Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J M Sharp

Publications and source records attributed to J M Sharp.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Effect of oxytetracycline therapy on experimentally induced pneumonic pasteurellosis in lambs.

Two groups of 10, specific pathogen free lambs were injected with a long acting oxytetracycline preparation at a dose rate of 20 mg/kg either 24 hours before or 24 hours after exposure to an aerosol of Pasteurella haemolytica. When compared with the response of similarly infected but untreated lambs, the effect of pretreatment was to postpone the appearance of clinical signs of pneumonia for four days and the deaths of five lambs for five to six days post infection, by which time seven untreated lambs had died. Treatment 24 hours after infection caused a rapid clinical recovery which persisted until six days after infection but two treated lambs died seven days after infection. Lung lesions in the group treated after infection were significantly less extensive than those in the untreated lambs.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Pulmonary function in acute cervical cord injury.

Measurements of pulmonary function were made on patients within 1 wk, 3 wk, 5 wk, 3 months, and 5 months of spinal cord injury. In patients with functionally complete transection of the cord between segment C5 and C6, the vital capacity was 30% of predicted in the first week after injury. Patients with injuries at C4 had smaller vital capacities. A significant increase in vital capacity occurred within 5 wk of injury with an approximate doubling of vital capacity 3 months after injury. Expiratory flow rates were directly dependent upon vital capacity. There was a high incidence of arterial hypoxemia, in the acute stage, even in patients with adequate ventilatory ability and normocarbia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Serum antibody response of ewes and their lambs to Pasteurella haemolytica.

Vaccination of pregnant ewes with a Pasteurella haemolytica adjuvanted vaccine which contained serotypes A1, A2 and A6 antigens caused significant increases in serum antibody titres to A1 and A6 measured by the indirect haemagglutination test (IHA). The response to vaccination with the serotype A2 antigen contained in this vaccine cannot be measured by the IHA test. There were also increased antibody titres in the colostrum from the vaccinated ewes and in the serum of their lambs after sucking compared with the corresponding titres in unvaccinated ewes and their lambs. The inoculation of either 10 +/- 2- or 18 +/- 2-day-old lambs from both vaccinated or unvaccinated ewes with the same vaccine induced the active production of antibodies to serotypes A1 and A6 despite the presence of passively acquired antibodies. By four weeks after vaccination the group geometric mean serum antibody titres of lambs from both vaccinated and unvaccinated were similar whether the lambs were vaccinated at 10 or 18 days of age. Successful vaccination of young lambs with this type of vaccine is therefore possible. Optimum protection would be obtained by vaccinating ewes in late pregnancy and their lambs within the first two weeks of life.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Inability of passively acquired antibody to protect lambs against experimental pasteurellosis.

An experimental model of pneumonic pasteurellosis in sheep was used to investigate the role of serum antibody in resistance to this disease. Lambs which had been vaccinated with a sodium salicylate extract of Pasteurella haemolytica type A1 were protected against challenge with PI3 virus followed by P. haemolytica type A1 7 days later. The majority of untreated lambs and lambs which had received either 200 ml of antiserum to P. haemolytica or 200 ml of control serum intraperitoneally 18 h before infection with P. haemolytica type A1 succumbed to the challenge. Lymphocytes from vaccinated lambs showed a specific proliferative response when exposed to P. haemolytica type A1 sodium salicylate extract, and this response increased after exposure of these animals to P. haemolytica type A1 in aerosol. The results indicate that the humoral immune response alone is incapable of affording protection against experimental pasteurellosis and that cell-mediated immunity may play an important part in resistance to this disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Ovine pneumonia.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Pathology of ovine adenovirus type 4 infection in SPF lambs: pulmonary and hepatic lesions.

Seven lambs were challenged with an aerosol of OA4 virus. Four developed mild pulmonary oedema and a sparse accumulation of mononuclear cells around blood vessels similar to results reported previously. In addition, three had focal hepatic necrosis and one of these three had a non-suppurative occlusive cholangitis and portal tract lymphangitis and thrombosis. Basophilic intranuclear IB's were identified in many necrotic hepatocytes, in lymphatic endothelial cells involved in thrombi but in only one bile duct epithelial cell. Ultrastructurally, virions with the characteristics of adenovirus were seen in hepatocytes. Although only one IB was seen in the affected biliary system there was no evidence that it was caused by an agent other than OA4. Virus was considered to infect the respiratory system directly, be swallowed to infect the alimentary system and carried, possibly within cells, via a haematogeneous and/or lymphogenous route to the liver. The effect of naturally acquired virus on sheep is unknown but it is possible that it may predispose the host to more serious infections.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1976

The assessment in sheep of an inactivated vaccine of parainfluenza 3 virus incorporating double stranded RNA (BRL 5907) as adjuvant.

The serological responses of conventionally reared sheep were compared after vaccination with inactivated parainfluenza 3 (PI3) virus incorporated in three different adjuvants. Inactivated PI3 virus with the double-stranded RNA, BRL 5907 in an oil emulsion was shown to stimulate higher serum antibody titres over the first 5 weeks after vaccination than virus with and without BCG emulsified in oil. The ability of this vaccine to protect specific pathogen-free lambs against challenge with PI3 virus was examined in a second experiment. In this experiment the vaccine stimulated virus neutralizing and haemagglutination inhibiting antibodies in the serum. After intranasal and intratracheal inoculation with PI3 virus at challenge, vaccinated lambs showed no clinical illness and virus isolation was confined, except in one lamb, to the first two days. In contrast, unvaccinated lambs developed respiratory disease and virus was isolated daily for 7 days after challenge.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