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Biomedical subjects

J Lundgren

Publications and source records attributed to J Lundgren.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma: report of three cases with pulmonary and lymph node metastases.

Three cases of a newly described rare odontogenic tumor are reported. One patient died with pulmonary metastases, one had an associated odontogenic cyst and one exhibited regional lymph node metastasis. The cases lend support to the odontogenic origin and metastatic capability of the clear cell odontogenic tumor. The authors recommend aggressive therapy and believe that the tumor should be considered a clear cell odontogenic carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Malignant tumours in patients with non-invasive squamous cell lesions of the vocal cords.

The concept of 'field cancerization' is applicable throughout the upper aerodigestive tract, oesophagus and lung. The material for this study consisted of 232 patients with hyperplasia, keratosis with or without dysplasia, and carcinoma in situ of the vocal cords. The overall risk for these patients with non-invasive squamous cell lesions of the vocal cords to have or to develop an independent, primary malignant tumour was 12.9% (30/232). Carcinomas of the head and neck, lung or oesophagus were diagnosed in 8.2% (19/232) of the patients. Patients with hyperplasia, keratosis, dysplasia and carcinoma in situ of the vocal cords should be carefully followed-up, not only as progression to invasive carcinoma may occur many years after the initial diagnosis, but also as there is a high incidence of independent primary tumours, especially of the multicentric type.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1987

Aminolaevulinate dehydratase porphyria in infancy. A clinical and biochemical study.

Homozygous deficiency of aminolaevulinate dehydratase (porphobilinogen synthase, EC 4.2.1.24) was diagnosed in a small child. The clinical presentation was unique since severe symptoms were already present in the neonatal period. The patient, a boy, now three-years old, had recurrent attacks of pain, vomiting, hyponatraemia and symptoms of polyneuropathy engaging motor functions including respiration. The clinical course of the disease from birth on is related, as are the results of various attempts at therapy. The patient excreted large amounts of 5-aminolaevulinic acid and coproporphyrin and minor amounts of porphobilinogen in the urine. Faecal excretion of coproporphyrin and harderoporphyrin was increased as was erythrocyte porphyrin concentration. Diagnosis was established by the finding that erythrocyte aminolaevulinate dehydratase activity was less than 5 per cent of normal in the patient and between 26 and 51 per cent of normal in both the parents, the grandfathers and a sibling. The activity of the enzyme could not be restored by the addition of dithiothreitol (10(-3) mol/l) alone, or in combination with zinc or manganese in varying concentrations. The enzyme Km did not differ between affected and nonaffected members of the family.

Aminolevulinic Acid↗
PubMed1987

The effects of endorphins on mucous glycoprotein secretion from feline airways in vitro.

The effect of opioid peptide hormones on respiratory glycoprotein secretion was investigated in a cat tracheal organ culture system. Dynorphin A (dyn, 10(-5) M), alpha-endorphin (alpha E, 10(-5) M) and morphine sulfate (MS, 10(-4) M) stimulated mucous glycoprotein (MGP) release from airways, whereas all other endorphins tested failed to have such an effect. Dyn did so in a dose dependent manner (10(-5)-10(-7) M) with a peak effect after a one hour incubation. Two sets of data suggest that dyn is acting through the previously described endorphin-kappa receptor: The active binding site of dyn is at the carboxyl end of the peptide; dyn fragment 1-13 stimulated MGP secretion while dyn fragment 1-8 did not. Naloxone in equimolar concentration totally inhibited the dyn response. We, therefore, conclude that the endorphins dyn and alpha E stimulate MGP release and that dyn is probably acting by stimulating kappa receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Enzymatic defect in a child with hereditary hepatic porphyria due to homozygous delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase deficiency: immunochemical studies.

Immunochemical studies of the enzyme defect in the first reported child with acute hepatic porphyria due to homozygous delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase deficiency are described. This enzyme activity was markedly decreased (approximately 2% of the normal control level) in the proband, a 3-year-old boy, and intermediately decreased (23% to 57%) in both parents, in both grandfathers, and in a sister, but it was normal in two siblings and in both grandmothers. In contrast to the profound decrease in delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity, the immunoreactive enzyme protein in the child's erythrocytes was decreased to only 28% of the normal control level, suggesting the presence of positive cross-reactive material. In other family members with abnormally decreased delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity, and in the proband immediately after transfusion of normal RBCs, the positive cross-reactive material was not detectable. The immunochemical and enzyme activity data support the idea that delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase deficiency in this porphyric child is associated with the production of a catalytically abnormal enzyme protein.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1986

Hypertetraploid cells in vocal cord epithelia.

