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Biomedical subjects

J M Mayer

Publications and source records attributed to J M Mayer.

77 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

A role for calcium in the acute and chronic actions of ethanol in vitro.

Ethanol, in a concentration of 40--160 mM, depressed the electrically evoked contractions of the guinea-pig ileum longitudinal muscle/myenteric plexus (LM/MP) preparation in a dose-dependent manner. The acute ethanol inhibition in vitro was partially reversed by raising the extracellular calcium concentration. Following a 4 week ethanol treatment in vivo, by means of daily i.p. injections, the LM/MP preparation was rendered tolerant to ethanol and at the same time calcium was more effective in reversing the inhibitory effect of ethanol. It appears that calcium plays a role in the acute action of, and development of tolerance to, ethanol.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Cross-tolerance between ethanol and morphine in the guinea-pig ileum longitudinal-muscle/myenteric-plexus preparation.

Morphinization of guinea pigs with s.c. implanted pellets (4 X 75 mg morphine base) has resulted in tolerance, within the isolated longitudinal muscle/myenteric plexus preparation, to the in vitro inhibitory effects of morphine on the electrically induced contractions, and in cross-tolerance to the inhibitory effects of ethanol. Similar results were observed with opiate-naive preparations that were incubated for 18 h in Krebs-Ringer solution containing 40 muM morphine. Daily ethanol injections (6 g/kg) resulted in tolerance to ethanol and cross-tolerance to morphine. These results suggest a commonality between ethanol and morphine actions on the myenteric plexus preparation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Differential response to ethanol, pentobarbital and morphine in mice selectively bred for ethanol sensitivity.

Males of two lines of mice, long sleep (LS) and short sleep (SS), that had been selectively bred for their differential sensitivity to ethanol-induced sleep, were examined for their responses to the hypothermic and analgesic effects of ethanol, pentobarbital and morphine, and to the cataleptic effect of morphine. SS mice were found to be less sensitive than the LS animals to ethanol but not pentobarbital-induced analgesia and hypothermia. The SS animals were also less sensitive to morphine-induced hypothermia, but were, by contrast, more sensitive than their LS counterparts to morphine-induced analgesia, while no line differences existed with respect to catalepsy. The rate of morphine disappearance from the blood was somewhat higher in the LS animals but this difference is probably too small to account for the observed differential responses to morphine.

Analgesics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Aphasia caused by isolated lesion of the semi-ovale centre: contribution of the measurement of cerebral blood flow].

Sudden onset stroke occurred in a right-handed vietnamese woman speaking, reading and writing french fluently. When first seen in our department, the patient had mild right facial paresis and non fluent atypical aphasia. CT scan and MRI showed a left subcortical infarct in the superficial territory of the middle cerebral artery; only white matter of the semiovale centre was involved. Neurological examination revealed linguistic impairment resembling transcortical motor aphasia, with unusual stuttering, hypophonia, occasional semantic paraphasias and phonological reading and writing abnormalities. Non verbal cognitive function, gestural and buccofacial praxes were normal. Cerebral blood flow study by SPECT was consistent with left sylvian functional deactivation.

Aphasia↗