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Biomedical subjects

J Losy

Publications and source records attributed to J Losy.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Increased serum levels of soluble PECAM-1 in multiple sclerosis patients with brain gadolinium-enhancing lesions.

Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule, PECAM-1 (CD31) is a 130-kDa glycoprotein, member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, which is involved in transendothelial migration of leukocytes. It is expressed on endothelial cells, lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, basophils and platelets. We present data showing that soluble PECAM-1 is significantly increased in sera of multiple sclerosis patients with active, gadolinium enhancing lesions. Since we have found increased levels of sPECAM-1 in sera of patients with active MRI lesions, but not in those of patients without enhancing lesions, the molecule may be regarded as marker of MS activity. Soluble PECAM-1 may be involved in immunomodulatory mechanism leading to inhibition of migration of leukocytes in MS.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Diversity of V delta-J delta gene rearrangement in peripheral blood lymphocytes and intrathecal IgG synthesis in multiple sclerosis.

The object of the study is a comparison of intrathecal IgG synthesis and gamma/delta TCR genes rearrangement in multiple sclerosis. The subgroup of 13 cases with intrathecal IgG synthesis and positive oligoclonal bands was compared with 8 cases with IgG index below 0.75 and with undetectable oligoclonal bands. TCR gene rearrangement was studied in peripheral blood lymphocytes by PCR analysis. In majority of cases of the first group the V delta-J delta junctional repertoire was restricted as evidenced by oligoclonal rearrangement. Monoclonal pattern of rearrangement was also established in some cases concerning V delta 1-J delta 1 and V delta 5-J delta 1. In all cases with one exception, demonstrating IgG index < 0.75 and with negative oligoclonal bands in CSF the oligo- or polyclonal pattern of V delta-J delta gene rearrangement was noticed. It is therefore suggested that subset T and B lymphocytes may undergo clonal expansion in MS as evidenced by restricted pattern of V delta-J delta rearrangement and intrathecal oligoclonal IgG synthesis, respectively. Oligoclonal expansion at certain B and T cells may occur due to stimulation by an antigen related to MS pathogen.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1994

The effect of large-dose prednisone therapy on IgG subclasses in multiple sclerosis.

The effect of large-dose prednisone therapy (3960 mg over 56 days) on IgG subclasses in the cerebrospinal fluid and sera, as well as on their intrathecal synthesis, was studied in 15 patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis. The concentration of IgG subclasses was measured using ELISA with monoclonal antibodies against human IgG subclasses, secondary biotinylated antibody and avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex. There was a decrease of IgG1, IgG3 and IgG4 in the CSF of MS patients after the treatment, but the differences did not reach statistical significance. The IgG index was decreased about 34% (p < 0.01) after the therapy. This was mainly due to diminished synthesis of IgG1 and IgG3. The significance of IgG subclasses in the pathogenesis of MS is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Detection of myelin basic protein-like material in cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis patients by immunoblot assay.

Myelin basic protein (MBP)-like material in 15 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) was analyzed by isoelectric focusing (IEF) followed by immunoblot assay using rabbit antiserum against human MBP- peptide 69-89, which contains the dominant epitope for MBP-like material. Samples from seven of 10 MS patients with disease in the exacerbation stage showed one band and in three other samples, a number of faint bands also appeared in the alkaline pH region in addition to the one band. CSF from five MS patients whose disease was in remission showed no detectable bands. Our results are consistent with those obtained by quantitative assay, reported in the literature.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Identification of IgG subclasses' oligoclonal bands in multiple sclerosis CSF.

IgG subclasses' oligoclonal bands in unconcentrated CSF from MS patients were detected by isoelectric focusing in agarose gel with subsequent immunoblotting using mouse monoclonal antibodies to human IgG subclasses and double-antibody avidin-biotin-alkaline phosphatase system. All MS CSF showed presence of oligoclonal bands specific to the IgG1 subclass; in addition, several of these samples also had oligoclonal bands specific to IgG3, IgG2, or IgG4, in order of decreasing frequency. Since the CSF of a greater number of MS patients showed oligoclonal bands specific to the IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses, the findings are consistent with those reported in patients with chronic viral infections and autoimmune diseases.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[A case of subdural abscess as a complication of suppurative meningitis].

