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Biomedical subjects

J M Crielaard

Publications and source records attributed to J M Crielaard.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Chronic fatigue syndrome: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: A systematic review of the literature about chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). METHODS: A search of the Medline database (via Ovid and PubMed) with the key words chronic fatigue syndrome, diagnosis, classification, epidemiology, etiology, physiopathology, metabolism, microbiology, immunology, virology, psychology, drug therapy, rehabilitation, and therapy. The reference lists of each article were examined for additional related articles. RESULTS: CFS was defined in 1988 by the US Centes for Disease Control and Prevention. The prevalence of chronic fatigue syndrome has ranged from 0.2% to 0.7% in the general population. In 1994, the definition of CFS was revised by Fukuda et al. Despite various research in several topics (e.g. infection, immune systems, neuroendocrinology, autonomic activity, neuromuscular involvement), the pathophysiology remains unknown. CONCLUSION: CFS, with its various major clinical and functional impacts, should be associated with a "biopsychosocial model". Progressive muscular rehabilitation, combined with behavioral and cognitive treatment, is an essential part of therapy.

Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic↗
PubMed2006

[Kyphoplasty for the treatment of painful vertebral hemangioma].

Vertebral angiomas are frequent and often asymptomatic. Sometimes although they do not seem invasive radiologically, they are responsible for local pain. If there is concordance between pain and vertebral angioma localisation, surgery such as vertebroplasty or cyphoplasty can be proposed. These techniques lead to a quick and complete removal of symptoms.

Female↗
PubMed2006

[Value of aerobic rehabilitation in the management of fibromyalgia].

This study assesses the influence of a muscular aerobic revalidation program on the management of the fibromyalgia syndrome. After 3 months, benefits consisting of increased muscle performances associated with a reduction of pain and an improvement of quality of life were documented. This study confirms the value of aerobic muscle exercise in fibromyalgia patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Compartment syndrome and sport traumatology].

Compartment syndrome is defined as an increased intracompartmental pressure within inelastic fascia which surround muscular compartments. That pathology can be either acute or chronic. The acute situation is generally a medical emergency. Unless a fasciotomy is rapidly performed, increasing pressure may completely cut off blood flow and cause necrosis of the affected limb. The chronic compartment syndrome, more frequent, is characterized by exercise-induced pain and swelling that is relieved by rest. It results from an excessive intra-muscular pressure increase. The anterior compartment of the leg is most commonly involved. To accurately diagnose the compartment syndrome, physicians perform measurements of compartment pressure. By means of miniature digital instruments, exercise and rest intramuscular pressure are recorded. If pressures reach the critical threshold (30 mm Hg) and remain high five minutes after exercise, compartment syndrome is present. Treatment is nearly exclusively surgical. It consists in an fasciotomy allowing a complete recovery and a return to sport activities.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed2002

A comparison of voluntary and electrically induced contractions by interleaved 1H- and 31P-NMRS in humans.

Skeletal muscle voluntary contractions (VC) and electrical stimulations (ES) were compared in eight healthy men. High-energy phosphates and myoglobin oxygenation were simultaneously monitored in the quadriceps by interleaved (1)H- and (31)P-NMR spectroscopy. For the VC protocol, subjects performed five or six bouts of 5 min with a workload increment of 10% of maximal voluntary torque (MVT) at each step. The ES protocol consisted of a 13-min exercise with a load corresponding to 10% MVT. For both protocols, exercise consisted of 6-s isometric contractions and 6-s rest cycles. For an identical mechanical level (10% MVT), ES induced larger changes than VC in the P(i)-to-phosphocreatine ratio [1.38 +/- 1.14 (ES) vs. 0.13 +/- 0.04 (VC)], pH [6.69 +/- 0.11 (ES) vs. 7.04 +/- 0.07 (VC)] and myoglobin desaturation [43 +/- 15.9 (ES) vs. 6.1 +/- 4.6% (VC)]. ES activated the muscle facing the NMR coil to a greater extent than did VCs when evaluated under identical technical conditions. This metabolic pattern can be interpreted in terms of specific temporal and spatial muscle cell recruitment. Furthermore, at identical levels of energy charge, the muscle was more acidotic and cytoplasm appeared more oxygenated during ES than during VC. These results are in accordance with a preferential recruitment of type II fibers and a relative muscle hyperperfusion during ES.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed2002

[Slow channel syndrome due to an autosomal translocation at 2q31-9p27].

