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Biomedical subjects

J Lu

Publications and source records attributed to J Lu.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[The effect of carboplatin combined chemotherapy on renal function in patients with ovarian carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of renal function during carboplatin (CBDCA) combined chemotherapy in patients with ovarian carcinoma. METHODS: 26 courses of postoperative systemic CBDCA therapy were carried out in 7 patients with ovarian carcinoma. During chemotherapy both systolic maximum and diastolic minimum blood flow velocity (Vmax, Vmin) and resistance index (RI) in renal segmental artery (SA) and interlobular artery (ILA) were meaured by color doppler weekly. Meanwhile renal creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) were also determined. 14 healthy women were taken as controls. RESULTS: From the 1st week to the 3rd week at the begining of CBDCA therapy, Vmax and Vmin in SA and ILA were significantly decreased (P < 0.01). A significant positive correlation was found between Ccr and the values of Vmin in SA and ILA (r = 0.52, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that carboplatin combined chemotherapy could induce disturbances of renal function. The changes of renal function were related to renal blood flow velocity which could be used as a monitoring index of renal function.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Construction of a human factor VIII gene-containing plasmid and its expression in Cos-7 cells].

OBJECTIVE: To construct an eukaryotic expressing plasmid--pAd CMV Link F VIII DB and express it in Cos-7 cells. METHODS: An eukaryotic expressing plasmid--pAd CMV Link F VIII DB was constructed by inserting human factor VIII cDNA (F VIII DB, 4.6 kb), in which most part of B domain was deleted, into an adenovirus sequence-containing plasmid, and then Cos-7 cells were transfected with the constructed plasmid by liposome-mediated gene transfer method. F VIII DB mRNA, F VIII: Ag and F VIII: C in the transfected Cos-7 cells were assayed by RT-PCR, ELISA and one-stage method, respectively, at 24, 48 and 72 hours (hrs) after transfection. RESULTS: F VIII DB mRNA was positive and, F VIII: Ag and F VIII: C were 18 ng/10(6) cells/24 hrs and 0.6 U/10(6) cells/24 hrs, respectively at 72 hrs after transfection, which was comparable to 60% of the activity produced by 100 micrograms/L F VIII in normal human plasma. CONCLUSION: The constructed plasmid is proved to be expressed in Cos-7 cells.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1998

[Changes of nitric oxide synthase in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and the effect of L-arg and L-NAME on pulmonary circulation].

OBJECTIVE: To study the role of nitric oxide (NO) in Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH). METHODS: NADPH-d and immunohistochemistry were used to study the expression and localization of constructive and inducible nitric oxide synthase (cNOS iNOS) in the lungs of normoxia and HPH rats, at the same time, the effects of L-arginine (L-arg) and nitro-L-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME) on normoxic and hypoxic pulmonary circulation were investigated. RESULTS: NADPH-d positive expression was detected in the endothelium and smooth muscle cells (SMC) of large pulmonary vessels (PV) and in the epithelium and SMC of bronchi in the HPH group, but negative in the endothelium and SMC of small PV in normoxia. Hypoxia not only inhibited the expression of cNOS in the endothelium and SMC of PV and epithelium of bronchi, but also induced the expression of iNOS in the endothelium and SMC of PV and SMC of bronchi. Administration of L-NAME in normoxia had no effect on pulmonary circulation. The effect of administration of L-arg and L-NAME in hypoxia on right ventricular hypertrophy and remodeling of PV had no significance, compared with simple hypoxia. CONCLUSION: The inhibition of cNOS may contribute to the occurrence of HPH, but induced iNOS may depress the development of HPH.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Clinical study on reservation of part of stomach for patients with cardiac cancer of the gastric stump.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical significance of the resection of the cardia and fundus for patients suffering from cardiac cancer of the gastric stump. METHODS: Twenty-five patients suffering from cardiac cancer with a mean period of 13 years and 3 months after subtotal gastrectomy were included in this study. Their average age was 59.1 years. Among them, 19 patients got exploratory thoracotomy. RESULTS: Of the 19 patients, 1 was inoperable, 1 underwent resection of the gastric stump and esophagojejunostomy because of his huge tumor, 17 underwent resection of the cardia and fundus of the gastric stump and accepted gastroesophagostomy (9 were subjected to tunnel gastroesophagostomy and 8 to end-to-end esophagogastrostomy). The largest tumor was 5 cm x 4 cm in size. Except for a death resulting from intestinal obstruction following operation, the others attained a good recovery. The longest period of survival was 4.5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Resection of the cardia and fundus and gastroesophagostomy can be carried out for patients suffering from cardiac cancer of the gastric stump. The method is in line with the principle of the conservation surgery.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

