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Biomedical subjects

J Marco

Publications and source records attributed to J Marco.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Inhibitory effect of galanin on pancreatic polypeptide release by the perfused rat pancreas.

We have investigated the effect of galanin infusion on unstimulated pancreatic polypeptide (PP) release as well as on the PP response to arginine by the perfused rat pancreas. Galanin significantly reduced unstimulated PP output. Addition of arginine to the perfusate evoked a biphasic pattern of PP release; the second phase of this PP response was delayed when galanin was simultaneously infused. These findings point to a regulatory role of galanin in the control of PP secretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Emergency percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty without thrombolysis as initial therapy in acute myocardial infarction.

Thrombolytic treatment in acute myocardial infarction does not influence the atheromatous coronary lesions which form the basis of thrombosis. The remaining stenosis may be responsible for recurrent ischemic symptoms or reinfarction. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty without thrombolysis was attempted in 19 anterior and 24 inferior wall acute infarctions, within the first 4 hours from the onset of symptoms. The aim was to achieve optimal myocardial revascularization and prevent reocclusion of the infarct-related vessel. Significant stenosis or complete occlusion was found in only one major coronary artery in 25 patients, in two arteries in 7 patients and in three in 11 patients. Angioplasty was only applied to the vessel supplying the infarcted muscle. Recanalization was achieved from 14 to 50 minutes (mean 23) from the start of catheterization in 95% (41/43 cases). Two of the patients died in cardiogenic shock. Four patients died between days 5 to 15 of hospitalization. There were no other deaths. Thirty (81%) of the 37 survivors remained asymptomatic, 3 required bypass surgery for recurrent angina. Follow-up hemodynamic studies were done on average 2.5 months after angioplasty, and showed that, in 78%, the dilated coronary artery remained patent. Restenosis was found in five patients, and was successfully dealt with using angioplasty in three cases. In those patients with improved segmental wall motion, the global left ventricular function also increased. This applied to both anterior and inferior infarcts. Our results suggest that immediate coronary angioplasty in acute impending myocardial infarction is effective and avoids the need for prior thrombolytic therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effects of galanin on hormone secretion from the in situ perfused rat pancreas and on glucose production in rat hepatocytes in vitro.

UNLABELLED: Galanin is a novel peptide, widely distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous system, including nerve endings surrounding the pancreatic islets. In dogs, galanin infusion has been reported to induce hyperglycemia along with a reduction of circulating insulin. In this work, we have studied the effect of galanin (a 200 ng bolus followed by constant infusion at a concentration of 16.8 ng/ml for 22-24 min) on insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin secretion in the perfused rat pancreas. In addition, we have investigated the effect of galanin (10 and 100 nM) on glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in isolated rat hepatocytes. In the rat pancreas, galanin infusion marked inhibited unstimulated insulin release as well as the insulin responses to glucose (11 mM), tolbutamide (100 mg/liter) and arginine (5 mM). Galanin failed to alter the glucagon and somatostatin responses to glucose, tolbutamide, and arginine. In isolated rat hepatocytes, galanin did not influence glycogenolysis or glucagon phosphorylase a activity. Gluconeogenesis and the hepatocyte concentration of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate were also unaffected by galanin. IN CONCLUSION: in the perfused rat pancreas, galanin inhibited insulin secretion without modifying glucagon and somatostatin output, thus pointing to a direct effect of galanin on the B cell; and in rat hepatocytes, galanin did not affect glycogenolysis or gluconeogenesis; hence, the reported hyperglycemia induced by exogenous galanin does not seem to be accounted for by a direct effect of this peptide on hepatic glucose production.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Haemodynamic and antiischaemic protective effects of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation in high risk coronary heart patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.