Subdural empyema is a rare intracranial complication of life-threatening importance. A case of this empyema was observed in a patient aged 29 years during purulent meningitis. The rarity of this disease may cause difficulties in differential diagnosis against more frequently occurring cerebral abscesses. Early diagnosis, in which computerized tomography is particularly helpful, makes possible early neurosurgical treatment which is of decisive significance for the survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Distribution of leukosialin (W3/13)-like immunoreactivity in the rat central nervous system.

The monoclonal antibody W3/13, which is directed against leukosialin (a molecule present on certain types of leukocytes), was found to react immunohistochemically with distinct regions and structures in the rat CNS. The leukosialin (W3/13)-like immunoreactivity occurred on neurite-like fibres and on bouton-like structures on nerve cell bodies and their dendrites. This labelling was most pronounced in certain subcortical areas and brain stem nuclei including different thalamic nuclei, olfactory tubercle, superior olive, cochlear and vestibular nuclei, motor and somatosensory nuclei. In the cerebellum, immunoreactive fibres were prominent in the molecular layer. In the spinal cord there was a dense labelling of fibres in the whole grey matter.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The role of cell adhesion molecules in certain neurological diseases].

Current data on the role of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) in the pathophysiology of laboratory animal and human neurological diseases are presented. Classification of CAMs is given in short-Immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily, selectins and integrins. Ig superfamily includes among others ICAM-1, 2, 3; VCAM-1; PECAM-1. They are glycoproteins located in cellular membrane of different cell types, e.g.: endotheliocytes, leucocytes. They facilitate leucocyte passage across the blood barrier into inflammatory tissues. We distinguish native forms of CAMs (linked with mother cell membrane) and soluble forms found in different body fluids. Expression of CAMs is increased in many neurological diseases as well as the elevation in the concentration of their soluble forms in blood or cerebrospinal fluid. Selections also play a role in creating interactions leucocyte-endothelium while integrins serve as a receptor for Ig superfamily molecules. In this article we present current views on the role of native forms of CAMs as a necessary factor for leucocyte extravasation and the role of soluble forms as an agent in negative feedback for leucocyte passage through the blood-brain barrier to inflammatory brain or peripheral nerves. We consider its significance for future treatment of neurological diseases as well.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Urine free light chains kappa in multiple sclerosis].

The evaluation of free light chains kappa in urine was performed in 77 cases of multiple sclerosis, including 52 patients before and after treatment with 2 CDA and in 25 patients before and after therapy with high doses of prednisone. The high variations in the level of free kappa chains indicate a limited diagnostic value, and only for cases with very high level. We have found effect of 2 CDA therapy in chronic progressive MS group on free kappa light chain value. A significant effect of prednisone treatment was observed in early onset cases of multiple sclerosis and in cases with clinical improvement after therapy. In conclusion, the study suggests that urinary free light chains level may be considered as one of markers for monitoring of the effect of therapy on the activity of the immunological processes in multiple sclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Immunological markers of disease activity in the course of 2-CDA treatment of multiple sclerosis].

52 clinically definite multiple sclerosis (MS) patients were treated with subcutaneous injection of 5 mg 2-CDA in 5 consecutive days. The injection courses were repeated 6 times in one month interval. The MRI pattern and immunological markers were studied in serum and CSF before and after 6 months of treatment. The obtained results suggest that treatment with 2-CDA has not any significant effect on humoral immunological events in multiple sclerosis, what is in contrast to some normalization of cellular immunopathological processes.

2-Chloroadenosine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Myelin basic protein stimulation index of CD 2 cells in the course of steroid treatment].