DNA measurements yield information about the nature of cells and may provide diagnostic and prognostic information. Static cytofluorometry was performed on smears removed at microlaryngoscopy from 107 vocal cord lesions (96 patients). All stem cell lines were diploid except 3; 2 carcinomas and 1 severe dysplasia were polyploid. The mean proliferative activity (percentage of nuclei greater than diploid peak) was 2.1% for the group of epithelia with hyperplasia and mild dysplasia, 3.1% for those with moderate dysplasia, 4.0% for severe dysplasia, and 6.8% for carcinomas. Hypertetraploid cell nuclei (HT cells) were not found in epithelia with hyperplasia and mild dysplasia. Seven out of 15 patients with epithelia showing moderate dysplasia had HT cells; 5 of these patients developed a carcinoma. One of 8 without HT cells developed a severe dysplasia. Nine patients with severe dysplasia had HT cells; 4 had recurrences and 4 developed carcinoma within 4 years. In 14 patients without HT cells, 3 had recurrences and 1 developed a carcinoma 6 years later. HT cells were found in 15 patients with T1 & T2 carcinomas; residual carcinoma was present in 2 after radiotherapy and 4 had recurrences within 11 months. Fourteen patients with T1 & T2 carcinoma did not have any HT cells; one had residual carcinoma after radiotherapy and 3 had recurrences between 18 months and 4 years. DNA measurements and, especially, the demonstration of epithelia with HT cells prove to be of prognostic importance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Multiple primary malignancies in patients treated for laryngeal carcinoma.

Multiple primary malignancies were found in 32 of 295 consecutive patients (10.8%) treated for carcinoma of the larynx. Synchronously developing second primary lesions were found in four patients while metachronously presenting lesions were diagnosed in 28. Second and third primary tumors were most commonly found in the larynx (11 patients, all with extralaryngeal index lesions) and lung (11 patients). The results of this retrospective study confirm the high incidence of multicentric neoplasia in the upper aero-digestive tract, lungs and esophagus. The rationale for including broncho-esophagoscopy in the evaluation of patients with laryngeal index tumors is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Cholesterol granuloma of the maxillary and frontal sinuses.

5 cases of cholesterol granuloma are described, 3 within the maxillary sinuses and 2 within the frontal sinuses. The lesions arise from the mucosa and can be recognized on plain films and tomograms of the sinus as opacity, sometimes resembling a mucocele. Radical operation seems to give absolute cure without any recurrence. The pathogenesis is hemorrhage and/or filtration. The closed cavities of the paranasal sinuses provide favorable conditions for cholesterol to become dissociated from the lipoprotein complex and to precipitate and to give rise to a granulomatous reaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Patient care review: results of the Canadian Psychiatric Association Hospital Survey.

This paper is a report of the Education and Professional Liaison Council of the Canadian Psychiatric Association on the results of its questionnaire to 104 psychiatric hospital facilities in Canada on the extent, type and usefulness of patient care review procedures. The results indicate that the majority of hospitals appear to have initiated one or more patient care review activities within the last decade and have been carrying these out on a regular basis. These procedures have been considered useful for patient care and for continuing medical education. Both the frequency of patient care review activity and the type of procedure used, however, are directly related to the number of psychiatrists present in the center, with those hospitals having the least resources indicating little or no activity.

Canada↗
PubMed1984

Photometric studies on nuclear DNA content and area in different laryngeal epithelia.

A photometric study of different laryngeal epithelia was performed. The nuclear DNA content and area for epithelia with keratosis, hyperplasia, and moderate dysplasia were comparable to normal. These lesions cannot therefore be considered to be premalignant photometrically. The photometric values for carcinoma in situ and severe dysplasia were comparable to that for invasive carcinoma. Long-term follow-up has to be performed to evaluate the biological significance of these different lesions.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1983

Single-cell DNA measurement in hyperplastic, dysplastic and carcinomatous laryngeal epithelia, with special reference to the occurrence of hypertetraploid cell nuclei.

Single-cell DNA fluorometry was performed on smear preparations from 57 histologically verified lesions from the vocal cords. Special attention was paid to the detection of hypertetraploid cell nuclei, which may be considered neoplastic markers, since they are not present in normal vocal cord epithelium. Hypertetraploid nuclei were not found in hyperplastic or mildly dysplastic epithelia but were found in 4 of 14 specimens of moderate dysplasia and in 5 of 19 specimens of severe dysplasia. The presence of hypertetraploid nuclei was associated with more frequent recurrences and progression of disease. Hypertetraploid cell nuclei were found in 9 of 15 invasive carcinomas and in this group were associated with a worse prognosis. The proliferative activity was 1.7% for hyperplasia and mild dysplasia, 3.1% and 2.8%, respectively, for moderate and severe dysplasia and 7.6% for squamous-cell carcinoma.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1982

Hyperplasia, keratosis, dysplasia and carcinoma in situ of the vocal cords--a follow-up study.

