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Biomedical subjects

J Long

Publications and source records attributed to J Long.

144 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Limited surgical excision as the basis of a comprehensive therapy for cancer of the breast.

A comprehensive program of therapy has evolved with collaborating roles for surgery, pathology, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Our experience includes 131 patients with breast cancer treated at the Massachusetts General Hospital since 1956 by limited excision of the cancer. The tumors of 10 patients were noninvasive or sluggishly so; the patients received no further therapy. Because of the invasive character of their tumor, 121 patients received heavy postoperative irradiation. In 12 of these 121, the irradiation has been followed by immediate and prolonged chemotherapy. It is too soon to judge the effect of the chemotherapy, but survival rates of those treated by limited excision and primary irradiation compare favorably with those of patients treated by radical mastectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Some factors regulating auxin translocation in intact bean seedlings.

Several factors which influence the translocation patterns of stem-injected indoleacetic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid in bean seedlings (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Stringless Greenpod) were characterized. The acropetal translocation of auxin from the site of injection is markedly sensitive to concentration in the range of 1.0 to 5.0 micrograms per plant. The antiauxin p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid enhanced translocation of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid to the growing shoots and primary leaves. Translocation to the roots was unaffected by p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid while leaching of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid into the nutrient solution was enhanced slightly. Steam girdling experiments revealed that translocation to the primary leaves was in the xylem. The protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide, inhibited accumulation of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid in young shoots, epicotyls, and roots and enhanced accumulation in the primary leaves. The relative exchangeability of auxin between xylem and phloem is discussed in terms of regulation of auxin movements in intact bean seedlings.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Completeness and accuracy of the drug treatment reporting system in Dublin, Ireland.

BACKGROUND: The National Drug Treatment Reporting System (NDTRS) is the Irish treated-drug misuse surveillance system. AIM: To measure completeness and accuracy of the NDTRS. METHODS: Cross-sectional survey of clinical records and matching NDTRS reporting forms of a random sample of 520 clients attending 4 Dublin treatment centres. Using clients' clinical records as the gold standard, system completeness (proportion of sample reported to the NDTRS) and accuracy of selected variables (proportion of reported clients' information on the NDTRS that matched clinical record information) were measured. RESULTS: 452/520 (87%) selected records were retrieved. The NDTRS was only 61.1% (95% CI 56.5-65-5) complete; completeness differed across treatment centres (21.8%-85.6%, p < 0.0001) and was greater for new and returning clients than for continuing clients (81.7% versus 53.9% respectively, p < 0.0001). Problems were identified with the accuracy of some key variables. CONCLUSIONS: Urgent actions have been taken to improve the completeness and accuracy of the reporting system.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infections with the CardioWest total artificial heart.

The CardioWest total artificial heart is a pneumatically driven device that totally replaces the failing ventricles. It is currently used as a bridge to heart transplantation in selected centers in the United States under a study by the Food and Drug Administration. Twenty-seven patients have undergone placement of the total artificial heart since 1993 with the intention to bridge to transplantation. Inclusion criteria included candidacy for heart transplantation, cardiac index (CI) < 2.0 L/min/m2, and maximal inotropic support. The population consisted of 25 men and 2 women of mean +/- SD age 46.5 +/- 10.3 years, body surface area 2.01 +/- 0.17 m2, and duration of implant 52 +/- 42 days. Initial diagnosis included ischemic cardiomyopathy (n = 10), idiopathic (n = 10), viral (n = 4), valvular (n = 2), and graft failure (n = 1). Infectious complications were defined as systemic (evidence of leukocytosis or fever) or local. The population experienced 64 infections (range, 0-9 per patient): 45 systemic and 19 local. Three patients did not experience any infection. Twenty-five patients reached transplantation, and were discharged home for a survival rate of 92.6%. Two patients died during the bridge, one because of mechanical failure, and one because of infection (mediastinitis). Therefore, death attributable to infections occurred in 3.7%. Previous reports of the total artificial heart experience in the late 1980s described death rates as high as 40%. Although infectious complications are common in patients who are bridged to heart transplantation with the total artificial heart, mortality from infections is 10 times less than previously reported. This may be the result of a better strategy for bridging to transplantation that includes patient selection, mobilization, early central line removal, and waiting until all possible infections are resolved before proceeding to transplantation.

Female↗