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Biomedical subjects

J M Jonas

Publications and source records attributed to J M Jonas.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Is bulimia associated with borderline personality disorder? A controlled study.

To test the hypothesis that bulimia may be associated with borderline personality traits or frank borderline personality disorder, the authors administered the Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines (DIB) under blind conditions to 52 bulimic subjects, 22 outpatient controls with a history of major depression but no history of an eating disorder, and 13 nonpsychiatric controls. Only 1.9% of bulimic subjects met revised DIB criteria for borderline personality disorder, and mean DIB scores were almost identical in bulimic subjects and controls with major depression. These results argue against a relationship between bulimia per se and borderline personality disorder or traits.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Bulimia in men: a series of fifteen cases.

Comparing 15 consecutive male bulimic patients to a female bulimic control group, the authors found no differences on demography, associated psychopathology, family history, or treatment response. In contrast to a previous report, the authors found little evidence of increased homosexuality or "sexual conflict" in these men.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Pathological gambling and major affective disorder: preliminary findings.

Twenty-five pathological gamblers were examined for additional DSM-III diagnoses and family history of psychiatric illness. Eighteen subjects (72%) had experienced at least one episode of major depression, and 13 (52%) had recurrent major affective episodes. A high prevalence (20%) of panic disorder and/or agoraphobia was also found.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

An empirical study of psychosis in borderline personality disorder.

To assess the nature and prevalence of psychotic symptoms in borderline personality disorder, the authors reviewed the cases of 33 patients meeting DSM-III criteria for borderline personality disorder, using both "narrow" and "broad" definitions of psychosis. Only eight patients displayed psychotic symptoms meeting the "narrow" DSM-III definition; in all of these cases, the symptoms appeared to be attributable to either severe drug abuse or major affective disorder, present simultaneously with borderline personality disorder. The remaining patients displayed only "broadly defined" psychotic symptoms or symptoms that appeared to be under voluntary control. These findings weigh against the assumption that borderline personality disorder lies "on the border" of classical psychotic disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Antidepressant treatment of bulimia: a two-year follow-up study.

Follow-ups for periods of up to 2 years on 20 bulimic subjects treated with antidepressants are reported. At the time last seen in follow-up, 19 (95%) of the subjects had experienced at least a partial improvement in their bulimia, and 10 (50%) had experienced a complete remission of bulimic symptoms. In addition, most subjects displayed a marked reduction in depressive symptoms. This suggests that antidepressants do not merely reduce binge eating per se, but produce a more general therapeutic effect for bulimic patients. However, these promising findings must be tempered by the fact that antidepressant treatment is not always simple and may require extensive management over the long term.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Treatment of anorexia nervosa with antidepressants.

Nine patients with anorexia nervosa were treated with antidepressant medications from three classes: tricyclics, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and triazolopyridines. A tenth patient was treated with the combination of lithium carbonate and carbamazepine. With either the initial or a subsequent medication trial, four patients had displayed significant improvement in weight and in other anorexic and bulimic symptoms. Three additional patients had a marked or moderate improvement in bulimic symptoms, one with moderate and two without any weight gain. Two other patients had moderate weight gain. Side effects were a significant problem in many of the patients. These preliminary results suggest that antidepressants may be of benefit in the treatment of some patients with anorexia nervosa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Use of clonidine in treating neuroleptic-induced akathisia.

Six patients with akathisia were treated with clonidine in an open, on-drug/off-drug trial. All six patients demonstrated substantial improvement of their akathisia, with four of the six obtaining complete remission. The dose of clonidine used to treat the remaining two patients was limited by the development of symptomatic hypotension. Daily doses ranged from 0.2 to 0.8 mg, and maximal response to a particular dose occurred within 24 to 48 hours. Although no effects on lithium tremor, parkinsonism, or tardive dyskinesia were observed, two bipolar patients exhibited considerable improvement in their manic and psychotic symptoms during treatment with clonidine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Clonidine in the treatment of mania and mixed bipolar disorder.

The symptoms of three bipolar patients remitted after clonidine treatment. One patient presented with mixed bipolar disorder, two were manic, and all were psychotic. One patient's akathisia also appeared to respond to clonidine. Clonidine's thymoleptic effect paralleled resulting cardiovascular changes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Undiagnosed vomiting in an older woman: unsuspected bulimia.

Bulimia, believed to occur primarily in young women, is rarely suspected in older individuals. The authors report on a 56-year-old woman with rapid cycling bipolar disorder, whose unexplained vomiting proved attributable to bulimia.

Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMed1984

Psychosis in anorexia nervosa and bulimia.

In a sample of 130 consecutive patients with a lifetime diagnosis of anorexia nervosa and/or bulimia, 17 displayed psychotic symptoms. In 16 patients, these symptoms appeared attributable to major affective disorder or schizo-affective disorder, while in one, they appeared to represent factitious psychosis. No cases of schizophrenia or organic psychosis were identified.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Psychosis in borderline personality disorder.

Do patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) display psychotic symptoms as part of their syndrome? This question has important theoretical significance, since it bears on the question of whether BPD lies 'on the border' of psychotic functioning, or whether it is unrelated to psychotic disorders. A review of available evidence suggests that 'narrowly defined' psychotic symptoms, such as those included under the DSM-III definition of psychosis, are rare in BPD. Furthermore, when such symptoms have been reported in BPD, they may have been attributable to a concomitant, possibly independent, disorder suffered by the patient, such as substance abuse or major affective disorder. Broadly defined psychotic symptoms, such as depersonalization, are much more often reported in BPD, but many of these symptoms have also been reported frequently in patients with non-psychotic disorders and in normals. Finally, the prevalence of factitious psychotic symptoms in BPD has not been systematically investigated. Thus, the evidence for psychotic symptoms in BPD remains equivocal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The validity of DSM-III borderline personality disorder. A phenomenologic, family history, treatment response, and long-term follow-up study.

To test the validity of the DSM-III diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (BPD), we examined the phenomenology, family history, treatment response, and four-to-seven-year long-term outcome of a cohort of 33 patients meeting DSM-III criteria for BPD. We found that (1) BPD could be distinguished readily from DSM-III schizophrenia; (2) BPD did not appear to represent "borderline affective disorder," although many patients displayed BPD and major affective disorder concomitantly; and (3) BPD could not be distinguished on any of the indices from histrionic and antisocial personality disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Phenomenologic relationship of eating disorders to major affective disorder.

We administered the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule to 41 patients with a lifetime history of anorexia nervosa (25 with and 16 without bulimia) and to 49 patients with bulimia alone. Results showed that 77% of the patients with eating disorders had a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-III major affective disorder, a rate significantly higher than that found in comparison groups composed of the first-degree relatives of probands with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. High lifetime rates of anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, and kleptomania were also observed. By contrast, few cases of personality disorders and no cases of schizophrenia were found. These findings combine with the results of studies of family history, long-term outcome, response to biological tests, and treatment response to suggest that anorexia nervosa and bulimia may be closely related to major affective disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis hyperactivity in bulimia.

Hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, demonstrated by nonsuppression of plasma cortisol in the dexamethasone suppression test (DST), has been found in about 50% of patients with major depression. We administered the DST to 47 patients with bulimia and to 22 age- and sex-matched normal controls. Among the bulimics, 47% were nonsuppressors, significantly higher than the 9% prevalence of nonsuppressors in the controls, but similar to the prevalence reported for patients with major depression in other studies. This finding is consistent with evidence from studies of phenomenology, family history, and treatment response which suggest that bulimia may be related to affective disorder.

Adolescent↗