Correspondence: Operating room flash fire.
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Anesthesia, General↗
Biomedical subjects
J M Bruner
Publications and source records attributed to J M Bruner.
Electrical incidents in a large hospital: a 42 month register.
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Accident Prevention↗
Automated indirect blood pressure measurement--a point of view.
A review of a recent American Hospital Association guideline report on automated indirect blood pressure measurement devices prompted the author's reflections on the general efficacy of this technology and on the preoccupation of modern medicine with "high technology." He urges physicians to moderate their increasing reliance on technology and to more critically assess the actual vs perceived benefits of the ever-more-sophisticated electronic monitoring tools available in the health care marketplace.
American Hospital Association↗
Comparison of direct and indirect measuring arterial blood pressure.
Blood pressure measurements can be obtained in the clinical setting by a variety of methods, direct and indirect, but with varying results. Disparities between direct and indirect blood pressure measurements are due in part to physiological considerations, but are largely conditioned by the frequency of the recording system. In this, the first of three parts, the authors conclude that comparative studies of direct and indirect blood pressure fall into two groups, those resulting in close agreement between methods, and those that do not. Subsequent issues will include recommendations for further study (part II, March-April 1981), and will examine their own study of a group of patients undergoing surgery (part III, May-June 1981).
Blood Pressure Determination↗
Comparison of direct and indirect methods of measuring arterial blood pressure, part II.
Blood pressure measurements can be obtained in the clinical setting by a variety of methods, direct and indirect, but with varying results. Disparities between direct and indirect blood pressure measurements are due in part to physiological considerations, but are largely conditioned by the frequency response of the recording system. In this, the second of three part, the authors conclude that there is no easy solution to the problems confronting direct measurement of blood pressure, and that the interim course seems to be insistence upon definition of the characteristics of measurement systems employed in producing investigative data. Part I (Med. Instrum. January-February 1981) concluded that comparative studies of direct and indirect blood pressure fall into two groups--those resulting in close agreement between methods, and those that do not. In part III (May-June 1981), the authors will examine their own study of a group of patients undergoing surgery.
Blood Pressure Determination↗
Comparison of direct and indirect methods of measuring arterial blood pressure, part III.
Blood pressure measurements can be obtained in the clinical setting by a variety of methods, direct and indirect, but with varying results. Disparities between direct and indirect blood pressure measurements are due in part to physiological considerations, but are largely conditioned by the frequency response of the recording system. In this, the final part of a three-part series comparing blood pressure measuring techniques, the authors examine their own study of a group of patients undergoing surgery, and conclude that their study confirmed that was already known: direct measurements of systolic pressure correlate rather poorly with indirect measurements. In part I (Med. Instrum. January-February 1981), the authors concluded that comparative studies of direct and indirect blood pressure fall into two groups-those resulting in close agreement between methods, and those that do not. In part II (Med. Instrum. March-April 1981), they concluded that there is no easy solution to the problems confronting direct measurement of blood pressure, and that the, interim course seems to be insistence upon definition of the characteristics of measurement system employed in producing investigative data.
Adult↗
The effect of high dose vitamin A on the morphology and proliferative activity of xenograft lung and head and neck cancer.
In vitro studies have suggested that vitamin A lowers invasive potential of squamous cell carcinoma. Epidemiological data have also indicated that high dose vitamin A may improve survival in patients with previously resected lung carcinoma. To our knowledge, no studies have attempted to test the in vivo effect of vitamin A on the morphology and growth rate of lung and head and neck cancer. Freshly resected tumor cell suspensions were obtained by ex vivo fine needle aspiration and injected subcutaneously in duplicate in athymic male nude mice. Two to six weeks post-engraftment tests and controls were separated for each xenograft. Mice with test xenografts were given water soluble vitamin A (Aquasol ATM, Astra pharmaceutical, Westborough, MA, U.S.A) at a dose of 10,000 U/Kg/day intraperitoneally for 6 to 10 weeks (median 8 weeks). One to two hours prior to sacrifice bromodexouridine (BrdU) was injected intraperitoneally to assess the S-phase fraction in both test and control xenografts. Blood vitamin A levels in test and control animals were measured after sacrifice using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Sections of test and control xenografts were routinely stained to assess morphologic differentiation and mitotic counts. Unstained sections of xenografts were immunostained by the antibody to BrdU to test for BrdU labeling index (BLI) reflecting S-phase fraction (SPF) and also by the MIB-1 antibody to assess proliferative activity. Eighteen tumors were studied. These included 9 squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, 5 squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck, and 4 adenocarcinomas of the lung. Blood levels of vitamin A in test animals were 7 to 23 times those of the control animals (median 13 times). Neovascularization of the xenografts was seen in all cases. The morphology and mitotic activity of the test and control xenografts showed no significant difference. SPF and proliferative activity measured by BrdU and MIB-1 immunolabelling respectively showed no significant difference between test and control xenografts. Our study suggests that there is no significant in vivo effect of high dose vitamin A on the morphology and growth rate of xenografted non small cell carcinoma of the lung or squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
Adenocarcinoma↗