Hemoglobin North Chicago, beta 36 [C2] Pro----Ser is a new high oxygen affinity hemoglobin variant. It was discovered in a 52-year-old male with erythrocytosis since age 20 who had been treated with different regimens for polycythemia vera including several courses of 32P. The variant is electrophoretically silent with normal stability and increased oxygen affinity (P50 16.6 mm Hg at 37 degrees C, pH 7.4). Characterization of the structure of hemoglobin North Chicago involved the use of HPLC, secondary ion mass spectral analysis of the tryptic peptides and conventional fingerprinting. Hemoglobin North Chicago manifested bizarre hydrophobicity of its beta-chains, as demonstrated by reverse phase HPLC and Triton X-100 electrophoresis. This behavior is not expected from the substitution of proline to serine. Proline residue beta 36 [C2] is one of the invariant residues of the beta-chains of all known mammals and most vertebrates. This residue is involved in the alpha 1 beta 2 contacts of hemoglobin molecule and its substitution to serine is possibly associated with conformational changes and alteration of hemoglobin function.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1985

Specific Schistosoma mansoni rat T cell clones. I. Generation and functional analysis in vitro and in vivo.

In an attempt to determine the role of schistosome-specific T cells in the immune mechanisms developed during schistosomiasis, Schistosoma mansoni-specific T cells and clones were generated in vitro and some of their functions analyzed in vitro and in vivo in the fischer rat model. The data presented here can be summarized as follows: a) Lymph node cells (LNC) from rats primed with the excretory/secretory antigens-incubation products (IPSm) of adult worms proliferate in vitro only in response to the homologous schistosome antigens and not to unrelated antigens (Ag) such as ovalbumin (OVA) or Dipetalonema viteae and Fasciola hepatica parasite extracts. b) After in vitro restimulation of the primed LNC population with IPSm in the presence of antigen-presenting cells (APC) and maintenance in IL 2-containing medium, the frequency of IPSm-specific T cells is increased and the T cells can be restimulated only in the presence of APC possessing the same major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens. c) Following appropriate limiting dilution assays (LDA) (1 cell/well), 10 IPSm-specific T cell clones were obtained, and two of four maintained in culture were tested for their helper activity because they expressed only the W3/13+ W3/25+ surface phenotypes. d) The two highly proliferating IPSm-specific T cell clones (G5 and E23) exhibit an IPSm-dependent helper activity, as shown by the increase in IgG production by IPSm-primed B cells. e) IPSm-T cell clone (G5) as well as IPSm-T cell lines when injected in S. mansoni-infested rats can exert an in vivo helper activity, which is characterized by an accelerated production of IgG antibodies specific for the previously identified 30 to 40 kilodaltons (kd) schistosomula surface antigens (Ag). As recent studies have demonstrated that rat monoclonal antibodies recognize some incubation products of adult S. mansoni as well as one of the 30 to 40 kd schistosomula surface antigens, and taking into account the fact that the T cell clones here studied were restimulated either with IPSm or with schistosomulum Ag, it appears that such IPSm-specific T cell clones could be involved in the concomitant immunity mechanisms.

Animals↗

PubMed1985

[Treatment of lead poisoning by drinking water using hemofiltration and chelationin a hemodialysed anuric patient].

Lead intoxication was diagnosed in April 1984 in an anuric woman of 65 years of age, whose hemodialysis had begun 9 years previously. Lead poisoning was completely cured by repeated hemofiltration with calcium EDTA. 28.2 mg of lead were extracted during 26 hemofiltration sessions. After the twentieth session, the rate of extracted lead was 500 micrograms per session and the rate of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydrase was normalized. This exceptional observation allowed a nearly experimental study of the kinetics and metabolism of Ca EDTA chelated lead.

Aged↗

PubMed1984

Biocide gene(s) and biocidal activity in different strains of Bacillus sphaericus. Expression of the gene(s) in E. coli maxicells.