Myelin basic protein CD 2 lymphocyte stimulation index calculated as the proportion of percentage of myelin basic protein stimulated CD 2 lymphocytes to unstimulated CD 2 lymphocytes was evaluated in a group of 23 multiple sclerosis patients in the course of prednisone or methylprednisolone treatment. After both treatments a decrease of myelin basic protein CD 2 lymphocyte stimulation index was observed, statistically significant after methyloprednisolone medication.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of large dose prednisone therapy on immunological markers in multiple sclerosis].

The effect of large-dose prednisone therapy (3960 mg over 56 days) on humoral immunological markers and MRI pattern was studied in 25 patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis. There was a decrease in levels of some studied markers (TNF in CSF, MBP level, IgG index, kappa chains in urine and kappa/creatinine ratio) after the treatment, but the differences reached statistical significance in some groups only. The decrease of total lesion area in MRI was not statistically significant. The obtained results proved clearly, that the above mentioned immunological markers might be helpful for monitoring of therapy in MS patients.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[TNF-alpha and soluble TNF receptor p55 in patients wtih multiple sclerosis].

In 60 patients with relapsing-remitting and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS), as well as in 20 controls, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor I (sTNF-RI) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and sera were detected. The results were compared with EDSS. The purpose of the study was also an evaluation if TNF-alpha and/or sTNF-RI could be markers in steroid therapy monitoring in MS patients. There was an increase of sTNF-RI in the CSF of MS patients compared with control group. The level of sTNF-RI correlated positively with TNF-alpha in the CSF of relapsing-remitting MS patients. There was no correlation between TNF-alpha as well as sTNF-RI and EDSS. There was a decrease of TNF-alpha, sTNF-RI and total lesion area in MRI after steroid therapy, but the differences did not reach statistical significance.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[IgG1-IgG4 subclasses in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood serum and their synthesis in the central nervous system in multiple sclerosis].

IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4 subclasses were detected in cerebrospinal fluid and sera from 32 patients with MS. The CSF levels of IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses in MS patients were significantly higher than those of controls. There were no statistical differences between the values of IgG subclasses in MS and control sera. The IgG1 and IgG3 indices were significantly higher in MS patients than in controls showing that among four IgG subclasses IgG1 ang IgG3 were synthesized in the central nervous system of patients with MS. The elevation of IgG1 and IgG3 indices in MS patients was found more frequently (in about 90% of patients) than the elevation of the general IgG index (in 72% of patients).

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Multiple sclerosis--studies of the correlations between selected parameters of immune response and the clinical course of the disease].

In the paper the following immune response parameters were analyzed: number of leucocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid, IgG index, presence and number of oligoclonal IgG bands. The correlation between these parameters and between the parameters and clinical course of multiple sclerosis was studied. Oligoclonal bands were present in the cerebrospinal fluid in 92% cases of MS, and that was the most frequent abnormality among immune response parameters studied. There was a correlation between IgG index, number of leucocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid and number of oligoclonal IgG bands in patients with relapsing-remitting course of the disease. We did not find any statistical differences between the number of leucocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid, the frequency of pleocytosis and the type of the disease, relapsing remitting or chronic progressive. The type of the disease, its duration and number of relapses did not significantly influence the IgG index values and number of IgG oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Circulating immune complexes in multiple sclerosis].

Circulating immunocomplexes were detected in sera from MS patients using solid-phase ELISA anti-C3 method. Estimations have revealed positive results in 71% of 21 MS cases. They were positive in 73% of MS cases with relapse-remitting course and in 66% of MS cases with chronic-progressive course compared with 5% among controls. The concentration of immunocomplexes in serum was 62 +/- 4 micrograms/ml in patients with chronic-progressive course and was significantly higher than the concentration of immunocomplexes in patients with relapse-remitting course of the disease--40.1 +/- 5.1 micrograms/ml.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