A 27-year-old man complained of cervicoscapular and forearm weakness and amyotrophy. Electromyographic evaluation showed neuromuscular transmission dysfunction and a repetitive compound muscle action potential to a single stimulus. Prostigmine did not improve neuromuscular transmission. The genetic analysis of the patient's lymphocytes demonstrated a chromosomic 2q31-9p27 translocation. The combination of the clinical and electrophysiological data as well as the lack of auto-immunity signs against neuromuscular junction constituents led to the diagnosis to congenital postsynaptic myasthenic syndrome also called slow channel syndrome. This congenital myasthenic syndrome is for the first time associated with an autosomal translocation 2q31-9p27.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed2001

[Validation of an evaluation test of activities of daily living behaviour for patients with chronic low back pain].

AIM: The purpose of this study was to validate an evaluation test of the gesture behaviour for patients with chronic low back pain. METHOD: Forty-four patients (19 females and 25 males) (45.7 +/- 10.8 years) with chronic low back pain (delay of pain: 9.8 +/- 9.0 years) took part in an educational back school program. They performed 3 tests at the beginning (pre-test), at the end (post-test) and three months after the back school program (control): a visual analogic scale, the Dallas questionnaire and a gesture evaluation test that is composed of three tasks for the pre-test and five tasks for the post-test and the control session. RESULTS: Our gesture test was reproducible and sensible. The mean gesture result increased significantly after the back school program (39.6 +/- 23.2 % in the pre-test and 73.4 +/- 12.5 % in the post-test, p < 0.05) and was stabilized at this high level (69 +/- 18.8 %) for the control session. The patients demonstrated abilities to transfer an appropriate gesture behaviour to new tasks. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This study validated a gesture behaviour test for the patient with chronic low back pain. The use of this test during a back school program demonstrated an immediate and long lasting effect on the appropriate gesture behaviour. However the algo-functional status was increased more belatedly and more modestly.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2001

[What happens to the fibromyalgia syndrome?].

OBJECTIVE: To realize a clarification about fibromyalgia, attempting to consider diagnostic criteria, prevalence, pathophysiology and therapeutic approach. METHOD: A systematic literature search was conducted to select articles about fibromyalgia and connected diseases. The database are Premedline, Medline and Medlineplus. RESULTS: Fifty-eight articles about fibromyalgia and twelve articles about connected diseases were selected to realize this review of literature. DISCUSSION: Fibromyalgia constitutes a syndrome characterized by widespread musculo-skeletal pain, present above the waist and below the waist and in the axial skeleton. Widespread pain must have been present for at least three months. "Spasmophilie", chronic fatigue syndrome and myofascial syndrome represent diseases connected with fibromyalgia: differential diagnosis must be established. Researches related to fibromyalgia suggest a reduction of muscular performances associated with histological and biochemical anomalies. Patients are characterized by shorter and nonrestorative sleep. Psychological, neuroendocrine and central alterations appear often associated with fibromyalgia. The reduction of pressure tolerance and pain thresholds may be linked to the alterations of neuroendocrine substances. Literature recommend a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach in management of fibromyalgia. CONCLUSION: The pathophysiologic mechanisms in fibromyalgia appear multiple and interdependent. With the aim to optimizing treatment, investigations are necessary to determine biochemical repercussions of various therapeutic approaches.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Strontium ranelate increases cartilage matrix formation.

