Solvent abuse by children and young adults: a review.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J M Watson.
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A linkage map of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAT has been derived from the results of conjugation experiments using the plasmids FP2-2, R68, R91-5, and R68.45. FP2-2 and R68 each mobilize the chromosome from single, distinct transfer origins. R91-5 appears to mobilize the chromosome from two such origins, and R68.45 utilizes a number of transfer origins. R68 and R91-5 have both been shown to mobilize the chromosome with a polarity opposite to that by FP2-2. The locations of the transfer origins of these plasmids are such that it has not been possible to demonstrate chromosomal circularity by means of interrupted mating experiments. However, the available time-of-entry data combined with linkage data from plate mating experiments support the conclusion that the chromosome of P. aeruginosa is circular.
The locations of new markers relative to markers previously mapped on the chromosome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAT were defined by generalized transduction with phage F116L and F1083. Although the marker orders of the various marker groups were deduced mainly from the results of two-factor crosses, the locations of a number of markers were confirmed by three-factor crosses. A linkage map of the chromosome of P. aeruginosa PAT was constructed which shows the relative locations of 50 genes. From the available data, the linkage maps of P. aeruginosa strains PAO and PAT appear to be similar.
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The deliberate inhalation of solvents "for kicks" is becoming more common among children and adolescents in the west of Scotland. 50 consecutive police cases of solvent abuse in Lanarkshire have been reviewed. Investigation of the 42 patients (40 male and 2 female) showed that "sniffing" was a group activity involving many adolescents aged 12-19 years, all of whom had a previous history of solvent abuse. Although some incidents were reported within school hours, 52% of referrals occurred after 6 P.M., with Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays being the commonest days for referrals. Of 4 cases sent to hospital, 2 required admission. A list has been compiled of the agents most frequently used for inhalation purposes and a simple screening procedure based on gas-liquid chromatography developed to detect their solvent components. This has been successfully applied to the detection of solvents in blood-samples from the patients referred.
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