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Biomedical subjects

J Margolis

Publications and source records attributed to J Margolis.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Rapid and automated characterisation of seed genotype using Micrograd electrophoresis and pattern-matching software.

New precast microgels are described for use in quickly identifying seed of cereal varieties by determining protein composition within an hour. For example, gliadin proteins are extracted from crushed wheat grain, wheatmeal or flour with ethylene glycol (centrifugation not necessary) and 5 microliters extract is applied to a Micrograd gel (3-15% gel gradient) for ten minutes' electrophoresis at 300 volts in sodium lactate buffer (pH 3.1). Alternatively, precast gels are available for SDS gel electrophoresis for examining a different aspect of grain composition as a means of identification. To further expedite identification, software packages have been developed to match the protein pattern for an unknown sample against those of authentic samples, thus to provide quick and definite identity, based on electrophoretic banding, densitometer scan, HPLC profile, multiple antibody reaction or RFLP pattern (PatMatch program). Furthermore, the program WhatWheat offers advice on the best combination of methods to use for a specific task of identification.

Automation↗
PubMed1992

Rapid (ten-minute) pore-gradient electrophoresis of proteins and peptides in Micrograd gels.

Precast gradient gels of short migration length (25 mm) have been developed to provide rapid electrophoretic separation without loss of resolution. These Micrograd gels have been prepared in gel ranges (conventional and unique) to match pore-gradient electrophoresis conditions to proteins/peptides ranging in size from several hundreds to millions. The Hylinx Micrograd gel combines an extreme gel range (6 to 48% polyacrylamide) with a novel crosslinker to provide sieving of polypeptides, and pore-limit electrophoresis of the smallest proteins (e.g. insulin monomer). All gel ranges (such as 3 to 30%) provide zone sharpening in routine analysis of conventional protein mixtures (e.g. serum) within 10 min electrophoresis at 200 to 300 volts. The gels are thin (1 mm) and thus stain quickly, but the gel cassette is of conventional overall width (83 mm), thus fitting many apparatus designs and accommodating 12 samples. The gels are finding valuable use in screening applications, requiring the electrophoretic analysis of many samples, and in cases where a rapid answer is needed, such as monitoring protein purification. The gels have proved particularly useful, in-house, for the latter application in developing Gradipore's new large-scale preparative electrophoresis system, the Gradiflow.

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel↗
PubMed1987

Prolonged beneficial effects of dobutamine in refractory heart failure--case histories.

Two patients with refractory congestive heart failure were treated with dobutamine for forty-eight to seventy-two hours with close monitoring of weight and symptomatology. After two to four cycles of dobutamine treatment, 1 patient showed sustained hemodynamic benefit after six months, whereas the second patient had partial improvement. At the end of a one-year follow-up, both had sustained improvement in effort tolerance, documented by a stress test. The quality of life has markedly improved, and they have not required further hospital care.

Dobutamine↗
PubMed1987

Freeze-dried activated substrate for factor VIII assays.

Factor VIII-deficient plasma (natural or artificial) mixed with kaolin and phospholipid can be lyophilized to provide ready-to-use substrate which is stable for months at 4 degrees C and usable after many weeks at room temperature. Factor VIII assays are much simplified and more reproducible using this reagent and can be quantified with the aid of a programmable calculator according to the equation (formula; see text) as % of standard and X, S and B are clotting times of test, standard and blank samples respectively. The slope of the log/log function (k) is approximately--6.5.

Blood Coagulation Tests↗
PubMed1987

The telephone management of gastroenteritis by family medicine residents.

In order to describe the telephone management of gastroenteritis by family practice residents, audiotapes and transcripts of telephone calls by 31 family practice residents were analysed with respect to clinical content, temporal patterns, and physicians' utterance form. The study hypothesis were that year 3 residents would have shorter calls, take more complete histories, and score better on other performance measures than year 1 residents, but no significant differences were demonstrated in the study. The mean duration of telephone calls was 4.6 minutes. Residents talked three times longer than the caller. History taking completeness was highly correlated with telephone call duration and particularly with time spent talking by the caller. Significant questions, such as asking about hydration status, were frequently omitted. Most questions were closed (84 percent). Time spent talking by the caller was longer, and more listener feedback was given, with year 1 than with year 3 residents.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1986

Preparation of stable lyophilized cryoprecipitate in the original frozen plasma bags.

A procedure for preparing single units of freeze-dried cryoprecipitate (cryo) in the original bags is described in detail. Batches of frozen plasma bags were rapidly thawed by rocking in a water bath, centrifuged and after complete removal of supernate the compact cryo pellets (2-5 g) were lyophilized with the aid of a holding tray with a filtered air chamber designed for this purpose. Adding synthetic amino acids has greatly improved stability of the dried concentrate during storage and has increased its resistance to heat denaturation (e.g. less than 10% loss of potency after 20 h at 70 degrees C). The method is presented as a viable option for safe and economical manufacture of a stable factor VIII concentrate.

Blood Preservation↗
PubMed1985

Human placental alkaline phosphatase in liver and intestine.