Based on previous studies showing that strontium ranelate (S12911) modulates bone loss in osteoporosis, it could be hypothesized that this drug also is effective on cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis (OA). This was investigated in vitro on normal and OA human chondrocytes treated or not treated with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta). This model mimics, in vitro, the imbalance between chondroformation and chondroresorption processes observed in vivo in OA cartilage. Chondrocytes were isolated from cartilage by enzymatic digestion and cultured for 24-72 h with 10(-4)-10(-3) M strontium ranelate, 10(-3) M calcium ranelate, or 2 x 10(-3) M SrCl2 with or without IL-1beta or insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). Stromelysin activity and stromelysin quantitation were assayed by spectrofluorometry and enzyme amplified sensitivity immunoassay (EASIA), respectively. Proteoglycans (PG) were quantified using a radioimmunoassay. Newly synthesized glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) were quantified by labeled sulfate (Na2(35)SO4) incorporation. This method allowed the PG size after exclusion chromatography to be determined. Strontium ranelate, calcium ranelate, and SrCl2 did not modify stromelysin synthesis even in the presence of IL-1beta. Calcium ranelate induced stromelysin activation whereas strontium compounds were ineffective. Strontium ranelate and SrCl2 both strongly stimulated PG production suggesting an ionic effect of strontium independent of the organic moiety. Moreover, 10(-3) M strontium ranelate increased the stimulatory effect of IGF-I (10(-9) M) on PG synthesis but did not reverse the inhibitory effect of IL-1beta. Strontium ranelate strongly stimulates human cartilage matrix formation in vitro by a direct ionic effect without stimulating the chondroresorption processes. This finding provides a preclinical basis for in vivo testing of strontium ranelate in OA.

Cartilage↗
PubMed2001

[Overtraining in endurance athletes].

Optimal training results in exercise-recovery harmonious balance. High frequency and volumic training, associated with insufficient recovery may induce overtraining. It depends on the kind of exercise but occurs mainly in endurance sports. The high frequency of upper respiratory track infection in endurance sportsmen results from a temporary immunosuppression state, possibly associated with overtraining. Many immune and haematological parameters have been associated with overtraining, but none seemed really efficient for diagnosis. Hormonal parameters, despite contradictions in studies, appear to give a good insight of athlete's staleness and are more predictive of overtraining. Actually, overtraining detection needs a combination of different parameters, and cannot sustain on isolated factors.

Endocrine System↗
PubMed2001

[Isokinetic exercise and sports injuries].

The assessment of human muscle strength is of considerable value in various pathological states with modifications of the performance level. The original concept of isokinetic dynamometry provides a precise and reliable quantification of strength. Identification of underlying deficits in bilateral and reciprocal muscle group relationships plays a great role in the treatment of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and muscle injuries. The value of this type of assessment for prevention in uninjured subjects practicing sports at risk is suggested. Rehabilitative use of isokinetic includes muscle strengthening and tendinitis treatment by means of eccentric exercises.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries↗
PubMed2001

[Stress fractures and sports].

Stress fractures are very frequent injuries which account for 10% of all consultations in sports medicine, in a majority of cases affecting the lower limbs in young adults. They can be defined as a modification of the bone structure not necessarily associated with cortical infraction which occurs in the absence of injury. They happen as a result of an imbalance between the bone's capacity for adaptation and the overloading of mechanical constraints applied. This imbalance is adjusted by different favourable factors thus explaining the individual threshold to external demands. In theory, any bone might be damaged although more frequently they are to be found at the level of the tibia or the second and third metatarsals. The clinical picture is dominated by a symptomatology of pain which appears progressively strictly mechanical at the development stage. Further medical examination will include an x-ray (late diagnosis which often gives false-negative results) but, more importantly, a scintigraphy (which is very sensitive at an early stage but which is not specific enough). More recently, MRI has been a preferred means of detection. The treatment consists of obligatory segmented rest for a period of between two and six weeks. The intensity and length of treatment vary in function of the location of the injury and the reoccurrence of pain when the offending activity is restarted again. Rest is of utmost importance in order to avoid an evolution towards a true fracture which would result in long-term isolation from sport and social activities.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed2001

[Entrapment neuropathies in sports medicine].