The recently cloned biocidal determinant of the highly toxic strain of B. sphaericus 1593M (Ganesan et al. 1983) was used as probe to investigate homologous sequences in different toxic and non-toxic strains of B. sphaericus. It was found that the potent strains we have analysed are characterised by the presence of DNA sequences (6.6, 6.4, 5.8, 1.6, 1.3 and 0.6 Kb) not found in the non-toxic strains. These results further show that one of the two weakly toxic strains analysed presents a hybridisation pattern completely different from that observed with the highly potent strains of B. sphaericus. When the DNA of the two non-toxic strains was analysed, SSII-I failed to hybridise to the probe and Rem4 exhibited mainly one hybridisable sequence of 2.3 Kb not detectable in the toxic strains. No region of homology to the probe was found in the DNA of two strains of B. thuringiensis (var. berliner and var. israeliensis) analysed. By dot blot hybridisation experiments it was estimated that the larvicidal determinant might be present in about one to three copies per genome. With the use of E. coli maxicells we have shown further that the toxin gene(s) encoded four polypeptides with molecular weights of 21, 19, 15 and 12 Kd. The significance of these findings is discussed.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

Absence of reproducibility of glycaemic excursions induced by identical meals in diabetic subjects connected with an artificial pancreas.

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Adult↗

PubMed1984

[Nutrition and atherosclerosis].

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Animals↗

PubMed1983

[Dietetic treatment of hyperlipoproteinemias].

The authors mention the previous conditions to the prescription of a diet for primary hyperlipoproteinemia : definition of the metabolic disease and of its nutritional dependence, precise knowledge of earlier nutritional uses, demonstration of vascular risk factor linked to the hyperlipoproteinemia, i.e. obesity which always requires a hypocaloric diet. A low cholesterol and saturated fatty acid diet reduces by 10% the cholesterolemia, and sometimes exempts from use of medical drugs in moderate hypercholesterolemia. The exceptional hyperchylomicronemia are reduced by drastic reduction of the lipid fraction of the diet, which is compensated by use of MCT. The dietetic treatment of endogenous hypertriglyceridemia depends on their nutritional dependence : an alcohol dependence implies a complete suppression of alcoholic drinks. A glucid dependence implies the suppression of simple carbohydrates and a reduction of the glucidic fraction of the diet.

Carbohydrate Metabolism↗

PubMed1983

Characterization and functional studies of the murine T-lymphocyte response to Mycobacterium leprae antigen.

Mice were immunized with Mycobacterium leprae in incomplete Freund's adjuvant, and sensitized lymphocytes were obtained from draining lymph nodes. The lymphocytes thus obtained proliferated specifically in vitro in the presence of M. leprae antigen, and this response was shown to be both T-cell and macrophage dependent. T-cell blasts generated in vitro in response to M. leprae antigen were grown in the presence of interleukin-2 (IL-2). The proliferative response of these blasts to M. leprae antigen was strictly dependent on the presence of syngeneic spleen cells as antigen-presenting cells. M. leprae-immune F1 blasts responding to the antigen in the context of either parental H-2 haplotype-bearing accessory cell could be obtained by positive selection from an F1 hybrid-responding cell population. By means of flow microfluorometry the T-cell phenotype of the M. leprae-specific T-cell blasts was found to be Thy-1+ and to be composed of Lyt-1+ and Lyt-2+ subpopulations. Functionally, the blasts were shown to transfer delayed-type hypersensitivity locally to non-immunized recipients and to have cytolytic activity. Limiting dilution analysis showed the frequency of M. leprae-responding cells from blasts grown in IL-2 to be approximately 1/333.

Animals↗

PubMed1983

Autoimmunity and immune complex disease after neonatal induction of transplantation tolerance in mice.

