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Biomedical subjects

J M Garat

Publications and source records attributed to J M Garat.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Desmopressin: the treatment of primary nocturnal enuresis].

OBJECTIVES: The efficacy of desmopressin, a drug that reduces nocturnal urine volume with no side effects, was evaluated in a group of 21 patients. METHODS: 20 boys and 1 girl with primary nocturnal enuresis were treated with intranasal desmopressin (DDAVP) for a period of 12 weeks. RESULTS: An improvement in 80.95% was achieved. Following treatment enuresis recurred, but to a lesser degree than before therapy. CONCLUSIONS: DDAVP is useful in the treatment of primary nocturnal enuresis whose etiology is not organic or functional.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Passerini-Glazel technique of vulvovaginoplasty: a solution for upper outlet of the vagina].

Since 1988, we have performed the Passerini-Glazel technique, in 5 patients, between 7 months and 3 years old. All showed female pseudohermaphroditism with severe signs of masculinization, and consequently, high outlet of the vagina in the urethra, secondary to Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH). The technique use is to get a functional and esthetically acceptable vagina at the expense of a urethral flap and two flaps of skin, coming from the hypertrophic clitoris. The results were excellent in all the patients. In one occasion it was necessary to insert a cylinder of vesical mucous to get a suture without tension of both hemivaginas. In one case there appeared a late vaginal stenosis that was solved with dilations. The present technique is indicated in those cases of CAH, with great testosterone impregnation, in which the vagina ends very high and her primary descent is difficult. It is also indicate in those cases in which there exists the risk of hurting the external sphincter, which would damage the urinary continence mechanism.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1992

Megautricles: embryogenic hypothesis.

We present 4 cases of megautricle emphasizing the relationship between it and the ejaculatory ducts. We develop an embryogenic hypothesis to explain the different forms of megautricles in relation to the seminal pathway.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Posterior urethroplasty with tubularized bladder mucosal graft.

Surgical management of long strictures of the posterior urethra is difficult and there is no concrete method that guarantees excellent results. The use of bladder mucosa has become established in the 1980s as treatment for anterior urethral reconstruction in hypospadias repair. We report 2 difficult cases (multioperations) of membranous urethral strictures treated with free tubularized bladder mucosal grafts with good initial results.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Thoracic ureter.

We report a case of a somewhat dilated ascending and descending ureteral segment penetrating into the thorax with moderate symptoms. The diagnosis was made by excretory urography. To our knowledge, our case represents the first such report in the literature.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Balanitis xerotica obliterans in children.

This report is based on 7 children with balanitis xerotica obliterans. Of these patients 5 had stenosis of the urethral meatus that required meatotomy and the postoperative results were good. The frequency of balanitis xerotica obliterans in children at our center, as well as the findings of other authors, suggests that possibly more cases would be diagnosed during infancy if all dried foreskin were examined systematically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Testicular pseudolymphoma.

Pseudolymphomas are reactive processes which by their morphology can be confused with lymphomas. They have been described in non-lymphoid organs (gastrointestinal tract, lung, breast, etc.), although cases have also been reported in the spleen. In this article we present the case of a 3-year-old child in whom the location was in the testes. It is the 4th case reported in the literature and the first in a child. The main criteria for establishing such a diagnosis are the delimitation of the lesion, the presence of mature lymphocytes intermingled with other cells which are mainly plasma cells of polyclonal type and the formation of lymphoid follicles with active germinal centers. A differential diagnosis within the testicle should be made with the lymphoma (primary or secondary), the leukemic infiltration and the seminoma with marked stromal lymphoid reaction.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1986

[Bladder hemangiomas].

Three further cases of bladder hemangioma are reported. Two were adults, with a previous history of hematuria, diagnosed by endoscopy and treated by external radiotherapy. The other case was an 8 year old child, diagnosed by radiologic, CT scan and endoscopic examinations and confirmed by histology, for whom an attitude of expectant prudence was adopted.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Open instillation of formalin for cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in a child.

A child with massive hematuria, produced by cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis, was treated with open bladder instillation of formalin. To prevent vesicoureteral reflux, we inserted two Fogarty catheters. Intraoperative retrograde cystography was made to confirm that there was no reflux, extravasation or passage of contrast per urethra. The postoperative result was good with cessation of hematuria.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1985

[Perineal ectopic testis].

Three further cases of perineal ectopic testis are reported and the published literature reviewed. Etiopathogenicity is discussed and emphasis placed on the need for perineal exploration in all cases of absence of testes from the scrotum. The most effective route of approach for repair is an inguinal one allowing replacement of the testis into the corresponding hemiscrotum without difficulty. Because of the histopathologic features involved, prognosis is better than that of cryptorchidism.

Child↗
PubMed1985

[Neurogenic bladder caused by spinal cord traction].

A neurogenic bladder was the presenting syndrome in three cases of spinal cord traction. Of the typical symptomatic triad: neuro-orthopedic, cutaneous and urologic, the latter was of primary importance. Symptoms in the first case were incomplete bladder retention with distention of upper urinary tract, right-sided vesicorenal reflux and renal insufficiency. Six months after excision of a sacral lipoma and freeing of the filum terminale, micturition had become normal without residue, and renal function normalized. Right-sided reflux was corrected by submucosal advancement surgery with good results. The clinical history was more suggestive in the second case. Although inaugural symptoms were mictional, there was foot paralysis and a retrosacral lipoma above an abnormal hairy tuft in the upper part of the gluteal cleft. Operation revealed the presence of a dermoid cyst and a lipoma. Their excision combined with section of the filum terminale allowing ascension of the medullary cone. Marked clinical and urodynamic improvement was obtained with normal micturition and disappearance of incontinence. An anti-reflux operation suppressed residual reflux with good urographic results. Marked improvement in mictional disorders was obtained also in the 3rd case after excision of a sacral extradural lipoma and section of the filum terminale, allowing objective ascension of the medullary cone by 4 cm. A very detailed analysis was conducted of similar cases reported in the literature, about 2% of neurogenic bladders in children being affected. The importance of early diagnosis is emphasized as well as the essential need to establish a precise diagnosis of the lipoma of cauda equina and of medullary fixation. Early neurosurgery is justified by the high frequency of improvement in cases treated in this way.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Blind-ending branch of bifid ureter. Report of 2 cases in children.

2 new cases of blind-ending branches of bifid ureters in children are reported. Clinical and diagnostic features as well as treatment of this pathology are presented. The authors emphasize the differential diagnosis of blind-ending ureteral diverticula, suggesting the possibility that the single congenital diverticulum is actually a dilated blind-ending ureter.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Urological aspects of Wolfram's syndrome.

Two new cases of Wolfram's syndrome associated with progressive urinary tract dilatation are reported. The possibility of anatomic outlet obstruction or neurogenic bladder was eliminated radiologically and urodynamically. Dilatation of the urinary tract was considered to be a consequence of high diuresis associated with diabetes insipidus. A very important improvement in bilateral urinary tract distension was achieved with bladder drainage while dDAVP therapy dramatically decreased the daily urinary output. A review of diabetes insipidus and its urological implications is presented.

Adolescent↗