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J M Roseman

Publications and source records attributed to J M Roseman.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Evidence for genetic admixture as a determinant in the occurrence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in U.S. blacks.

In recent years, it has been proposed that genetic admixture may have played a role in the increased frequency of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in young U.S. blacks relative to African blacks. In support of this proposal, the similar associations of specific markers of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) with IDDM in U.S. blacks with respect to U.S. whites have been cited. To determine whether racial admixture was a factor in the increased prevalence, we did three analyses of admixture. In the first we used nine genetic markers (ABO, Rh, Fy, Hp, Gc, Pl, OR, Tfr, and Gm) and determined that there was significantly greater than zero genetic contribution from whites in our sample of U.S. black IDDM patients (9.6 +/- 2.3%, P less than 0.01) when a sample of U.S. blacks without IDDM was used as one "parental" population. In the next two analyses, we estimated the amounts of genetic contribution from whites in the U.S. blacks with and without IDDM using reported gene frequencies for West African blacks for four genetic markers (ABO, Rh, Fy, and Hp). The estimate of admixture (21.4 +/- 2.8%) for the black IDDM sample was greater than that for the U.S. black controls (17.9 +/- 2.3%), although the difference was not significant. Our estimate of genetic contribution from whites, 21.4% for black IDDM patients, supports the assumptions of 20% admixture which MacDonald and Rotter and Hodge used to test their respective models for the inheritance of IDDM. These results support the hypothesis that admixture with the white population is, in part, responsible for the increase in prevalence of IDDM seen in U.S. blacks.

Black People↗
PubMed1981

HLA associations with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in a sample of the American Black population.

It has been of considerable interest to determine if the HLA associations with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in blacks are the same as in whites in the United States. Seventy-nine black IDDM patients who were under the age of 40 at onset 283 black controls were HLA typed for A, B and C specificities. This is the largest sample of black IDDM patients yet reported. Analysis of HLA antigen frequencies for these samples has revealed an increased frequency of HLA B8 (p less than 0.01), B3 (p less than 0.02) and B15(p less than 0.006), and a decreased frequency of B14 (p less than 0.01). The estimate of relative risks for B8 and B15 was 2.6 and 4.4, respectively. Comparison of a subsample of the black patients (n = 61) and controls (N = 137) revealed increased frequencies of DR3 (p less than 0.0004), DR4 (p less than 0.0002), and DR7 (p less than 0.03) in the IDDM patients. Both HLA DR2 and DR5 were decreased in the diabetic patients (p less than 0.0001 and p less than 0.0002, respectively). All p values were uncorrected. The associations of HLA antigens with IDDM in our black American sample are essentially the same as those found in white IDDM patients. This suggests that the occurrence of IDDM in American blacks may be due to admixture of white genes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Biochemical subgrouping of benign breast disease to define premalignant potential.

To determine which subgroups of benign breast disease are likely to progress to malignant degeneration, a biochemical analysis of 3'5' cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) was run on several samples of breast tissue. cAMP is elevated in a progressive fashion from normal breast tissue to fibrosis, cystic mastitis, ductular hyperplasias, and finally to carcinoma. Correlation of cAMP levels in breast lesions with histopathologic grading of increasing epithelial proliferation confirmed the concept that there are subgroups within those lesions that have greater malignant potential. Benign breast lesions with significantly higher cAMP levels, although still lower than those of cancer, must be considered at higher risk for eventual malignant change.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1981

Clinical and biochemical studies on methylxanthine-related fibrocystic breast disease.

The results of this study show that the consumption of methylxanthines through dietary sources appears to be associated with the etiologic development of benign fibrocystic disease in the American woman. Complete abstention from methylxanthine consumption resulted in complete resolution of the disease in 82.5% and significant improvement in 15% of those studied. Thus 97.5% showed clinical benefit from total methylxanthine abstention. The results of a clinical questionnaire answered by 500 women consuming methylxanthines, one half of whom had fibrocystic breast disease, suggest that women with fibrocystic disease may have a genetic predisposition for both benign breast disease and cancer. Biochemical studies implicate increased sensitivity of the adenylate cyclase system to catecholamines in patients with fibrocystic disease. Methylxanthines are known to increase circulating catecholamines.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1976

Immunity and survival.

Studies in human families and in surviving older persons suggest that the immune system may have an important role in the control of the survival. Immune response (Ir) genes to infectious agents can be detected in human families.

Aged↗