Sixteen critically ill atherosclerotic cardiac patients required intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP) for uncontrollable chest pain, hypotension or shock in connection with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). 1.75 coronary artery angioplasty/patient were attempted. An angiographic and an immediate clinical success was achieved in 27 out of 28 attempts (96% primary success rate). All patients received heparin and antiplatelet agents. After PTCA, haemodynamic stabilization was achieved and IABP support was stopped in 14 to 96 hours. The percutaneous therapeutic procedures were well tolerated. Three patients died: one of cerebrovascular accident not related to cardiovascular problems, two other patients died suddenly 1 and 3 months later. Two patients required coronary bypass surgery, one a repeated angioplasty on a reoccluded left anterior descending saphenous vein bypass. 12 of the 13 survivors are asymptomatic after a 15-months follow-up period. IABP is a useful adjunct to PTCA in patients with severely damaged coronary circulation and compromised haemodynamics.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Intraaortic balloon counterpulsation and coronary angioplasty in high risk coronary heart patients.

Fifteen patients with severely damaged coronary circulation required temporary intraaortic balloon counterpulsation for pharmacologically uncontrollable chest pain and poor haemodynamic state (hypotension or shock) in connection with the transluminal coronary angioplasty procedure. Twenty-five angioplasties were attempted (1.75 artery stem/patient) with a primary success rate of 96%. Emergency surgery was performed only once (6.6%) and no death occurred after the percutaneous therapeutic procedures. One patient died due to a cerebrovascular accident, two other patients suffered sudden death 1 and 3 months later. Two patients finally required coronary bypass surgery, and one patient a repeated angioplasty. In the follow-up period (mean = 11 months), two patients presented moderate symptoms of stable angina pectoris, and 10 patients (83%) remained in satisfactory condition. Temporary diastolic counterpulsation provided in patients with pharmacologically refractory myocardial ischaemia and hypotension or shock an important protection for performing transluminal angioplasty in a good condition, with improved remaining coronary circulation and haemodynamic state, assuring a favourable hospital survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty without thrombolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction.

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was performed in 42 patients (37 males, 5 females, average age 53 years). Recanalization of the stenosed or occluded infarction-related coronary artery was achieved within the first 14 to 50 min from the start of catheterization in 95% of cases. Three patients were transferred for emergency coronary bypass graft surgery (CABG) because of major multiple coronary lesions, immediately after angiographically successful PTCA. One of the patients died in cardiogenic shock. Four patients died between days 5 to 15 of hospitalization. Repeat coronary angiography was done in 27 of the 37 survivors at a mean interval of 2.5 months after AMI. Total reocclusion was found in 6 patients. The recanalized coronary artery had prevented its patency in 78% of the cases; restenosis was found in 5 patients, and was successfully dealt with renewed angioplasty in 3 patients. While the ejection fraction (EF) had remained largely unchanged, there was some improving tendency of left ventricular segmental kinetics, particularly in case of anterior wall infarction. PTCA without thrombolytic therapy seems to provide an effective and relatively prompt recanalizing procedure in the complex management of AMI.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Somatostatin, insulin and glucagon secretion by the perfused pancreas from the cysteamine-treated rat.

In rats, administration of a single dose of cysteamine (300 mg/kg, intragastrically) induces a depletion of pancreatic somatostatin content (approximately 60%) without modifying pancreatic insulin or glucagon content. In perfused pancreases from cysteamine-treated rats, there was a lack of somatostatin response to glucose, arginine or tolbutamide. In the absence of stimulated somatostatin release, the secretory responses of insulin and glucagon to glucose, to arginine, and to tolbutamide were not significantly different from those observed in pancreases from control rats. Our data do not support the concept that pancreatic somatostatin plays a major role in the control of insulin and glucagon release.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Argon laser recanalization of three totally occluded human right coronary arteries.

We report the successful recanalization, in vivo, of three totally occluded human right coronary arteries with an argon laser catheter during coronary artery bypass surgery. The laser catheter and technique of laser recanalization are described. At 15 days postoperatively, two of the laser-treated arteries were reoccluded angiographically. The third patient refused postoperative angiography.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1986

[Coronary recanalization by transluminal angioplasty in the acute phase of myocardial infarct].