The more frequent entrapment neuropathies related to sport are described: thoracic outlet syndrome in aquatic athletes and pitchers, long thoracic neuropathy in tennis players, suprascapular neuropathy in volleyball and tennis players, ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow in pitchers and at the wrist in cyclists, Morton's syndrome in runners and dancers.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed2001

[Muscle electric stimulation in sports medicine].

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is frequently used to strengthen the normal muscle. In medicine, several investigators have highlighted the value of NMES when treating amyotrophy related to immobilization. The efficacy of NMES of the quadriceps during rehabilitation following anterior cruciate ligament surgery has been well documented. These electrical stimulation programs are composed of stimulation--rest cycles and are performed with the aid of percutaneous electrodes situated in regard to muscle motor points. The stimulation frequency is chosen to induce tetanic contractions and is generally situated between 50 and 100 Hz. During NMES, the trainer or the physiotherapist can accurately modulate a large number of parameters but the sensory discomfort linked to the current intensity remains the major limitation for strength improvement. In the context of rehabilitation, the association of NMES with voluntary exercises is superior to the isolated utilization of the classic program composed of isometric voluntary contractions. To explain this advantage of associating NMES with voluntary contractions, it has been hypothesized that the electrically induced contractions impose specific patterns of muscle recruitment and a particular metabolic solicitation.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries↗
PubMed2001

[Guidelines for good practice of sports activities].

The present closing article summarizes some guidelines for the good practice of physical activities in order to develop and maintain cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, and flexibility. Advice is given regarding the recommended quantity and quality of exercise in term of intensity, duration and frequency of training with the aim to optimize the risk/benefit ratio for health, in both aerobic endurance and resistance exercises. The crucial role of an appropriate warm-up and cool-down period, which would include flexibility exercises, is also emphasized. Finally, some practical examples illustrate this vademecum of physical activities.

Exercise↗
PubMed2001

[How I explore ... lumbar paraspinal muscle electromyography in the assessment of radiculopathy].

Lumbar paraspinal muscles examination is an interesting part of the electrodiagnostic evaluation of patients with suspected lumbosacral radiculopathy. However, many electromyographers hesitate to routinely include that technique in their study of lower limbs. The purpose of this paper is to specify the anatomy and electrophysiologic data of multifidus lumbar paraspinal muscle. Previous anatomic studies indicate that the medial lumbar multifidus and lumbar interspinalis muscles share unisegmental innervation by the dorsal ram of the spinal nerve. Electromyography of these muscles can improve the sensitivity of lumbosacral radiculopathy detection. Multi-MUP analysis of quantitative electromyographic parameters in lumbar paraspinal muscles, in a population of 75 healthy subjects without back pain, allowed to set up normal values for the L5 myotome.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed2000

Spatial distribution of blood flow in electrically stimulated human muscle: a positron emission tomography study.

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) was studied with positron emission tomography (PET) and H(2)(15)O in the quadriceps muscle of 11 men. The subjects were submitted to simultaneous bilateral isometric contraction (5 s)-rest (5 s) cycles for 12 min, with a workload corresponding to 5% of quadriceps maximal isometric voluntary torque (QMIVT) for one thigh (5%T) and 10% of QMIVT for the other (10%T). Scans were centered at the electrodes and tissue blood flow (TBF) was evaluated in square regions of interest (ROIs) (3.5 cm(2)) in the transverse section (TS) of both thighs. The mean TBF reached 8.9 mL min(-1) 100 g(-1) in the TS of the 5%T and 11.5 mL min(-1) 100 g(-1) in the TS of the 10%T (P > 0.05). A negative linear relationship was found for both thighs between the ROI-electrode distance and the TBF (P </= 0.009). The mean percentage of activated ROIs (TBF > 5 mL min(-1) 100 g(-1)) was lower in the 5%T than in the 10%T (50.6% vs. 62.2%; P = 0.017). With NMES, the pattern of spatial recruitment appears linked to electrode proximity and is spatially extended. These results confirm the utility of combining NMES with voluntary exercise in the treatment of atrophied muscle.

Adult↗