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Biomedical subjects

J M Findlay

Publications and source records attributed to J M Findlay.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Eye movement strategies involved in face perception.

Recordings were made of the eye fixations of three subjects in two tasks involving black-and-white photographs of faces. In the first task, subjects matched a test face with a previously viewed target face; in the second task, subjects compared two simultaneously presented faces. The eye movements were recorded with a corneal reflection technique. Each subject showed an individual fixation strategy for the tasks; in particular each subject had one or more preferred facial feautres which were viewed foveally in both tasks. The subjects also showed some tendency to use a regular sequential pattern of eye movements. However, the sequences used differed from one task to the other. Although some aspects of the results support the scanpath hypothesis of Noton, it is suggested that an alternative interpretation is possible.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The double contrast enema in ulcerative and Crohn's colitis.

One hundred double contrast enema examinations using a colonic activator (veripaque in the preliminary cleansing enema and 51 conventional barium enema examinations without a preliminary veripaque enema have been performed on 94 patients with either ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease of the colon. The severity of the disease at barium enema examinations has been graded and compared with the severity of the disease found at sigmoidoscopy. In the double contrast examination, there was agreement between the radiological and sigmoidoscopic findings in 77% of cases and a disagreement of one grade in the remaining 23% of cases. The double contrast enema demonstrated lesions in the colon proximal to the range of the sigmoidoscope of a greater severity than that seen at sigmoidoscopy in 30% of cases. It was not found possible to use the same grading method with the conventional enema, and unless frank ulceration is present, it is considered that the conventional enema is unreliable in assessing the state of the colonic mucosa. It is concluded that the double contrast enema, using a colonic activator in the preliminary cleansing enema, causes no greater risk of complications than either the conventional enema or sigmoidoscopy.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1976

Effects of hyperthermia therapy on the liver. II. Morphological observations.

Liver biopsy specimens obtained from three patients during treatment of advanced malignant disease by exogenous hyperthermia were studied by light and electron microscopy. In two patients the parenchymal cells showed either slight swelling or nuclear alterations by light microscopy and, at the fine structural level, large numbers of autophagic vacuoles, dilatation of Golgi elements and endoplasmic reticulum, and large cytoplasmic vacuoles. Similar changes, but in much more severe form together with parenchymal cell necrosis and cholestasis, were seen in the liver of case 3, who developed jaundice 24 hours after hyperthermia. The findings are discussed in relation to earlier accounts of liver changes following hyperthermia, and the functional implications are considered.

Endoplasmic Reticulum↗
PubMed1974

Role of gastric irradiation in management of peptic ulceration and oesophagitis.

Twenty-four patients with peptic oesophagitis or ulceration of the stomach or duodenum have been treated with irradiation of the stomach. They were selected on the grounds of their unsuitability for surgery because of associated medical conditions or because of failure of repeated gastric surgery. Twenty of the patients (83%) were 60 years of age or over. Of those treated 19 (79%) obtained complete symptomatic relief. Endoscopic improvement occurred in most cases. Acid reduction to an average of 30% of the pretreatment levels was noted at 11 months and 58% at 30 months. No morbidity was observed attributable to the irradiation.

Adult↗
PubMed1974

Intestinal streaming patterns in cholerrhoeic enteropathy and diverticular disease.

Streaming of gastrointestinal contents depends on the demonstration of differential rates of recovery of equal doses of two synchronously fed markers. There was no significant difference in the rate of throughput of polyethylene glycol (a liquid phase marker) and chromium sesquioxide (a solid phase marker) in healthy volunteers (n = 7) and hospital inpatients (n = 5) with normal bowel habit, so that streaming does not usually occur. In cholerrhoeic enteropathy (n = 5), however, the rate of throughput of polyethylene glycol was increased. In colonic diverticular disease (n = 7) the rate of throughput of polyethylene glycol was significantly lower. In cholerrhoeic enteropathy the liquid phase marker was excreted 1.5 times faster than the solid phase, but in the diverticular disease group the liquid phase was excreted 0.75 times more slowly than the solid phase marker. This may reflect the effects of colonic hypersegmentation on the relative distribution of the liquid and solid phases.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

The physical state of bile acids in the diarrhoeal stool of ileal dysfunction.

A method is described for the separation of a diarrhoeal stool into solid and liquid phases. The seven patients studied had varying degrees of ileal resection. Faecal bile acids were measured in supernatant and pellet. Freeze-dried pellet of the patients had significantly higher bile acid content than freeze-dried faeces of the eight controls (patients mean = 55.8 mg bile acids/g freeze-dried faeces; normals = 8.3 mg bile acids/g freeze-dried faeces; P < 0.005). The presence of bile acids in the supernatant of these patients is discussed with regard to the binding capacity of the dietary residue in the colon. The faecal excretion of bile acids throughout the day in three patients was studied using the centrifugation method.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Bile acids in the diarrhoea of ileal resection.

Twenty individual diarrhoeal stools from three patients with ileal resection were centrifuged at 14 000 g for one hour at 10 degrees C to separate the stool into pellet and supernatant. Bile acids and electrolytes were measured in each phase. Relationships were examined between chenodeoxycholic acid and cholic acid in each phase and in toto to electrolyte and water loss. Chenodeoxycholic acid was associated with electrolyte and water loss whether present in solid or liquid phase. The association varied between individuals. The cholic acid content of the stool showed no association with electrolyte and water loss. It would appear that it is the total amount of chenodeoxycholic acid entering the colon, irrespective of its physical state, that is important in the diarrhoea of ileal dysfunction.

Adult↗