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Biomedical subjects

J M Lim

Publications and source records attributed to J M Lim.

59 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Adrenergic receptor-mediated response of the rabbit small and large intestine.

Methoxamine, isoprenaline, salbutamol and dobutamine were used to inhibit the spontaneous contraction of various rabbit small and large intestinal sections. From the concentration of the drugs that produced a similar magnitude of inhibition of the spontaneous contraction, the following deductions were made: The small intestine compared to the large intestine responded more to methoxamine, indicating a predominant presence of alpha receptors in the small intestine. The reverse is true for isoprenaline, indicating a predominant presence of beta receptors in the large intestine. Salbutamol exerted a much greater effect on the large intestine than on the small intestine, indicating that the beta receptors of the large intestine are mainly of the beta2 type. The reverse is true for dobutamine, suggesting that the beta receptors of the small intestine may be mainly of the beta1 type. The second deduction agreed with the findings of Nakahata and co-workers who reported similar, though qualitative, findings in the rat and rabbit intestine. The third and fourth deductions are interesting in that the facts complement the century old acupuncture classification of paired meridian which grouped the lung and large intestine as a pair and the heart and small intestine as another pair. The lung has beta2 and the heart beta1 receptors.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacokinetics of loratadine and pseudoephedrine following single and multiple doses of once- versus twice-daily combination tablet formulations in healthy adult males.

The pharmacokinetic profiles of single and multiple doses of loratadine, descarboethoxyloratadine (DCL) (the major active metabolite of loratadine), and pseudoephedrine were determined in a randomized, open-label, two-way crossover study in 24 healthy men. Subjects received a single dose (day 1) and multiple doses (days 3 to 10) of a once-daily (QD) formulation of loratadine 10 mg in an immediate-release coating and pseudoephedrine sulfate 240 mg in an extended-release core (CLAR-ITIN-D 24 HOUR tablets), and a twice-daily (BID) formulation of loratadine 5 mg in an immediate-release coating and pseudoephedrine sulfate 120 mg, with 60 mg in an immediate-release coating and 60 mg in the barrier-protected core (CLARITIN-D 12 HOUR tablets) in study sessions, each separated by a 10-day washout period. Both regimens were safe and well tolerated. On day 1, plasma loratadine, DCL, and pseudoephedrine concentrations were higher following the QD formulation than following the BID formulation, as expected. On day 10, loratadine and DCL maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) values were, on average, 87% and 35% higher, respectively, for the QD formulation than for the BID formulation; however, the values of the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 hours (AUC0-24) for loratadine and DCL were equivalent (90% confidence interval [CI]: 83% to 110% for loratadine; 90% to 107% for DCL). On day 10, pseudoephedrine Cmax and AUC0-24 values were equivalent (90% CI for Cmax: 94% to 109%; for AUC: 91% to 106%) for the two formulations, and lower pseudoephedrine concentrations were observed from 16 to 24 hours with the QD formulation. Both loratadine/pseudoephedrine formulations produced equivalent loratadine and DCL AUC0-24 values and equivalent pseudoephedrine Cmax and AUC0-24 values following multiple dosing. The lower pseudoephedrine concentrations in the evening with the QD formulation may minimize the potential for insomnia in patients when compared with the BID formulation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatitis B Catch-Up Project: analysis of 1999 data from the Chicago Public Schools.

PURPOSE: Asian American Pacific Islander (AAPI) children face an increased risk for acquiring hepatitis B virus infection. Since 1990, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have recommended universal hepatitis B immunization for AAPI children. In 1997, Illinois passed a law requiring hepatitis B vaccination for school entry, but its implementation was restricted to pre-kindergarten and fifth-grade students. That same year, the Illinois Health Education Consortium (IHEC) began the Hepatitis B Immunization Catch-Up Project in collaboration with the Chicago Public Schools (CPS) and community organizations. Schools targeted for IHEC intervention were those enrolling more than 100 (or over 20%) AAPI students. This study describes the effects of the Illinois law and the Hepatitis B Immunization Catch-Up Project on hepatitis B immunization of AAPI students in the CPS in 1999. METHODOLOGY: The effects of the IHEC Catch-Up Project intervention and the Illinois law upon hepatitis B immunization was tested using a two-way analysis of variance for the 1999-2000 cohort of AAPI students enrolled in the CPS as of November 1999. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Results indicated students required to receive hepatitis B immunization shots received a significantly (p < .001) higher mean number of shots than was the case for students who were not required to receive the shots. Similarly, IHEC-intervention students received a significantly (p < .001 ) higher mean number of shots than was the case for students who were not part of the IHEC intervention. CONCLUSIONS: The IHEC intervention produced a significant, positive effect on the hepatitis B immunization rate above and beyond the state law. The practical significance of the IHEC intervention is described and discussed.

Analysis of Variance↗