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Biomedical subjects

J Lu

Publications and source records attributed to J Lu.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Effects of insulin and captopril on growth of glomerular mesangial cells in STZ-induced diabetic rats].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of insulin and captopril on growth of mesangial cells and on production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in culture media of glomerular cells. METHOD: Streptozocin induced diabetic rats (DM rats) were compared with normal wistar rats. RESULTS: The CPM value of 3H-TdR incorporated into mesangial cells in DM rats was significantly higher than that in Wistar rats. When the culture media was added by 5 x 10(-4) U/ml, 5 x 10(-3) U/ml and 5 x 10(-1) U/ml of insulin, the CPM value incorporated into mesangial cells and the concentration of IL-6 in the culture media of both DM and wistar rats were significantly higher than those of the control (no insulin). When captopril (10(-6) mol/L, 10(-4) mol/L, 10(-3) mol/L) was added into the media in different concentration, the cpm value of 3H-TdR and the concentration of TNF in DM rats were significantly lower than those of the control (no captopril). But the CPM value of 3H-TdR in Wistar rats was lower than that in the control, which was only seen in the concentration of 10(-3)M captopril. CONCLUSION: Ins could promote 3H-TdR in corporation and increase the production of IL-6, and captopril inhibited 3H-TdR in corporation and decrease the production of TNF.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Anatomic considerations of an anterior approach to the sacroiliac joint.

This anatomic study was performed on 25 disarticulated pelves and 10 embalmed cadavers to evaluate an anterior approach to the sacroiliac joint. The angle of inclination of the superior limb of the sacroiliac joint was 15 degrees superolateral to inferomedial in the sagittal plane, and the inferior limb was parallel to the sagittal plane. The cranial lateral part of the ala overlapped the joint space and the adjacent part of the ilium. Elevation of a rectangular bone block on the cranial part of the ala removed the joint space from the superior limb and provided direct access to the joint space of the inferior limb.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1996

Anatomic considerations of halo pin placement.

In the present study, the anatomic location of supraorbital and greater occipital nerves and their branches was quantitatively determined with regard to halo pin placement, and a safe zone for anterolateral and posterolateral halo pins was defined to minimize neurologic damage. The mean distance between the midline and the lateral branches of supraorbital nerve and greater occipital nerve was 3.9 +/- 0.4 cm and 4.8 +/- 0.6 cm on the left side and 3.9 +/- 0.5 cm and 4.8 +/- 0.6 cm on the right, respectively. The mean angles of lateral branches of supraorbital and greater occipital nerves with respect to sagittal plane were 26.0 degrees +/- 6.0 degrees and 38.0 degrees +/- 5.0 degrees on the left side and 25.0 degrees +/- 4.0 degrees and 38.0 degrees +/- 4.0 degrees on the right, respectively. The supraorbital and greater occipital nerves and their branches are safe when the halo pins are placed at sites 4.5 cm and 6.0 cm lateral to the anterior and posterior midlines.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Presence of free radicals in pigment gallstone in vivo.

OBJECTIVE: To clarify whether free radical, which may play a role in pigment gallstone formation, is present in pigment gallstones in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Free radical signal of gallstones from 18 patients was detected by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy at 77K under anaerobic condition and in air (control). As soon as the anaerobic determination was finished, the fresh anaerobic sample was exposed to air and stored in a freezer at -20 degrees C. RESULTS: Free radical signal (g = 2.0038) was detected in fresh anaerobic samples containing more than 2% bilirubin compound, and the signal intensity correlated linearly with the content of calcium bilirubinate (r = +0.95, P < 0.0005). During the storage at -20 degrees C and exposure to air, the signal intensity of each anaerobic sample and its control increased gradually, eventually reaching the same stable level. Fe(III) signal intensity was enhanced synchronously and related linearly with free radical signal (r = +0.99, P < 0.0005). CONCLUSIONS: Free radical exists originally in pigment gallstones in vivo, and it may play an important role in pigment gallstone formation. The free radical signal carried by gallstones may be strengthened by the action of oxygen in air on bilirubin. The transition metal ions probably take part in the formation of bilirubin free radical.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1996

Effects of the combined oral administration of NSAIDs and dextromethorphan on behavioral symptoms indicative of arthritic pain in rats.

