), strengthening legal penalties for alcohol-related offenses, and mandating rehabilitative therapy. Physicians can intervene in the alcohol-trauma cycle. Unfortunately, they are notably poor in detecting the patient with alcohol-related injury. Moreover, physicians infrequently refer these patients to facilities and personnel that are expert in alcohol detoxification and rehabilitation. Recidivism can be positively impacted by physicians who are sensitive to and versed in the medical and social patterns of alcohol abuse.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1987

Analytical techniques for boron and boron 10 analysis in a solid experimental tumor EO. 771.

If a tumor can be preferentially loaded with a suitable boron-10 compound and irradiated with thermal neutrons, malignant cells can be selectively destroyed via the alpha-particle + Li 7-nucleus from the reaction 10B(n, alpha)7Li. Neutron capture therapy with two boron-10 amino acid analogs of low toxicity has been tested in recent years: (a) trimethylamine-carboxyborane, (A3) and (b) amine-carboxyborane, (A7). Now the boron-10 glycineamide analog (A8), amineboryl-carboxamide has been synthesized; it contains 13.81% boron (90% Boron 10 + 10% Boron 11) and shows a very low toxicity in mice. The effects of this compound were tested on the syngeneic solid adenocarcinoma EO 771 on the right hind leg of male C57 BL/6J mice under standard conditions, by measuring tumor volume growth delay and cell cycle changes using flow cytometry. Boron distribution between tumor and muscle was analyzed by emission spectroscopy with inductively coupled plasma (ICP) following injection of a suspension of peanut oil emulsion. In addition, boron-10 concentration in the tumor were analyzed with prompt gamma-activation analysis and neutron capture radiography (Kodak-Pathé LR 115) at the MRR reactor in Brookhaven after i.p. injection of 0.4 mg/g A8. Application of A8 alone (0.4 mg/g i.p.) or thermal neutron irradiation of the tumor EO. 771 produced a tumor growth delay of 1-2 days for tumor volume doubling. Application of the boron 10 glycine-amide analog A8 i.p. plus 5 X 10(12)n/cm2 resulted in a growth delay of 3-6 days. In contrast intratumoral application of A8 plus 4 X 10(12)n/cm2 neutrons gave a growth delay of 7-14 days; the fraction of (G2 + M) cells rose from 35% (neutrons alone) to 52%, as evaluated from flow cytometry.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Prevention of stress-induced damage in experimental animals and livestock by monomagnesium-L-aspartate hydrochloride.

Monomagnesium-L-aspartate hydrochloride (Mg-Asp. HCl) is readily absorbed from the intestine of rats because this process is not saturable. Depending upon the dose administered, Mg-Asp. HCl exhibits Ca-antagonistic effects and inhibits the release of stress hormones. Higher concentrations of Mg salts, which do not contain chloride, e.g. MgO, tend to induce hypochloremic, metabolic alkalosis and changes of urinary pH, whereas MgCl2 produces hyperchloremic acidosis under these conditions. Evidence is given that oral supplementation with Mg-Asp. HCl has beneficial effects not only in experimental animals or livestock, but also in man, e.g. on exposure to muscular stress.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1986

Characterization and conformational analysis by Raman spectroscopy of human airway lysozyme.

Human airway lysozyme, purified from pathological bronchial secretions, is characterized by a specific activity 3-fold higher than that of hen egg-white lysozyme. The amino acid composition of human airway lysozyme is identical to that of other human lysozymes. The laser Raman spectra of human airway lysozyme and hen egg-white lysozyme in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.2) are recorded in the range 300-1900 cm-1 at 488 nm. Drastic intensity differences are observed between the spectra analyzed in the ranges characteristic of the peptide backbone (e.g., beta-sheet; C alpha-C, C alpha-N), and of the aromatic side-chain vibrations (tyrosine, tryptophan). The deconvolution of the Raman amide I band gives secondary structures of 38% and 39% alpha-helix, 25% and 20% beta-sheet, and 37% and 41% undefined structure for the human and hen lysozymes, respectively.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1984

Acute and temporary inhibition of thymidine kinase in mouse bone marrow cells after low-dose exposure.

Low-dose whole-body exposure of mice to less than 0.01 Gy gamma-rays causes inhibition of incorporation of thymidine or 5-iodo-2-deoxyuridine into DNA of bone-marrow cells in vitro; the effect is maximal in cells at 4 hours after exposure and then subsides within about 10 hours. This is due to the inhibition of cellular thymidine kinase, which gradually develops to a maximum at 4 hours after exposure and again subsides within the next 10 hours. This inhibition involves only 35 per cent of the entire cellular enzyme activity and, analogous to the depression of thymidine incorporation into the cells, is only seen when the cells are collected into medium that is buffered to 7.2-7.4 and contains about 1350 mg NaHCO3 per litre. Addition of NaHCO3 to the cell homogenate or to the high speed supernatant containing the enzyme, but not to intact cells, failed to produce enzyme inhibition. There is also no depression of 5-iodo-2-deoxyuridine uptake into the intact cells in vitro when the mice are irradiated either shortly before or after i.v. injection of 0.02 mg of procain chloride. The reversibility of the effect in vivo and in vitro suggests a particular enzyme control mechanism that may be non-specifically triggered by intracellular charges, such as peroxides, and may enhance repair.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Orientation of fibrin in strong magnetic fields.

Magnetic field orientation can be considered as a new valuable technique for the study of fibrin. Birefringence measurements during polymerization in the magnetic field enables a new approach to study the mode of association of fibrin monomers. Stable fully oriented clots can be obtained for investigation of the three-dimensional and the secondary structures of the fibrin fiber. Such experiments could be useful to assess the structure of other biopolymers diamagnetically anisotropic.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Fluorometholon/tetryzoline in the treatment of conjunctival irritation].

The clinical efficacy of Efemoline eyedrops [fluourometholone (0.1%) + tetryzoline (0.25%)] and of fluorometholone 0.1% was investigated in a double-blind controlled clinical trial in 35 patients (63 eyes) in treatment of the upper bulbus area and postoperatively after surgery for cataract, glaucoma and strabismus. Both drugs were effective inflammation inhibitors. The superiority of fluorometholone + tetryzoline over fluorometholone was evident: subjective symptoms improved much more quickly. No tendency toward elevation of intraocular pressure was found. The combined preparation was compatible and produced no side-effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Determination of half-dose depth in skin for soft x-rays.

Unlike superficial x-rays, the soft x-rays normally used in dermatologic practice spare unaffected underlying organs during treatment of cutaneous malignancies. However, since the dose with depth from soft x-rays varies markedly, it is important to know this relationship for optimal therapeutic results. The peak kilovoltage, and thus the energy of the beam, is generally selected so that the dose to the base of the lesion is one-half the surface dose. An absorbed dose of 3,400 rads to the surface and a dose of about one-half this amount to the base of most malignant lesions is one standard protocol for optimal therapeutic results. An accurate value of half-depth dose in skin is therefore necessary and is readily obtained from ordinary half-value layer measurements using the technic described.

Aluminum↗