Three distinct forms of human alkaline phosphatase, presumably isozymes, are known, each apparently associated with a specific tissue. These are placental, intestinal, and liver (kidney and bone). We have used a specific immunoassay and HPLC to show that placental alkaline phosphatase is also present in extracts of liver and intestine in appreciable amounts.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1984

A process for preparation of 'high-purity' factor VIII by controlled pore glass treatment.

A simple process for large-scale manufacture of 'high-purity' factor VIII is described in detail. A crude concentrate prepared from washed cryo is treated with controlled pore glass (CPG, 500 A pore diameter) in proportion of 20-30 ml of CPG to 1 g input of protein. The slurry is poured into a separation column and the effluent purified concentrate collected. The remaining factor VIII in the void volume is displaced by a wash solution. After passage through a 0.2 micron membrane filter the product is dispensed and lyophilized. Maintaining the operating pH at 6.5-6.7 and adding synthetic amino acids improved the yield and solubility. The current concentrate contains 1 unit of factor VIII per mg protein (10 units mg fibrinogen) with a recovery of 250 units/kg plasma. The CPG stage is non-destructive, yielding more than 90% of the input factor VIII. In 1980-1983, more than 3 X 10(6) units have been used in New South Wales, mostly for massive cover in surgical patients. In collaboration with the Commonwealth Serum Laboratories, it is intended to expand production for use in other Australian States.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1979

omega-Oxidation of fatty acids and the acetylation p-aminobenzoic acid.

p-Aminobenzoic acid was fed to normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats injected with [omega-14C]labeled and [2-14C]labeled fatty acids. The p-acetamidobenzoic acid that was excreted was hydrolyzed to yield acetate which was degraded. The distribution of 14C in the acetates formed when an [omega-14C]labeled fatty acid was injected was similar to that when a [2-14C]labeled fatty acid was injected. This contrasts with the finding that in acetates from 2-acetamido-4-phenylbutyric acid excreted when 2-amino-4-phenylbutyric acid was fed, there was a difference in the distributions of 14C, a difference attributable to omega-oxidation of the fatty acid. Acetylation of p-aminobenzoic acid is then concluded to occur in a different cellular environment than that of 2-amino-4-phenylbutyric acid, one in which omega-oxidation is not functional. When 2-amino-4-phenylbutyric acid was fed and [6-14C]palmitic acid injected, rather than [16-14C]palmitic acid, the distribution of 14C in acetate was the same as when [2-14C]palmitic acid was injected. This indicates that the dicarboxylic acid formed on omega-oxidation of palmitic acid does not undergo beta-oxidation to form succinyl-CoA. Thus, glucose is not formed via omega-oxidation of long-chain fatty acid.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1979

Preparation of stable intermediate-purity factor VIII concentrate with a note on high-purity factor VIII.

Cryoprecipitate prepared by a rapid thawing technique was pooled in batches of 600--720 donor units and washed with ice-cold Tris-citrate-NaCl solution. After dissolving at 37 degrees C, it was adsorbed with Al(OH)3 and kaolin, and cleared by centrifugation. The supernatant, diluted with 5% dextrose was passed repeatedly through a bed of Celite, filtered through a 293 mm X 0.3 micrometer membrane disc and lyophilized. Typical composition was 15 U . ml-1 factor VII, and 40 mg . ml-1 protein with a yield of 300 U/l of starting plasma. The crude factor VIII concentrate was also a suitable material for preparation of high-purity factor VIII by controlled pore glass chromatography.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1979

An improved procedure for accurate assays of factor VIII.

An improved one-stage method for accurate assays of factor VIII combines highly reproducible end points with elimination of temporal drift and of subjective factors involved in graphic analysis. Activated deficient plasma substrate (ADPS) is used as a single reagent for parallel tests. The assays can be performed manually or, with much greater precision, on an 8-channel coagulation meter of new design in which end points are recorded automatically and depend on an abrupt clearing of agitated cloudy suspensions. The coagulation time readings are reproducible to 0.5%. Factor VIII levels are read off a standard table or computed from a general equation which is readily programmable on a pocket calculator and is valid over a wide range of concentrations, including very low plasma levels.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMed1979

Red cell stroma, a stable standard for assessment of platelet procoagulant release.

Platelet function in vitro may be investigated in various ways. One of the accepted methods involves examination of platelet procoagulant release. Optimal conditions relating to maximal release have not been defined. Red cell stroma phospholipid can substitute for the platelet procoagulant in many in vitro tests (Quick et al., 1954, 1957; Margolis, 1961; Lovric & Margolis, 1964). Using a multiple channel coagulation meter, an assay system was developed for testing both red cell stroma and platelet procoagulants. Maximum procoagulant release was obtained by lysing in alkaline hypotonic solutions or by sonication. The system was tested in a one-stage kaolin-activated platelet-free plasma substrate, obtained from fresh pooled citrated plasma. With this method the amount of available procoagulant could be related to the numbers of red blood cells or platelets. The results indicated that one platelet provided procoagulant equivalent to that derived from 0.7 red cells. Procoagulant release was studied under various conditions and expressed in terms of stable (red cell) standard. Platelets subjected to hypotonic stress or factor 3 release (Hardisty test) were studied quantitatively. The addition of sulphinpyrazone (Anturan) had no observable effect on platelet release in this system.

Blood Coagulation↗