The effects of combined single oral treatments with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and the non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist dextromethorphan (DM) on arthritic pain were examined in a rat model of adjuvant-induced arthritis. Although 12.5-100 mg/kg doses of DM alone produced no reliable effects, treatments with ibuprofen (IB, 50 and 100 mg/kg but not 12.5 or 25 mg/kg) produced mild analgesia in arthritic rats as determined using the Randall-Sellito test. IB showed a dose-response relationship which appeared to plateau at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg. Adding 50 mg/kg DM to each IB dose resulted in significantly greater analgesic activity than IB alone at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg. A similar interaction between 50 mg/kg DM and 50 mg/kg IB occurred with respect to spontaneous pain behavior. Adding 25 mg/kg DM to 25 mg/kg IB likewise increased analgesia as measured by both the Randall-Sellito and spontaneous pain behavior tests (both P < 0.05). Five more NSAIDs were evaluated using the Randall-Sellito test, which included naproxen (NP), piroxicam (PIR), etodolac (ET), diclofenac (DC), and ketorolac (KE). For all six NSAIDS, the addition of 50 mg/kg DM reliably increased their analgesic potency, as indicated by reliable increases in previously effective NSAID doses (all six NSAIDs) as well as previously ineffective NSAID doses (IB, NP, DC, and PIR). These data demonstrate that DM greatly potentiates the analgesic activity of IB, DC, NP, PIR, ET, and KT and increases the peak effect over the NSAIDs alone. Similiar to DM's previously demonstrated enhancement of opioid analgesia in acute pain, the combination of DM and an NSAID may represent a novel analgesic approach to improved management of arthritic pain.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1996

[Clinical study on immunotherapy of ovarian cancer with tumor infiltrating lymphocytes].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate clinical usage of ovarian tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. METHODS: Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were isolated by cold digestion method, specimens being taken from: (1) infiltrating node on tumor surface. (2) the tumor proper. (3) the ovarian tissue. A randomized, double-blind study on two groups on ovarian cancer, totally 25 patients was conducted. The first group was given TIL and chemotherapy and the second group was given chemotherapy only. RESULT: The yields of infiltrating node on tumor surface were the highest (7.24 x 10(5)), in the tumor proper (2.49 x 10(5)), and in the ovarian tissue the lowest (2.07 x 10(5)). Growth of TIL in nodes on tumor surface increased 3,000 fold, in ovarian tissues and in tumor proper 2500 and 2000 times respectively. The most efficient killing activity was also presented in the infiltrating-nodes on tumor surface. CA125 decreased significantly, tumor regressed in two patients on follow-up by ultrasound, and ascites disappeared completely after one course of chemotherapy and TILs infusion. CONCLUSION: The yields of TIL in infiltrating nodes on tumor surface and their efficiency in killing activity were higher than those in tumor proper and ovarian tissues, and the infiltrating nodes on tumor surface were considered the best sites for obtaining specimens.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

[The influence of perindopril on intrarenal RAS in experimental diabetic rats].

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of perindopril on the intrarenal renin angiotensin system (RAS) in diabetic rats. METHODS: Diabetes of rats was induced by a single injection of STZ. The rats were treated with perindopril (1 mg.kg-1.d-1) and the controls were given insulin only. Plasma and intrarenal renin activity (PRA, TRA) and angiotensin I (PAT I, TATII) were measured by radioimmunoassay in the diabetic rats at 1, 3, 6 months. Message RNA (mRNA) expression of renal angiotensinogen (TATO) and TATII receptor (TATII R) was assessed by slot blot hybridization. RESULTS: At 6 month, TATII levels in the control group were significantly decreased compared with those of normal controls (P < 0.05), and TATII levels in perindopril treated rats were decreased remarkedly compared with those of the control group (P < 0.01). TRA was not different among the three groups at 3 to 6 months (P > 0.05). In slot blot hybridization TATII R mRNA expression in the control group was markedly increased compared with that of perindopril treated and normal control groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). TATO mRNA expression was not different among the three groups (P > 0.05) during the experimental period. CONCLUSION: The abnormalities of intrarenal RAS existed in STZ induced diabetic rats, including the decrement of TATII content and the enhancement of TATII R mRNA expression. Perindopril could further decrease the level of intrarenal TATII, and inhibit its receptor mRNA expression.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1996

[Preoperative intraluminal 5-FU osmosis chemotherapy as an adjuvant to radical resection for rectal cancer].