[Morphological characteristics of fruits and seeds of Chinese Caesalpinia and its taxonomic significance].

OBJECTIVE: To set up a toxonomic approach to the morphological characteristics of fruits and seeds of Chinese Caesalpinia. METHOD: The ripe fruits collected in the field are dried in the shade, are surveyed and described and the fruit's and seed's morphological characteristics. RESULT: The interspecific differences of morphological characteristics among the fruits and seeds are obvious. The characteristics are stable. A key for their identification is given. CONCLUSION: The above approach can be used as the taxonomic criteria for species differentiation.

Caesalpinia↗
PubMed1998

[The relationship between nm23-H1 loss of heterozygosity and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the relationship between nm23-H1 loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and clinical pathological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from the DNA level. METHOD: Southern blot hybridization was used to analyze genomic DNA in liver cancer and its corresponding liver tissue. RESULT: nm23-H1 has diallelic bands at 7.6 Kb and 2.3 Kb. Allelic loss of heterozygosity in tumour tissues was detected in 31.25% patients (5 patients). LOHs were more common in the tumours with intrahepatic metastasis or portal vein tumour embolism and the tumours poorly differentiated (Edmondson's classification III, IV). CONCLUSION: nm23-H1 LOHs may induce the metastasis potential of HCC and help to predict recurrence and metastasis of HCC.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1998

[Malakoplakia of the prostate].

OBJECTIVE: To study the diagnosis and treatment of prostatic malakoplakia. METHOD: Two cases of malakoplakia were reported, and the cases and articles were reviewed. RESULT: The disease is an inflammation of the prostate, and lower immunocompetence is concomitance. The patients had symptoms of dysuria and urethralgia. The tubercle could be found. Pathological section revealed malakoplakia cells and Michaelis-Gutman inclusion bodies. Many patients were performed radical prostatectomy because of misdiagnosis. CONCLUSION: Biopsy of the prostate and antibiotics should be used clinically.

Humans↗
PubMed1998

[Comparative molecular field analysis(CoMFA) of allylamine and benzylamine antimycotics].

"Active analog approach" has been employed to search the pharmacophoric conformation of the allylamine and benzylamine antimycotics. A local minimum energy conformation, which is very similar to the crystallographically determined coordinate of naftifine or terbinafine, has been applied to build all compounds. Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) has been used to examine the correlations between the activities against 6 common human pathogenic fungi and the physicochemical properties of 62 allylamine and benzylamine compounds which had been aligned by rms fit rule. The predictive abilities of the resulting 3D-QSAR models have been tested by 8 new synthetic compounds and 5 reported compounds. Finally, we propose an interaction pattern between allylamine, benzylamine antimycotics and the active site of pseudoreceptor based on the results of 2D-QSAR and 3D-QSAR.

Allylamine↗
PubMed1998

[Study on the inclusion of isodoniol-beta-cyclodextrin].

The inclusion compound of isodoniol-beta-cyclodextrin was prepared by the liquidphase method in aqueous solution. And it was confirmed by thinlayer chromatography, differentical thermal analysis and specific rotation. The change (delta A) of ultraviolet spectrum was determined. The composition ratio of the inclusion compound between isodoniol and beta-CD was obtained by the continuous variation method.

Cyclodextrins↗
PubMed1998

[Photoacoustic spectra of La (III), Gd (III), Tb (III) 8-hydroxyquinoline complexes and relaxation process].

