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Biomedical subjects

J M Kauer

Publications and source records attributed to J M Kauer.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Kinematic behavior of the human wrist joint: a roentgen-stereophotogrammetric analysis.

Using a roentgen-stereophotogrammetric measurement system, the three-dimensional kinematic characteristics of each carpal bone in two human wrist joints were obtained as the hands were moved in vitro through dorsopalmar flexion and through radioulnar deviation, both in the supinated and pronated positions of the hand. The results were described in terms of Euler rotation angles and showed that in flexion, the distal carpal bones may be considered as one fixed group while the proximal carpals may not. For the deviation motion, quite different rotational excursions for the carpal bones were observed, therefore, none of the two rows may be assumed acting as rigid groups. In both of the hand motions performed, all carpal bones moved synchronously and uniformly. These results demonstrate that accurate measurements of three-dimensional carpal-bone motions are feasible by using an adequately refined roentgen-stereophotogrammetric system. The detailed and precise kinematic information obtained can serve as a database for future developments of functional wrist-joint models, and will provide more insight into carpal-bone behavior, useful in clinical diagnosis and surgical reconstruction procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Tendon sheath infections of the hand.

Septic tenosynovitis continues to be a serious condition of the hand. Complications, sometimes necessitating amputation, are not uncommon. We studied the anatomic arrangements of the flexor tendon sheaths and were able to demonstrate different synovial compartments within the one osteofibrous tendon sheath. This has important consequences for surgical therapy. 48 Patients are reported operated on for tendon sheath infection over a 10-year period. All data influencing the end-result are analysed, with particular attention to delay in operative treatment, the results of bacterial cultures, the use of antibiotics and the surgical technic itself. When tenosynovitis is suspected, immediate drainage of all the different compartments of the tendon sheath is required.

Drainage↗
PubMed1984

Partial arthrodesis of the wrist. An investigation in cadavers.

Partial arthrodesis of the wrist was performed on six cadavers in order to study the residual excursion of the wrist. Arthrodesis between the radius and scaphoid left 40 per cent extension/flexion and 61 per cent radial/ulnar deviation. Arthrodesis between the radius, scaphoid and lunate left 36 per cent extension/flexion and 59 per cent radial/ulnar deviation. Arthrodesis between the capitate, scaphoid and lunate left 59 per cent extension/flexion and 91 per cent radial/ulnar deviation.

Arthrodesis↗
PubMed1980

Functional anatomy of the wrist.

The analysis of the carpal mechanism warrants detailed examination of the morphology of the wrist. Essentials of wrist morphology serve as a basis for the concept of the interdependent carpal articulation chains. In this concept the wrist joint functions with 3 parallel longitudinal chains. In each of these chains the proximal carpal functions as an intercalated bone. The specific shape of the intercalated bones establishes a simultaneous movement in the radiocarpal and the midcarpal joints which is a prerequisite as to their function. Intercarpal stability is obtained first of all by the linkage of the 3 chains to one another. In this connection, the contacts between the carpals and of the scaphoid and lunate to the radius play an important role. The scapholunate interosseous ligament is a most important factor in the mutual attuning of the positions of scaphoid and lunate. The ulnar articular chain functions with the articular disk as a support. Extensions of the articular disk insert into all bones of the ulnar articular chain. The function of some muscles as stabilizers of the wrist by virtue of the position of their tendons was confirmed by electromyographic observations.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1976

[The cubito-carpal region in gibbons].

As a continuation of our studies concerning the structure and fetal development of the human carpal articular disc (KAUER, 1968, 1975, 1976) we have investigated the disc-homologue in the Gibbon. For this purpose we have used the serial sectioned hand of a late-fetal specimen. The stratigraphical position of the os Daubentonii has been established comparing the situation in the Gibbon with that of the human ulno-carpal region. The homology presumed by others of the os Daubentonii with the cartilaginous primordium frequently found in the developing carpal articular disc in man, was found questionable. We have tried to give the os Daubentonii a functional interpretation as a sesamoid bone supporting the mechanical loaded pronation and supination of the hand in the Gibbon.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The articular disc of the hand.

The carpal articular disc have been studied in serial sectioned embryonal and fetal hands. It can be concluded that the articular disc is an extensive fibrous system that comes from the ulnar edge of the distal end of the radius and reaches, bordered by the deep layer of the antebrachial fascia, the base of metacarpal V. In this course, insertions take place into the ulnar aspect of the head of the ulna, into the ulnar styloid process and into the ulnar carpals. Emphasis has been laid upon the fact that the sheath of the m. extensor carpi ulnaris tendon is part of the fibrous system of the disc. The positions of the dorsal tendons seen with respect to the fascial implicate a mutual shift during pronation and supination of the hand. The relations between the so-called ligamentum subcruentum and prestyloid recess have been established, the presence of cartilaginous primordia in the developing dis has been discussed. We come to the conclusion that the evidence for drawing a parallel between phylogenetic and human embryological phenomena is still insufficient. In this connection we have stressed the modus of development of the pisotriquetral joint space.

Anatomy, Comparative↗
PubMed1975

[The development of the triangular ligament in man].

The origin of the carpal articular disc has been studied in serial sectioned embryonal and fetal hands. In particular the complex; ulnar styloid process--triangular disc--carpal joint has been considered. In this development a relation is brought about between the so-called lig. subcruentum and the prestyloid recess. It has to be emphasized, that both pre-styloid recess and pisotriquetral joint space originate as isolated spaces.

Carpal Bones↗