Patients with rectal cancer of stage dukes B and C were randomized into two groups. In osmosis chemotherapy group 86 patients were treated by radical resection plus adjuvent preoperative intraluminal 5-FU osmosis chemotherapy at the area of tumor. In control group 74 patients were treated by radical resection alone. There were high concentration of 5-FU in the cancer, mucosa and lymph node around the cancer and mesenterica inferior venae, and the lower in a round venae. After the chemotherapy the symptoms were improved without side-effects, the II-III grade at pathological change was 83%, the cancer regression more than 50 was 38%. Compared the two groups osmosis chemotherapy raised 14% at radical resection and reduced 22%, 11%, 22% at local recurrence and metastasis of lymph nodes and liver. The 3-, 5-year survival rates (81.1%, 69.6%) were higher than 19.2%, 26.7% in the control group.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

[Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension and coronary heart disease in the subjects with abnormal glucose metabolism].

The prevalence and risk factors of hypertension and coronary heart disease (CHD) in subjects with abnormal glucose metabolism (AGM) were studied in a population of 29,960 in the Capital Iron and Steel Corporation. The results showed that the prevalences of hypertension and CHD were 37.37% and 9.32% in diabetes group and 29.88% and 6.25% in impaired glucose tolerance group respectively. Both aging and obesity were the risk factors for AGM, hypertension and CHD. Hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia were related to the occurrence of hypertension and CHD. Our results indicate that the prevalence of CHD and hypertension is significantly increased in AGM subjects, and they have many other risk factors of cardiovascular disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[A pathological study of goat multiple organ failure model].

We succeeded in replication a standardized goat model of multiple organ failure (MOF). In the experimentation, the animals were monitored and supported with facilities pertaining to a human intensive care unit, with constant infusion of LPS into portal vein following trauma and hemorrhagic shock. The main organs of MOF goats were observated by the light microscopy and electronmicroscopy, including the lungs, hearts, livers, kidneys, intestines and spleens. The results showed that there were some areas of spotty and mass necrosis in the organ parenchyma with inflammatory cell infiltration. Our studies suggested that once the clinical multiple organ failure, severe pathological changs occur in organs.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Medullary mechanism of the inhibition on renal sympathetic efferent activities by stimulation of the cervical vagal afferent nerve in rabbits].

Experiments were performed on 63 rabbits anesthetized with pentobarbital, paralyzed with gallamine triethiodide and ventiled artifically. Ipsilateral renal sympathetic nerve discharge (RSND), unit discharges of rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVL), caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVL) and blood pressure (BP) were recorded. The sympatho-inhibitory response were evoked by stimulation of the central end of vagal nerve (CVN) (731/788 exp.). The inhibitory duration is 3.6 +/- 0.185 s. The responses vary with the functional state of the CNS. The RSND inhibitory duration could be shortened or prolonged, depending on the excitatory background of RSND or the basal sympathetic tonic activity. The results indicate that CVN-induced inhibitory of RSND may be mediated, at least partly, by excitation of NTS and CVL, which results, in turn, in depressing RVL and final reduction of sympathetic efferent activity.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1996

[A study of insulin sensitivity and its related factors in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance].

In order to evaluate insulin sensitivity and its related factors in abnormal glucose tolerance, 572 cases of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 647 cases of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 543 normal controls were studied. The results showed that fasting insulin levels (FIns) and the prevalence of hyperinsulinemia were higher in NIDDM than that in IGT and higher in IGT than that in normal controls (P < 0.01). Insulin sensitivity index (ISI) [-ln(FInx x fasting blood glucose)] ranked from high to low in the order of normal controls, IGT subjects, newly-diagnosed NIDDM patients and patients with known NIDDM (P < 0.01). In each group ISI was smaller in obese subjects or patients than in non-obese ones. Mono-factor analysis demonstrated that ISI in each group was negatively related to body mass index (BMI) and positively related to high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol. ISI in NIDDM and IGT group was negatively related to blood pressure. Multiple analysis showed that the ISI had significantly negative correlation with BMI and some correlation with blood pressure and blood lipids. In conclusion, the patients with abnormal glucose tolerance had hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. ISI was related to some risk factors of vascular diseases.

Body Mass Index↗
PubMed1996

[Kindling of rat epilepsy by intracerebroventricular injection of norfloxacin and ultrastructural changes of brain].