8-hydroxyquinoline complexes of La(III) Gd (III) and Tb (III) were synthesized and the photoacoustic (PA)spectra of these complexes were measured in the region of 300-800nm at room temperature. The PA spectra and excitation spectra are compared and interpreted. It is observed that the photoacoustic spectra and the excitation spectra behave complementarily. The different fluorescence properties of the complexes and the relaxation process models are studied by the photoacoustic amplitude and phase spectra. It is confirmed by the PA phase spectrum that the PA absorption of pi-pi* transition of Tb (Ox)3 complex is dominantly contributed by the slow radiationless relaxation which is due to inner-molecular energy transfer.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1998

Comparative sequence analysis of a gene-rich cluster at human chromosome 12p13 and its syntenic region in mouse chromosome 6.

The Human Genome Project has created a formidable challenge: the extraction of biological information from extensive amounts of raw sequence. With the increasing availability of genomic sequence from other species, one approach to extracting coding and regulatory element information is through cross-species sequence comparison. To assess the strengths and weaknesses of this methodology for large-scale sequence analysis, 227 kb of mouse sequence syntenic to a gene-rich cluster on human chromosome 12p13 was obtained. Primarily through percent identity plots (PIPs) of SIM comparative sequence alignments, the sequence of coding regions, putative alternative exons, conserved noncoding regions, and correlation in repetitive element insertions were easily determined. The analysis demonstrated that the number, order, and orientation of all 17 genes are conserved between the two species, whereas two human pseudogenes are absent in mouse. In addition, apart from MIRs, no direct correlation of distribution or position of the majority of repetitive elements between the two species is seen. Finally, in examining the synonymous and nonsynonymous substitution rates in the conserved genes, a large variation in nonsynonymous rates is observed indicating that the genes in this region are diverging at different rates. This study indicates the utility and strength of large-scale cross-species sequence comparisons in the extraction of biological information from raw sequence, especially when combined with other computational tools such as GRAIL and BLAST.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

Anatomic considerations of superior cluneal nerve at posterior iliac crest region.

No previous studies describe the anatomic relationship of the superior cluneal nerve to the posterior iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia. In the current study, 15 cadavers were dissected to determine the relationship of the superior cluneal nerve to the posterior iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia. The distances from the medial branch of the superior cluneal nerve to the posterior superior iliac crest and the midline were 64.7 +/- 5.3 mm and 81.0 +/- 9.2 mm, respectively. The distances between the level of the iliac crest and perforating points of the superior cluneal nerve on the thoracolumbar fascia were 5.8 +/- 1.8 mm inferiorly for the medial branch, 2.2 +/- 1.8 mm superiorly for the intermediate branch, and 12.0 +/- 4.4 mm superiorly for the lateral branch, respectively. The proximal dissection above the perforating point of the nerve showed that the medial branch of the superior cluneal nerve is confined within a tunnel consisting of the thoracolumbar fascia and the superior rim of the iliac crest as it passes over the iliac crest. The intermediate and lateral branches of the superior cluneal nerve either pierce the thoracolumbar fascia or pass through an orifice or fissure in the thoracolumbar fascia. In two specimens, the medial branches of the superior cluneal nerve were constricted within the osteofibrous tunnel. The nerve was entrapped between the rigid fibers of the thoracolumbar fascia and the iliac crest.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Detection of transcripts initiated from two viral promoters (Cp and Wp) in Epstein-Barr virus-infected nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and biopsies.

Different activation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) promoters results in distinct expression patterns of EBV nuclear antigens (EBNAs) and may further decide the role of EBV in the cellular pathogenesis. In EBV-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) biopsies, it has generally been believed that Q promoter (Qp)-initiated EBNA1 is the only EBNA gene to be expressed and that the other two viral promoters, Cp and Wp, which can lead to expression of EBNA1-6, are inactive. However, the failure to demonstrate the activities of Cp and Wp may have been due to the limited sensitivities of detection approaches used. In the present article, the EBV promoter usage and gene expression were re-examined in both EBV-infected NPC cells in vitro and NPC biopsies in vivo. An NPC cell line susceptible to EBV infection in vitro was established by transfection with a plasmid expressing a well-known EBV receptor, CR2. The presence of viral DNA and EBNA proteins was demonstrated in these EBV-infected cells using PCR and anticomplement immunofluorescence assay, respectively. As has been identified in NPC biopsies, viral transcripts of Qp-initiated EBNA1, latent membrane protein (LMP)1, LMP2A, LMP2B, and BamHI A genes, as well as the EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER)1 were detected in these in vitro-infected cells using reverse-transcription-PCR. Notably, viral transcripts initiated from Cp or Wp were also found in the infected cells. Furthermore, Cp- or Wp-initiated transcripts and EBNA2 mRNA were detected in some NPC biopsies. Taking advantage of this sensitive detection approach, our observation that Cp and Wp may be active in NPC cells raises the possibility that EBNA2 to 6, in addition to EBNA1, may play roles in the pathogenesis of NPC.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

