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Biomedical subjects

J M Ferro

Publications and source records attributed to J M Ferro.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Neglect in children.

Three children developed neglect following right-hemispheric lesions. In the first, computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a striatoinsular infarction. In the second, CT revealed a large meningioma compressing the right hemisphere, and in the third, CT revealed two intracerebral hemorrhages in the right posterior parietal and occipital lobes. Neglect in these children produced a clinical picture comparable to that occurring in adults, but there was a rapid and complete recovery. The paucity of reports of neglect in children may be a function of the rapid recovery, the phenomenon being missed if not looked for in the acute stage. We conclude that, at least for children aged 6 years or more, the right hemisphere is dominant for directed selective attention.

Attention↗
PubMed1984

Associative visual agnosia: a case study.

This report describes a case of associative visual agnosia caused by a left sided, cortico-subcortical, inferior temporo-occipital infarction. Performance on visual perceptual tests was normal, while it was defective on visual classification tasks. Visual agnosia was interpreted as a visuo-verbal disconnection plus a categorization deficit for visual meaningful common stimuli. The left occipito-temporal lesion disrupted the visual classification process and prevented access of visual information to language areas and limbic system. The absence of right hemispheric lesion accounted for the normal recognition of familiar faces and other unique individual stimuli such as familiar places, whose recognition occurs through contextual evocation.

Agnosia↗
PubMed1984

Lesion size and location in ideomotor apraxia.

Lesion size correlated positively with the severity of apraxia in the acute (one month) and chronic (one year) stage in 177 stroke patients, but accounted for only 25 per cent of the variance of the apraxia scores. Apraxia was measured on a standardized battery and defined in relation to normal controls. Lesions visualized by CT were traced objectively and measured on standard templates. Small lesions (less than one-tenth of the hemispheric volume) producing moderate or severe apraxia were mostly frontal and close to the body of the lateral ventricle. The lesions of the deep parieto- and occipitofrontal and anterior callosal fibres seem to be crucial in apraxia, rather than the parietal cortex as traditionally claimed. Large lesions (more than three-tenths of the hemisphere) without apraxia were associated with atypical asymmetries in half of the cases, as measured by the torque and the width of the frontal and occipital lobes on CT scan, suggesting a right hemisphere role in sparing and recovery of praxis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Transient inaccuracy in reaching caused by a posterior parietal lobe lesion.

A transient disturbance of manual reaching in both hemispaces associated with a small contralateral posterior perietal lobe (area 7) lesion is described. This defect was increased when the patient tried to reach without viewing of the affected arm. Inaccurate reaching is a distinct syndrome from visuomotor or optic ataxia, and is interpreted as a failure in guiding the arm towards specific sites of the space.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Apraxia and aphasia: the functional-anatomical basis for their dissociation.

We studied the functional and anatomical relationship between aphasia and apraxia in 177 patients with CT evidence of left hemisphere stroke. In six severe aphasics, praxis was spared; these cases were analyzed in detail. One patient had a small temporal lesion with severe Wernicke's aphasia. Large frontoparietal lesions were found in the others. The sparing of praxis suggested bilateral representation of visuokinesthetic motor patterns, and functionally active right parietofrontal connections. Some of these patients had uncommon patterns of skull asymmetries that may have been related to bilateral distribution of function.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

CT scan correlates of gesture recognition.

The ability to recognise gestures was studied in 65 left-hemispheric stroke patients whose lesions were located by CT scan. In the acute stage (first month) frontal lobe and basal ganglia were frequently involved in patients showing inability to recognise gestures. In the later (third to fourth month) and chronic stages (greater than 6 months) parietal lobe involvement was important; lesions causing gesture recognition impairment were larger, had more extensive and frequent parietal involvement and produced less temporal lobe damage than those causing aural comprehension defects. These findings are discussed in the light of recent models of cerebral localisation of complex functions.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Crossed optic ataxia: possible role of the dorsal splenium.

An unusual combination of disconnective syndromes is reported: transcortical motor aphasia, left arm apraxia and optic ataxia. Neuropathological examination showed a left parieto-occipital and a subcortical frontal infarct and a lesion of the dorsal part of the posterior two-fifths of the callosum. The frontal lesion caused the transcortical motor aphasia and produced the left arm apraxia. Visuomotor incoordination in the right hemispace was due to the left parieto-occipital infarct, while the crossed optic ataxia in the left hemispace was attributed to the callosal lesion. It is proposed that the pathway that serves crossed visual reaching passes through the dorsal part of the posterior callosum. This case reinforces the growing evidence that fibres in the corpus callosum are arranged in ventro-dorsal functional lamination.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Aphasia following right striato-insular infarction in a left-handed child: a clinico-radiological study.

The case of six-year-old girl with non-fluent aphasia following a subcortical right-hemispheric cerebrovascular accident is reported. Examination by computerised tomographic scan revealed a right paraventricular area of diminished density involving the internal capsule, lenticular nucleus and the insula. The speech disturbance was followed by typical right-hemispheric signs and by left-channel extinction in dichotic listening tests. The aphasia cleared in two weeks, paralleled by an improvement in left-channel performance, suggesting that language recovery was dependent on right-hemispheric structures.

Aphasia↗
PubMed1980

Alexia for arithmetical signs. A cause of disturbed calculation.

Asymbolic acalculia is a variety of acalculia characterized by a failure to differentiate the arithmetical symbols. Two patients presenting this disturbance as the only source of their calculating errors are reported. Neither aphasia nor visuo-verbal disconnection could explain the failure to identify the arithmetical signs. This defect is interpreted as an alexia for this particular semiotic system, the arithmetical signs being stripped of their names and of the corresponding computational rules.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Brain specialization for language does not depend on literacy.

Aphasia in focal brain-damaged illiterates is analogous to aphasia in patients who have learned how to read and write, regarding (1) expectancy rate, (2) distribution of clinical types, (3) semiological structure, and (4) score of relevant laboratory variables. The organization of neurological structures whose lesions produce language disturbances seems to be independent from the acquisition of reading and writing skills.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Can a clinical classification of stroke predict complications and treatments during hospitalization?

The predictive value of the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project ischemic stroke classification for acute stroke complications, therapeutic interventions and disability at discharge was investigated in 297 consecutive first-ever acute stroke patients. More than one medical complication (odds ratio, OR = 2.2), fever (OR = 2.5) and dependency (Rankin grade > 2) at discharge (OR = 2.3) were more frequent in intracerebral hemorrhage patients. Fever and urinary tract infections were the most common complications among ischemic stroke patients. Both were more frequent in total anterior circulation infarct (TACI) patients (OR = 11.5 and OR = 3.7). Neurological deterioration was observed in about 10% of TACI and posterior circulation infarct (POCI) patients. Dependency at discharge was more frequent in TACI patients (OR = 10.3). Logistic regression analysis identified ischemic stroke subgroups (OR = 8.4) and medical complications (OR = 3.8) as predictors of poor outcome (Rankin score > or = 4). A clinical classification is useful to predict possible medical and neurological complications in the acute phase, death and dependency at discharge.

Aged↗