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Biomedical subjects

J Ludwig

Publications and source records attributed to J Ludwig.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Malignant histiocytosis as a terminal condition in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia rarely develops an acute blastic phase as a terminal complication. When it does, the blastic phase is characterized by the appearance of large, immature cells with the same immunologic markers as the cells in the chronic phase of chronic lymphocytic leukemia; this coexistence of mature lymphocytes and blastic forms in chronic lymphocytic leukemia has been termed "Richter's syndrome." In a patient of ours with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, the development of a presumed large cell lymphoma was recognized on both bone marrow aspiration and biopsy examination, but later the condition was proved to be a true histiocytic neoplasm (malignant histiocytosis) by cytochemical and immunohistochemical techniques. We are unaware of another reported instance of malignant histiocytosis as a terminal complication of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and mimicking Richter's syndrome.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Liver biopsy diagnosis of unsuspected or unconfirmed lymphoproliferative or myeloproliferative disorders.

Review of 2,400 consecutive percutaneous liver biopsy specimens revealed 3 (0.1%) with morphologically unequivocal but clinically unsuspected or unconfirmed malignant lymphomas and 20 (0.8%) with infiltrates suggestive of or compatible with lymphoproliferative or myeloproliferative disorders. These diagnoses were subsequently confirmed in 7 of the 20 cases, whereas in 4 the nature of the infiltrates and the outcome remain undecided. In the remaining 9 cases, inflammatory sinusoidal infiltrates had been erroneously suspected to represent lymphoproliferative or myeloproliferative disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Mayo Clinic experiences with a hitherto unnamed disease.

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is a poorly understood and hitherto unnamed liver disease that histologically mimics alcoholic hepatitis and that also may progress to cirrhosis. Described here are findings in 20 patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis of unknown cause. The biopsy specimens were characterized by the presence of striking fatty changes with evidence of lobular hepatitis, focal necroses with mixed inflammatory infiltrates, and, in most instances, Mallory bodies; Evidence of fibrosis was found in most specimens, and cirrhosis was diagnosed in biopsy tissue from three patients. The disease was more common in women. Most patients were moderately obese, and many had obesity-associated diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and cholelithiasis. Presence of hepatomegaly and mild abnormalities of liver function were common clinical findings. Currently, we know of no effective therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Drug effects on the liver: a tabular compilation of drugs and drug-related hepatic diseases.

Geneic and chemical names of drugs and the possible adverse effects of these drugs on the human liver were tabulated. All drugs compiled in these tables have been approved by the Federal Drug Administration. They are currently available in the United States, and they are listed in the 1979 Physicians' Desk Reference. The tables include: (1) names of drugs that have caused a characteristic morphologic change, such as cholestatic lobular hepatitis; (2) morphologic diagnoses that have been documented after administration of each drug; and (3) references that can be matched to each drug and to its effects on the liver.

Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury↗
PubMed1979

Carcinoma of the gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary ducts in Rochester, Minnesota, 1935--1971.

Because the causes of carcinoma of the gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary ducts are largely unknown, a descriptive epidemiologic study has been developed. The extensive record system at the Mayo Clinic for the population of Rochester, Minnesota, provided the basis for this study of the incidence, secular trend, pathologic features, relationship with gallstones, and survivorship of patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary ducts in the period 1935 through 1971. The mean annual incidence rate of carcinoma of the gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary ducts was 4.4 (3.1 for men and 5.4 for women) per 100,000 population. The rates increased rapidly with age in both males and females. For the 51 known deaths, the death certificates listed carcinoma of the gallbladder or extrahepatic biliary ducts, or both, as the underlying cause of death in 39 cases and as a contributory cause in three. The frequencies of gallstones in females (75%) and males (62%) were significantly higher than the expected numbers.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Cancer of the pancreas in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1935-1974.

All confirmed cases of pancreatic carcinoma in bona fida residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, from 1935 through 1974 were identified and reviewed. The average annual age-adjusted incidence rates were 7.4 for males and 3.5 for females per 100,000 population. Rates increased with age for both sexes and increased slightly over the 40-year period of study, with lower incidence rates observed for rural inhabitants in the first 2 decades. At the time of diagnosis, almost 75% of patients were 60 years of age or older and adenocarcinoma was histologically identified in 92% of the cases. One-year survival was 11%, and all patients died within 3 years of the initial diagnosis. An association between pancreatic carcinoma and diabetes was noted. There does not appear to be a clear association with cholelithiasis or chronic pancreatitis. There was a high percentage (20%) of multiple primary carcinomas and an overrepresentation of metal workers observed among patients with pancreatic carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Copper stains and the syndrome of primary biliary cirrhosis. Evaluation of staining methods and their usefulness for diagnosis and trials of penicillamine treatment.

Use of Shikata's stain was found to be a sensitive method for the demonstration of copper-protein complexes, but use of the rhodamine stain may be more reliable. Interobserver agreement was slightly better with Shikata's stain. Hepatic copper increased with the histologic progression of chronic nonsuppurative destructive cholangitis (CNDC). All specimens that contained Mallory bodies and most specimens (91%) that contained bile yielded positive copper stains. No correlation was found between positive copper stains and other histologic features. A strongly positive copper stain aided in the diagnosis of CNDC. All specimens with negative copper stains contained less than 250 microgram of copper per gram of dry weight. From a strongly positive copper stain, the chemical copper content could not be predicted with certainty. Shikata's method seemed adequate to evaluate penicillamine treatment trials.

Adult↗