The effect of translation of the C1-C2 on the spinal canal.

The stability of the atlantoaxial articulation depends fundamentally on the integrity of the odontoid process and the ligaments. Ligament stability mostly is maintained by two ligaments: the transverse ligament and the alar, apical ligaments. Failure of the transverse ligament can result in anterior translation of the atlas on the axis. The anteroposterior diameter of the ring of the atlas is approximately 3 cm. The spinal cord and the odontoid process are each approximately 1 cm in diameter, approximately 1/3 the diameter of the ring. According to Steel's rule of thirds, the remaining centimeter of free space allows for some degree of pathologic displacement. The current anatomic study showed that the space available for the spinal cord was limited. The sagittal diameter C1-C2 canal is 18.71 +/- 2.88 mm (excluding 10 mm thickness of the dens and 2.91 +/- 0.69 mm thickness of transverse ligament), with the spinal cord occupying 7.73 +/- 0.87 mm of the available space. Space available for spinal cord at the level of the atlas is 3.44 +/- 1.19 mm plus 1.01 +/- 0.20 mm space anterior to the cord (anterior epidural space) and 5.64 +/- 2.22 mm space posterior to the cord (posterior epidural space), which is approximately in agreement with the normal diameter by Steel's rule of thirds.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Anatomic considerations of the vertebral artery: implications for anterior decompression of the cervical spine.

Anatomic dissection and measurements of the vertebral artery relative to the medial margin of the longus colli and the anterior margin of the vertebral body from C6 to C3 were performed in this study. The average angle of the vertebral artery relative to the midline was 4.3 +/- 2.6 degrees overall. The average distance between the medial margin of the longus colli and medial margin of the vertebral artery gradually decreased from the C6 level (11.5 +/- 1.0 mm) to the C3 level (9.0 +/- 1.3 mm). The average distance between anterior margin of the vertebral body and anterior margin of the vertebral artery gradually increased from the C6 level (7.2 +/- 1.9 mm) to the C3 level (9.6 +/- 2.1 mm). The distance between medial borders of the longus colli muscles gradually decreased from the C6 level (13.8 +/- 2.2 mm) to the C3 level (7.9 +/- 2.2 mm). Relative to the medial margin of the longus colli muscle and the anterior margin of the vertebral body, the vertebral artery is more lateral and anterior at the C6 level but more medial and posterior at C3 level. This knowledge may facilitate effective decompression of the lateral cervical canal and improve the margin of safety of the surgeon.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Morphometric evaluation of the sacral dorsal root ganglia. A cadaveric study.

An anatomic study of the sacral dorsal root ganglia (DRG) was performed to determine the location and dimensions of the S1-4 DRGs and to correlate this information to sacral nerve root ganglion lesions. S1 DRGs were located in the intraforaminal region in 55-60% and in the intracanalar region in 40-45%. S2 DRGs were in the intraforaminal region in 15-50% and in the intracanalar region in 50-85%. All the S3 and S4 DRGs were located in the intracanalar region. None of the sacral DRGs was located in the extraforaminal region. The intraforaminal position of the S1 and S2 ganglia renders them vulnerable to compression caused by sacral fractures involving the sacral foramina because of the little space available for these ganglia in the foraminal region. The S1 DRG, with its its relatively larger dimensions and its intracanalar position relative to the other sacral DRGs, may be susceptible to compression by the L5-S1 disk herniation. Its intraforaminal position may predispose it to injury during S1 or S2 pedicle screw placement.

Aged↗