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J Mann

Publications and source records attributed to J Mann.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Israeli dentists: a survey of infection control office practices and care of medically compromised patients.

A survey was conducted by interviewing a randomly selected sample of practicing dentists in Israel in 1991. The aim of this study was to evaluate methods of infection control in current use and to learn about the access to care for medically compromised patients. One hundred seventeen dentists were interviewed. This group represented a majority of graduates from Israeli schools (66). With respect to infection control, only 28% of the population surveyed routinely uses gloves, but 43% use steam autoclave, and 70% use dry-heat sterilization. A very high percentage (87%) took a verbal medical history, while a small minority (27%) had their patients fill out a written questionnaire. Only occasionally was the name of the patient's physician requested or recorded, implying a flaw in interprofessional communications. Only 26% of the dentists said they would treat patients with hepatitis and/or AIDS. Only about half the dentists accepted patients on chemotherapy or radiotherapy or those who were taking anticoagulant drugs. Physical access for dental patients in wheelchair or stretcher was markedly limited, with referral to regional hospitals the routine for these patients.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The relationship of age and gender to fear and anxiety in response to dental care.

The apparent association in the published literature of gender and age with dental fear and anxiety is far from consistent or universal. A random, age-stratified telephone survey of 398 adults was performed in a US metropolitan area: Denver, Colorado. Information collected included Kleinknecht's Dental Fear Survey (DFS). In addition to total DFS scores, values were also calculated for the sums of the five DFS physiologic response items (PATRESP) and 12 DFS fear-producing stimulus items (DENTSTIM). Tests for reliability of these three scales were performed (alpha = 0.804 to 0.936). In this sample population, significant age and gender differences were noted. In general, fear and anxiety decreased in importance with increased respondent age, with the largest difference noted between the 40-50 and 60-69 age groups. Increased fear and anxiety were most apparent among younger females (20-30 and 40-50) as compared with older females (60 and older). However, among males, the summary variable for physiologic response to fear and anxiety did not appear to be age-related. Among the oldest respondents (ages 70+), 12.2% did report a "major" response to muscle tension when in the dental chair. Females reported more fear of some stimuli associated with dental care (e.g., "feeling the drill in the mouth") than did males.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dental health profile of a population with mental retardation in Israel.

The dental status and treatment needs of Israeli children and adults with mental retardation were studied in a random sample of 387 subjects. Four levels of mental retardation were represented: (1) educable (n = 70), (2) trainable (n = 92), (3) with mental retardation and behavioral problems (n = 106), and (4) with mental retardation and severe physical handicap (n = 119). The total age-adjusted DMF-T was 12.78 and differed significantly by behavioral group (p < 0.001); the M-T was 10.70 for the educable group compared with 5.52 for the group with mental retardation and severe physical handicap. Total treatment needs included a participant mean of 3.32 for restorations and 0.61 for extractions. Institutions having dental clinics had higher participant mean DMF-T, D-T, M-T, and F-T values (p < 0.05) compared with those institutions which had no clinics (16.04 vs. 9.74; 5.17 vs. 5.06; 9.45 vs. 4.16; 1.41 vs. 0.52). Age-adjusted CPITN scores significantly differed by behavioral group; the group with mental retardation and severe physical handicap had the highest CPITN 3 category mean score of 2.93 compared with x = 1.89 for the educable group; however, the educable group had the most sextants with no teeth (x = 2.48). Findings confirm high dental morbidity and significant oral health differences by behavior group, age, and dental clinic status. Advanced training is recommended for dental providers and the staffs of institutions to enhance oral health outcomes.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of non-response bias in a probability household survey of male same-gender sexual behavior.

OBJECTIVE: To assess non-participation bias in a survey of male sexual behavior. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A household survey was carried out in 1992-1993 using a probability sampling frame in Mexico City. Demographic variables were available for all eligible men. The extent of non-participation bias was estimated using a version of the Heckman method, which utilizes two equations, one to predict participation and the other to predict reports of same-gender sexual behavior. RESULTS: A total of 8,068 of the 13,713 eligible men completed a face-to-face questionnaire (response rate 59%); 173 men (2.1%) reported bisexual behavior in their lifetime, and 37 (0.4%) reported only male partners. Survey participation was predicted using demographic variables: 67% of the observations were correctly predicted by a probit regression model: 82% of participants and 53% of non-participants (pseudo-r2 = 0.13). Same-gender sexual behavior was predicted by variables indicating attachment to gay/bisexual social networks, history of sexually transmitted diseases, positive attitudes towards gay and bisexual males, and lack of support from male relatives. Ninety-seven per cent of the cases was correctly predicted by the probit model (pseudo-r2 = 0.14). The correlation between these two equations was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that prevalence estimates of same-gender sexual behavior among Mexico City men were not biased by selective survey participation. Careful selection and training of household interviewers may have assisted in minimizing potential bias.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Using UNIX--Part 1.

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Computer Security↗
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Using UNIX, Part 2.

We talked about using 3 UNIX commands. In UNIX, there are many other options for using them. But for the most part, if you can use them like I have shown, you will be able to do everything you need. If you can learn these few points well, I think you will be better off than if I give you 50 options and leave you totally confused about when to do what. On some UNIX systems, an electronic version of the UNIX manual is on the system. This gives a lot more information about each command. However, it is a bit difficult to understand. If you want more information about any command, you can type man COMMAND, e.g., man ls. This will give you more ways to use the ls command. And remember, the command pwd tells what directory you are in, cd/directory changes to another directory, ls lists the contents of the directory you are in, ls more displays the directory contents 1 page at a time (the space bar gives you the next page), ls-al gives a detailed listing of the contents of the directory you are in, ls-al more displays them 1 page at a time (the space bar gives you the next page).

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMedDate not supplied

AIDS and human rights.

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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dietary management of patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia treated with simvastatin.

The effect of diet on plasma lipids and lipoproteins was examined in 19 patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia treated with the HMGCoA reductase inhibitor, simvastatin. The study was a randomized double-blind cross-over trial of two diets: a low fat diet and a higher fat diet, and was performed to determine whether ongoing attention to diet is necessary for patients receiving this drug for the treatment of familial hypercholesterolaemia. Plasma cholesterol concentration was 6.5 per cent lower on the low fat diet than on the high fat diet. The difference was within the range predicted by the Jacobs modification of the Keys formula from the reported intake on the two diets. The fall on the low fat diet was principally accounted for by a reduction in low density lipoprotein cholesterol, although high density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 also fell. Patients taking HMGCoA reductase inhibitors for the treatment of familial hypercholesterolaemia respond to changes in dietary fat intake. They are thus likely to achieve further reduction in their coronary heart disease risk, and should remain on a low saturated fat low cholesterol diet even when taking these powerful lipid lowering drugs.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Containing the spread of HIV infection: a world health priority.

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that the world total of AIDS cases will reach 300,000 by the end of 1988 and 500,000 to 3 million over the next 5 years. AIDS is of special concern to developing countries with their limited, stressed health care systems and the other serious health problems of their populations. Also, AIDS usually strikes the young and productive adults that the economies of these countries can least afford to lose. The Surgeon General of the Public Health Service has challenged the United Nations to make the world's blood supply safe by 1991. Private and public sector leaders could come together, apply the technology and resources available in industrialized countries, and achieve a victory in this facet of the AIDS pandemic. The WHO's global strategy has led to the establishment of national AIDS committees in 151 countries and the preparation of 70 short-term (6-12 months) plans and 25 medium-term (3-5 years) plans for national AIDS control programs.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[AIDS in focus].

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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