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Biomedical subjects

J MacFarlane

Publications and source records attributed to J MacFarlane.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

DDAVP in young enuretic patients: a double-blind trial.

A double-blind cross-over trial of DDAVP was carried out in 22 patients aged between 9 and 16 years. The patients had previously failed to respond to other treatments for enuresis. While DDAVP resulted in fewer wet nights during the 14-day period of active treatment, the results did not achieve statistical significance. This is in contrast to previous reports. The dose in this study was 20 micrograms intranasally. Further studies may be valuable, possibly relating dosage to body weight.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Antihypertensive therapy in patients above age 60 with systolic hypertension. A progress report of the European Working Party on High Blood Pressure in the Elderly (EWPHE).

1. Although systolic blood pressure elevation is responsible for increased incidence of cardiovascular accidents in old people, the preventive benefit of lowering systolic hypertension in elderly has not been confirmed. 2. A double blind study comparing the effects of a placebo and of an active regimen (hydrochlorothiazide-triamterene with or without methyldopa) in people over 60 years with isolated systolic hypertension has been undertaken by the European Working Party on High blood pressure in the Elderly (EWPHE). 3. The actively treated group shows a lowered sitting blood pressure (-15/6 mm Hg), a mild increase of serum creatine, serum uric acid and blood glucose and a mild decrease of serum potassium after two years of treatment when compared to the spontaneous changes observed in the placebo treated group. 4. The study is continuing to evaluate if the blood pressure reduction prevents or reduces the incidence of cardiovascular accidents, although some biochemical changes were provoked by the treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Protective effect of dietary fibre against chemically induced bowel tumours in rats.

101 rats were fed one of four diets containing graded amounts of dietary fibre. Subcutaeous dimethylhydrazine (D.M.H.) was given to half the rats in each of the diet groups. Stool mass was found to be directly related to the amount of dietary fibre consumed, and the incidence of D.M.H.-induced colon carcinoma was reduced as dietary fibre increased.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1978

Antihypertensive therapy in patients above age 60. Third interim report of the European Working Party on High blood pressure in Elderly (EWPHE).

Three hundred forty nine hypertensive patients above the age of 60 have entered the double-blind multicentre trial of the European Working Party on High blood pressure in the Elderly (EWPHE). After stratification and randomisation half were treated with one or two capsules containing 25 mg hydrochlorothiazide and 50 mg triamterene and if blood pressure control was insufficient methyldopa was added up to 2 g daily; the other half received matching placebo. No significant differences between the groups were present prior to randomisation. A significant blood pressure difference of 25/10 mm Hg was obtained between the groups and maintained during two years of follow-up. No major disturbances in serum potassium or serum sodium were noted with the present drug combination. However, during the initial phase an increase in serum creatinine and serum uric acid was noted in the actively treated group, which was maintained for two years. Also glucose tolerance was impaired after 2 years in the actively treated group. A favourable influence on prognosis by active treatment can be expected on the basis of the blood pressure reduction and in the absence of major electrolytes disturbances. But this benefit must be proven by observed statistical differences in terminating events between the groups. Therefore the patients are being followed for a longer period of time and more patients are admitted into the trial.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Osteoclastomalike anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid. Diagnosis by fine needle aspiration cytology.

Fine needle aspiration (FNA) of a neck mass yielded cytologic specimens containing two cell populations: multinucleated giant cells and smaller, round-to-oval, undifferentiated malignant cells. The giant cells were frequently so numerous as to obscure the other cells. The FNA cytodiagnosis of a rare anaplastic thyroid carcinoma containing osteoclastic giant cells was substantiated by the subsequent exploratory surgery and biopsy specimen. Immunohistochemical staining suggested a dual origin of the two cell populations.

Aged↗