Mice made neonatally tolerant to alloantigens were found to develop an immunologic disease resembling systemic lupus erythematosus. In BALB/c mice neonatally injected with C57BL/6 X BALB/c F1 hybrid spleen cells, features of autoimmunity were observed first. After 5-24 wk, antinuclear, anti-SS DNA, thymocytotoxic, and rheumatoid factor-like antibodies were detected in association with hypergammaglobulinemia and with the occurrence of circulating immune complexes and cryoglobulins. Some of the antinuclear antibodies were found to be produced by F1 donor B cells persisting in the host. Second, immunopathologic changes were detected in tolerant mice. In the kidneys, an immune complex glomerulonephritis of the membranous type was observed. Immunoglobulin deposits were also found in the choroid plexus and at the dermoepidermal junction. In addition, thrombocytopenia was a common finding, and a positive direct Coomb's test occasionally was detected. Features of autoimmune disease were closely associated with the effective induction of transplantation tolerance, as revealed by the inability of spleen cells to generate in vitro cytolytic responses against C57BL/6 alloantigens. It is suggested that, although transplantation tolerance is associated with a lack of cytolytic reaction of the host against F1 hybrid donor alloantigens, other types of allogeneic interactions could lead in this model to the development of autoimmunity and immunopathology.

Animals↗

PubMed1983

[Diet treatment of hyperliproteinemias].

The authors mention the previous conditions to the prescription of a diet for primary hyperlipoproteinemia: definition of the metabolic disease and of its nutritional dependance, precise knowledge of earlier nutritional uses, demonstration of vascular risk factor linked to the hyperlipoproteinemia, i.e. obesity which always requires a hypocaloric diet. A low cholesterol and saturated fatty acid diet reduces by 10% the cholesterolemia, and sometimes exempts from use of medical drugs in moderate hypercholesterolemia. The exceptional hyperchylomicronemia are reduced by drastic reduction of the lipid fraction of the diet, which is compensated by use of MCT. The dietetic treatment of endogenous hypertriglyceridemia depends on their nutritional dependance: an alcohol dependance implies a complete suppression of alcoholic drinks. A glucid dependance implies the suppression of simple carbohydrates and a reduction of the glucidic fraction of the diet.

Carbohydrate Metabolism↗

PubMed1983

[Diabetic hyperviscosity syndrome].

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Biomechanical Phenomena↗

PubMed1983

Comparison of 5 reflectance meters for capillary blood glucose determination.

Manufacturing quality, accuracy and users opinion (i.e. medical and nurses staff and patients) were compared among five Destrostix reading reflectance-meters for home-blood-glucose-monitoring. Two machines (dextrometer and glucometer) equipped with microprocessors, integrated circuits and good quality wiring are best made. Reflectance-meter capillary blood glucose measurements were found to be accurate enough for home-blood-glucose-monitoring, compared to a reference method. However, two machines from the same brand were different in blood glucose accuracy. Glucocheck had poorest results. Users prefer small sized, battery powered machines. Glucometer appears to be best suited to home-blood-glucose-monitoring.

Blood Glucose↗

PubMed1983

Tamoxifen-induced fluorescence as a marker of human breast tumor cell responsiveness to hormonal manipulations: correlation with progesterone receptor content and ultrastructural alterations.

The fluorescent binding of tamoxifen to eosin is used on Papanicolaou-stained smears as a marker of cell responsiveness to the antiestrogen molecule. Forty-two cases of human breast carcinomas were submitted to tamoxifen treatment between first diagnosis and surgery (4 to 30 days). Tamoxifen-induced fluorescence is observed in 17 of 42 cases (40%). There is a highly significant correlation between progesterone receptor content of the tumor and cellular fluorescence (0.01 greater than p greater than 0.001). Ultrastructural changes of such tumors (820 cells observed in 28 treated patients and 840 cells in 32 untreated controls) are observed in 42% of treated cells versus 10% of untreated cells. These ultrastructural alterations can be significantly correlated with cellular fluorescence induced by tamoxifen treatment and with progesterone receptor content of human breast cancers. These data suggest that a short pretreatment with tamoxifen before surgery can give useful additional information at the biochemical, cytochemical, and ultrastructural levels regarding cell responsiveness to hormonal manipulation.

Breast Neoplasms↗