Biomedical subjects

J M Mollard

Publications and source records attributed to J M Mollard.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1994

[Medical treatment of chronic venous insufficiency].

Several aspects comprise the medical treatment of chronic venous insufficiency: adoption of daily routines favouring mechanisms for return of venous blood; wearing of elastic stocking to reduce superficial venous hypertension, the basis of medical treatment; use of venotonic agents as adjuvant therapy; association of crenotherapy; and finally the possibility of sclerotherapy when such treatment can correct the dysfunction of the superficial venous network. Various therapeutic strategies should be considered to manage not only the functional and/or clinical signs of chronic venous insufficiency, but also the complications which may occur (varicose thrombosis and haemorrhage, or deep venous thrombosis). Lastly, prevention is based not only on respect of daily hygienic measures but above all on early treatment that is adapted to any deep venous thrombosis.

Chronic Disease↗

PubMed1994

[Functional venous explorations].

The methods for exploring venous function globally are presented first. These methods include venous pressure and plethysmography for which the methods using a garrot are separated from those using air volumetry which give reliable physiological and reproducible results. The Nachev method, the thermometry, the thermography and isotope clearances are also reviewed since they have been important in the development of exploration of venous function. The methods giving morphological or segmentary data are then presented in historical order: phlebography (completed by tomodensitography and nuclear magnetic resonance), then ultrasonography with Doppler, echography and duplex and colour techniques. Finally promising methods for the future including oxygen partial pressures, laser-Doppler, capillaroscopy and venous endoscopy are discussed. For each method, there is a description of the technique, a presentation of the measured parameters and their reliability, the signification of the measurement and its clinical use. Finally, each method is discussed in the context of concrete clinical situations with a schema for management of diagnosis.

Blood Pressure Determination↗

PubMed1994

[Chronic venous insufficiency: prevention and drugless therapy].

The superficial and deep venous network of patients with chronic venous insufficiency is constantly undergoing change requiring careful follow-up and adapted therapy. Prevention, whether physical or medical, is recommended at all stages of the disease. The veins must be protected from factors which worsen venous abnormalities and drugs improving venous return should be prescribed. It is essential to avoid further aggravation of chronic venous insufficiency. The treatment has two objectives. First, and most important, to diminish or alleviate global or local venous hyperpressure which can be attained by surgery or sclerotherapy of venous leaking, via the crosses or perforating veins, into the superficial network. Venous hyperpressure can also be reduced by re-establishing normal venous haemodynamics with conservative techniques included elastic support or surgical techniques including CHI-VA. Finally, the second objective is to diminish or alleviate inaesthetic varicose veins and telangiectases.

Bandages↗

PubMed1991

[Non-medicamentous prevention of thromboembolic disease].

Virchow's work has showed that thrombogenic situations may have a hematological, either congenital or acquired, parietal or hemodynamic nature. Primary and secondary non-medicamentous prevention of thromboembolism is aimed at screening the patients at risk, avoiding or reducing the alterations of the venous walls, and, most importantly, improving failing or altered venous hemodynamics. The authors review the various clinical and biological situations entailing an increased thrombogenic risk. They sum up the various methods of prevention of venous stasis: Nard's method, associating bandages and deambulation, as well as various techniques of contention, hemodilution, compression with inflatable boots, electric stimulation or assisted mobilization. These methods are used as ambulatory or bedside treatments and in the intra- and perioperative periods, as the case may be. The few studies relating to non-medicamentous methods of prevention of thromboembolism demonstrate their great effectiveness, which is equal to that of the modern heparin treatments. The prevention of thromboembolism is best carried out by associating the latest chemical therapies to non-medicamentous physical methods, which are still of current interest.

Humans↗

PubMed1990

[The effect of vascular risk factors in arteriopathy of the legs in women].

Here the analysis of the results of a multicentered prospective epidemiologic study that has counted only the new cases of chronic atherosclerosis obliterans of the lower extremities. Included have been 989 patients (659 men and 330 women). Critical analysis of data allows a comparative study between the sexes. Thus, specifics of arteriopathy among women can be drawn. It appears that they are only the consequences of the fact that men and women reflect a different level of tobacco use in the two populations.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

[Ultrasonic test of key zones and collateral pathways in cases of arteriopathies of the lower extremities].

Justification is provided for the use of maximal methodology of the Doppler arterial examination of lower limbs by an improved approach to the collateral and distal networks and the detection of possibly dangerous lesions in key zones such as the femoral fork. Details are given of the method used for examination of iliac artery axes, the femoral artery intersection, the deep femoral and popliteal arteries and the popliteal supply network, as well as for rating of the distal tibial circulation.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The prevention of thromboembolic disease by physical means. Use of an external electric stimulator. Initial results obtained during hip surgery].

The authors report their preliminary results using an external electric stimulator in hip surgery. One group received electric stimulation and the control group did not. There were 75 patients in each group and each patient underwent a total hip replacement. In the non-stimulated group, there were 15 DVT's (20%) and in the stimulated group 3 (4%). These results are discussed.

Electric Stimulation Therapy↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevention of deep venous thrombosis by physical methods. Use of an external electrical stimulator. Initial results in surgery of the hip].

The aim of this study is to demonstrate the importance of the fight against venous stasis in the prevention of post-operative deep venous thrombosis. The study is based on two perfectly matched groups of 75 patients undergoing surgery for the complete replacement of the hip. As well as the usual preventive methods, one group was given external electric stimulus of the muscles of the lower limbs during the operation, in the immediate post-operative period and for the ten days following, achieving maximum venous drainage which was virtually permanent. The results make it apparent that external electric stimulus meant that 16% of deep venous thromboses were avoided in the group on which it was used.

Adult↗