Recanalization by transluminal coronary angioplasty (TCA) was attempted as the first measure in 41 patients having symptoms for less than 4h. The obstruction could rapidly be removed (between 14 and 50 min) in 38 patients (92%). Five patients (12%) died: one in shock at the end of the operation, two died on the 5th and 8th postoperative day and two from heart failure on the 8th and 15th postoperative day. Three patients were urgently operated on for severe tritruncal lesions after a successful TCA. Among the 27 patients under control between 1 and 12 months, six reocclusions were noted (5 asymptomatic, 1 with clinical recurrence), 5 had recurrent stenosis (3 of them were treated by a 2nd angioplasty) and 16 (60%) exhibited permanent good results. The global ejection fraction was not modified, neither the telediastolic and telesystolic volumes. A significant improvement in segmental kinetics was observed in 6 patients with anterior and in 5 patients with inferior infarction. In this group of patients the ejection fraction was improved (67.2 +/- 2.3 vs 52.8 +/- 2.2, p less than 0.001), the IVDT was unchanged (81.7 +/- 6.8 vs 90.7 +/- 5.1, NS). IVTS was lower (27.5 +/- 3.5 vs 41.9 +/- 2.8, p less than 0.001). Further work is, however, needed to confirm these results.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Complete patency in thrombus-occluded arteries two weeks after laser recanalization.

The potential problem of rethrombosis after laser recanalization was studied in 16 thrombus-occluded canine femoral arteries. Balloon de-endothelialization and thrombin-human blood injection produced adherent, completely occlusive thrombi 4.13 +/- 1.54 cm in length; laser exposure of the thrombi occurred at 18.35 +/- 22.1 hours. The argon laser catheter was introduced via a proximal arteriotomy and a power of 3.83 +/- 0.58 W delivered for 411.3 +/- 296.87 seconds. Follow-up period was 14 days. All arteries were patent immediately after and 14 days following lasing, as demonstrated by angiography. There was no vessel perforation. Seven of the dogs were maintained on aspirin and dipyridamole 4 days before and throughout the study, but there were no differences in thrombus length, laser power, or duration of laser exposure between these dogs and those receiving no anti-platelet therapy. Control thrombosed arteries (without laser energy application) showed no autolysis within 14 days in all dogs and up to 95 days in three dogs followed for this period of time. These data show that rethrombosis of totally occluded, thrombosed arteries is not present up to 2 weeks later after laser recanalization, with or without the aid of anti-platelet therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Immediate coronary angioplasty in the acute phase of myocardial infarction. French multicenter study: December 1983].

Following the introduction of intracoronary thrombolysis in the acute phase of myocardial infarction (AMI), transcutaneous coronary angioplasty (TCA) was originally conceived as a logical complementary procedure to treat residual stenosis and so prevent the frequent post-thrombolysis reocclusion (20-30 p. 100 of cases). With increasing experience TCA of first intent appeared rational, more rapid and effective, ensuring coronary recanalisation (CR), suppression of residual stenosis and the prevention of reocclusion in the same procedure with with the objective of reducing the number of coronary bypass grafts (CBG) in patients with single vessel disease. A French multicentre study of 22 cases was organised by 9 centres. The average period between onset of symptoms and intervention was 2 hours 10 mins (range 30 mins-5 hours 30 mins). The average duration of the procedure was only 30 mins. 16 patients had anterior and 6 patients inferior AMI. Coronary angiography showed 12 occlusions (54.5 p. 100) and 10 sub-occlusions with 6 cases of delayed opacification. All patients had successful initial TCA with no major complications. The arterial occlusions decreased from 100 p. 100 to 31 p. 100 and the subocclusions from 94 to 12 p. 100. 2 patients died in the hospital period, one at the 48th hour of controlateral AMI and the other one at the 5th day of reocclusion. Three patients developed reocclusion at the site of the original TCA. Complete regression of ECG changes was observed in 31.8 p. 100 of cases. Complete recovery of normal left ventricular function was observed in 8 of the 17 patients who underwent follow-up investigations (47 p. 100 of cases).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