Comparison of reported series of laryngeal lesions is complicated by the inconsistency in the terminology. The classification of these lesions should logically be based on the degrees of dysplasia, as this has a bearing on the prognosis. The material for this study consisted of 193 patients with hyperplasia and/or keratosis, with or without mild dysplasia (Group I), moderate dysplasia (Group II), and severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ (Group III). They were treated over a 14-year period (1966-1979) at Linköping University Hospital. Of the 98 patients in Group I available for follow-up, 23 had repeat excisions. Moderate dysplasia developed in 3 patients, severe dysplasia in 2, and invasive carcinoma in another 2 within 3 and 3.5 years; they both underwent laryngectomy. Among the 24 patients in Group II available for follow-up, severe dysplasia developed in 3 and invasive carcinoma in 3 up to 13 years after the initial diagnosis, all but one (with severe dysplasia) received a full course of radiotherapy, on one case total laryngectomy was subsequently performed for recurrent carcinoma. Of the 39 patients with severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ 16 were given primary radiotherapy; 4 of these developed invasive carcinoma; 3 of them underwent total laryngectomy and one partial laryngectomy. Excision or stripping of the vocal cords was the primary treatment in 23 cases; 5 of these developed invasive carcinoma; 2 of them underwent total laryngectomy. Diffuse lesions and well differentiated forms of severe dysplasia caused most problems and had the highest incidence of invasive carcinoma irrespective of the form of treatment. Patients with hyperplasia, keratosis, dysplasia and carcinoma in situ should be carefully followed up, as invasive carcinoma may develop many years after the initial diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Site of brain lesion and functional capacity in rehabilitated hemiplegics.

Degree of motor impairment, some sensory qualities and self-care ADL were registered in 53 patients with hemisyndrome due to stroke in whom the brain lesion could be visualized by computerized tomography or by cerebral angiography. Central brain damage (internal capsule, basal ganglia, thalamus) resulted in significantly higher degree of motor impairment than neo-cortical damage, while the size of the damage apparently did not influence the motor-function. Self-care ADL was significantly associated with level of motor impairment. Moreover, significantly less final recovery of exteroception and kinesthesia was observed for lesions in the non-dominant than the dominant hemisphere. It is suggested that in patients found suited for admittance to rehabilitation wards visualization of the brain damage may be a useful adjunct when stating the goals for the rehabilitation process.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1982

The role of smear cytology in laryngeal diagnosis.

There may be great difficulty especially in diffuse lesions, in obtaining representative laryngeal biopsy specimens. Therefore the reliability of laryngeal smear cytology was evaluated in comparison with the histologic diagnosis. The cytologic specimens were taken during 520 microlaryngoscopic examinations (direct technique). The sensitivity of the direct cytologic method in the detection of moderate dysplasia, severe dysplasia-carcinoma in situ, and invasive carcinoma was 45% (17/38), 83% (59/71), and 93% (137/147), respectively. A false negative cytologic reading was more frequent after radiotherapy. The specificity of the direct cytologic technique in the detection of histologically "benign" lesions was 80% (210/264). In 23 patients cytologic smears were obtained at mirror laryngoscopy (indirect technique). Both the direct and indirect cytologic tests are easy to perform, quick, and may be of diagnostic value in laryngeal diagnosis, especially in screening examinations. However, cytology cannot supersede the histological examination of biopsy specimens.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Exfoliative cytology in laryngology: comparison of cytologic and histologic diagnoses in 350 microlaryngoscopic examinations--a prospective study.

In a prospective study comprising 350 microlaryngoscopic examinations, the reliability of exfoliative cytologic diagnosis was evaluated in comparison with the histologic findings. In 157 of 190 lesions with histologically moderate and severe dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, and invasive carcinoma, the cytologic smears were positive. The sensitivity of the exfoliative cytologic method in the detection of "malignant" lesions was thus 83%. False-negative smears were more common after radiotherapy and in the group with moderate dysplasia. In 134 of 160 histologically benign lesions, the cytologic evaluation was negative. The specificity of the smear test was thus 84%. In at least one case the cytologic examination disclosed true malignancy that had been overlooked at biopsy.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1981

Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the larynx.

Extramedullary plasmacytomas, indistinguishable histologically from multiple myeloma, are fairly uncommon tumors, which are most frequently located in the upper airways. However, the larynx is rarely involved. Ten per cent of reported cases have multiple lesions. The patient reported here had a plasmacytoma of the right false vocal cord which was removed by laryngofissure one month after irradiation treatment (50 Gy) since the tumor showed only a slight regression. Tonsillectomy was performed for another plasmacytoma of the left tonsil. The patient has now been followed for seven years, and there has been no evidence of systemic disease.

Hoarseness↗