[Realisation of veinous graft using angioplasty].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J M Cormier.
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A venous graft of the internal iliac-artery is necessary when endarterectomy is impossible, has failed or is contra-indicated owing to the poor state of the profunda femoris artery. However we prefer a dacron prosthesis to a saphenous autograft. A venous graft may be used alone or in association with another plastic procedure, in particular aortic thrombo-endarterectomy of the common iliac artery. The saphenous vein may be used as a by pass on the external iliac artery. The authors report 90 personal cases which illustrate their concept.
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The rupture of an aneurysm of the sub-renal aorta may give rise to several clinical presentations which it is essential to recognise in order to carry out emergency operation, e.g. attack of pain, retroperitoneal hematoma, hemoperitoneum, rupture into a hollow viscus, infective aneurysm. The special characteristics of the treatment concern resuscitation, site and type of aortic clamping, aorto-caval or aorto-digestive rupture or an infective aneurysm raising special problems. It is the vascular collapse which makes the rupture serious, an aneurysm operated as an emergency without collapse, has a mortality which differs little from a non-ruptured aneurysm, e.g. 3 deaths out of 55 operated cases. On the other hand, out of 44 aneurysms operated in acute collapse, there were 31 deaths. The complications observed are linked to the latter, e.g. cerebro-vascular accidents, acute coronary ischemia, acute ishemia of the limbs, which may also be due to embolism during operation, renal complications due to renal shock. The prevention of these complications has permitted us to reduce mortality by 40 p. 100 the last 5 years.
The use of a mixed dacron-vein by-pass is a technical device permitting one to palliate the impossibility of using exclusively venous material. 33 by-passes were thus carried out:--30 distal by-passes;--3 proximal by-passes. The interest of this technique is the possibility of implanting on a small caliber artery, e.g. profunda femoris, popliteal or femoral artery. The main technical point is the immediate anastomosis. Since this article was drawn-up, the indications for this procedure have been multiplied and, over a period of six months, we carried out 32 new mixed by-passes.--27 proximal by-passes;--5 distal by-passes.
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38 patients with severe chronic arteritis of the lower limbs were treated with streptokinase intermittently. All had been refused for surgical operation. One patient died, 4 others had early interruption of treatment. Eleven of the 38 patients had efficient thrombolysis confirmed by arteriography. The facts confirm the possibility of thrombolysis during chronic arterial disease. The fact that the aggravation was recent was favourable factor in prognosis. The eleven patients improved, had severe aggravation of symptomes for less than 2 months. Thus thrombolytic treatment has a place of choice in the treatment of severe arterial disease where surgery is impossible, or dangerous, owing to the uncertain state of the vascular bed below the lesion. Efficacious, it permits reconstructive surgery in cases where it had been at first refused. The use of intermittent treatment, apart from advantages of confort and cost, seems to increase the efficacy of treatment.
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