AIM: To study the toxic effects of norfloxacin (Nor) on EEG and ultrastructure of the brain. METHODS: EEG was recorded in the sensorimotor area of rat cortex after Nor 150 and 300 micrograms.kg-1 were injected into the right ventricle of the brain. RESULTS: Spike waves occurred, first at the ipsilateral side and then bilaterally. The seizure spike appeared at 168 +/- 129, 51 +/- 35 s, and 276 +/- 138, 118 +/- 65 s in the right and left cerebral cortices in 150 and 300 micrograms.kg-1 groups, respectively. The wave forms were variable, the wave amplitude and frequency increased gradually, accompanied with limb twitching. Neuron degeneration was seen in both cerebral hemispheres, hippocampus, and cerebellum 120 min after the i.c.v. of Nor 300 micrograms.kg-1: myeloid degeneration of Golgi complex, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and neuropils; swelling of cytoplasm; dissolution of nuclears and chromatin; necrosis of gliocytes and the appearance of changes in both the light and dark neurons, especially the dark ones. CONCLUSION: Rat brain was widely damaged after the kindling by Nor.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Propranolol and bepridil attenuating levothyroxine-induced rat cardiac hypertrophy and mitochondrial Ca2+ Mg(2+)-ATPase activity elevation.

AIM: To study the effects of propranolol and bepridil on levothyroxine-induced rat cardiac hypertrophy and mitochondrial Ca2+ Mg(2+)-ATPase activity elevation. METHODS: Rat heart hypertrophy was induced by i.p., levothyroxine 1 mg.kg-1.d-1 x 10 d. Then rats were treated by ig propranolol (Pro) or bepridil (Bep) 10 mg.kg-1 daily. Ca2+ Mg(2+)-ATPase activity and enzyme kinetic parameters were assayed. RESULTS: The activity and Vmax of mitochondrial Ca2+ Mg(2+)-ATPase isolated from hypertrophic left ventricle were 25 +/- 4 and 35.1 +/- 0.8 mumol Pi.h-1/mg protein, respectively, those of normal were 6.7 +/- 1.8 and 10 +/- 4 mumol Pi.h-1/mg protein, respectively. Apparent K(m) of the hypertrophic group Ca2+ Mg(2+)-ATPase was 0.4 +/- 0.12 mmol.L-1 ATP, and that of normal was 0.59 +/- 0.22 mmol.L-1 ATP. The total protein quantity of hypertrophic left ventricle was 80 +/- 30 mg, and that of normal was 47 +/- 9 mg. After treated with Pro or Bep (both 10 mg.kg-1 ig), the cardiac hypertrophy was attenuated, the enzyme activity and Vmax as well as total protein quantity of hypertrophic left ventricle were reduced to normal level, but apparent K(m) was not affected. CONCLUSION: Both Pro and Bep prevented the myocardium and its mitochondria from ischemia and overload calcium injury.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1995

Histochemical demonstration of nitric oxide synthase-like immunoreactivity in epiplexus cells and choroid epithelia in the lateral ventricles of postnatal rat brain induced by an intracerebral injection of lipopolysaccharide.

The present in vivo study showed the expression of nitric oxide synthase-like immunoreactivity in epiplexus cells in the lateral ventricles induced by intracerebral injection of lipopolysaccharide into postnatal rats. Nitric oxide synthase-like immunoreactivity was vigorously expressed in epiplexus cells 1 and 3 days after the lipopolysaccharide injection, but by 7 days post-injection, it became undetectable. The expression of nitric oxide synthase-like immunoreactivity was also observed in some of the choroid epithelial cells. The nitric oxide synthase-like immunoreactivity in these cells appeared to be more intense in the ventricle ipsilateral to the LPS injection than that on the contralateral side. The immunostaining patterns of OX-42 and OX-6 for the detection of complement type 3 receptors and major histocompatibility complex class II antigens respectively paralleled that of anti-nitric oxide synthase, indicating that lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide synthase-like immunoreactivity was primarily in epiplexus cells. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed that the nitric oxide synthase-like immunoprecipitate in epiplexus cells and choroid epithelial cells filled the entire cytoplasm and in some areas associated with the membranes of some of the organelles especially the mitochondria, suggesting that the enzyme is mainly cytosolic. It is speculated that nitric oxide synthase in these cells is involved in the synthesis of nitric oxide. The nitric oxide production, if any, through the enzymatic activity of nitric oxide synthase in epiplexus cells as well as the choroid epithelial cells may be involved in host defense against bacterial endotoxin in the ventricular system of postnatal rat brain.

Animals↗