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Biomedical subjects

J Logan

Publications and source records attributed to J Logan.

208 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Qualitative analysis of patients' work during mechanical ventilation and weaning.

OBJECTIVE: To describe patients' recollections of their experiences during mechanical ventilation and weaning and to extend an evolving nursing theory of weaning. DESIGN: A qualitative approach that used grounded theory techniques. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We surveyed 20 hospitalized patients who had recently undergone mechanical ventilation and weaning from the ventilator in a critical care unit. Included in the analysis were any thoughts, feelings, or actions recalled by the patients that were related to the weaning experience. RESULTS: During ventilation and weaning, patients were engaged to various degrees in what they called "work," which consisted of their efforts to assist in their adjustment and recovery. This work had four themes: sense making, enduring, preserving self, and controlling responses. These themes represented activities by which patients dealt with their personal concerns and cooperated with the therapeutic plan. CONCLUSIONS: Despite good care during the process, mechanical ventilation and weaning are stressful experiences that require active participation by patients. Patients' work needs to be understood and supported by clinicians to facilitate recovery from mechanical ventilation and weaning.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Age-related increases in brain monoamine oxidase B in living healthy human subjects.

Several studies of human brain postmortem report that monoamine oxidase B (MAO B) increases with age and it has been proposed that this increase reflects age-associated increases in glial cells. We measured brain MAO B in a group of normal healthy human subjects (n = 21; age range 23-86; 9 females and 12 males; nonsmokers) using [11C]L-deprenyl-D2 and positron emission tomography. Brain glucose metabolism was also measured with 18FDG in 15 of the subjects. MAO B increased (p < 0.004) in all brain regions examined except the cingulate gyrus. In contrast, subjects showed the expected regional age-related decreases in blood flow and metabolism. In the 15 subjects in whom both MAO B and LCMRglu was measured, there was a trend (p < 0.03) toward an inverse association between brain glucose metabolism and MAO B activity in the frontal and parietal cortices. Although the age-related increase in brain MAO B in living subjects is consistent with postmortem reports, the degree of increase is generally lower.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A positron emission tomography (PET) study of autobiographical memory retrieval.

Memory for the experiences of one's life, autobiographical memory (AM), is one of the most human types of memory, yet comparatively little is known of its neurobiology. A positron emission tomography (PET) study of AM retrieval revealed that the left frontal cortex was significantly active during retrieval (compared to memory control tasks), together with activation in the inferior temporal and occipital lobes in the left hemisphere. We propose that this left frontal lobe activation reflects the operation of control processes that modulate the construction of AMs in posterior neocortical networks.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Promoting ventilator independence: a grounded theory perspective.

This qualitative study describes a distinctive nursing perspective on the process of ventilator weaning that is not well documented in current literature. The investigators used interviews with expert critical care nurses to reveal the knowledge, judgments, and actions used by nurses to promote ventilator independence. The authors identify a nursing diagnosis and three themes that offer a theoretical framework for ventilator weaning and suggest nursing interventions that promote successful ventilator weaning.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR-PET image coregistration for quantitation of striatal dopamine D2 receptors.

PURPOSE: Our goal was to assess the utility of MR-PET image coregistration to quantify dopamine D2 receptors in striatum. METHOD: Twenty-nine normal subjects were investigated with PET and [11C]raclopride and with MRI. D2 receptors were quantified using the ratio of the distribution volume in striatum to that in cerebellum. Measures obtained using regions selected directly from the PET images were compared with those obtained from MR images and then projected to coregistered PET images. RESULTS: There were no differences between measures selected from the PET images (3.9 +/- 0.5) and those from the MR images (3.9 +/- 0.65). The values for these two measures were significantly correlated and corresponded to r = 0.9, p < 0.0001. CONCLUSION: Regions of interest selected directly from PET images, where there is a large contrast between the region of interest and background, as for the case of dopamine D2 ligands, are almost identical to those obtained from coregistered MR images.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Deriving a new nursing diagnosis through qualitative research: dysfunctional ventilatory weaning response.

A secondary analysis was conducted on data originally collected using grounded theory methodology, to study nurses' perceptions of how they wean adult patients from mechanical ventilation. From this secondary analysis, a new nursing diagnosis was derived: dysfunctional ventilatory weaning response. This article discusses the rationale for the diagnostic label and describes salient characteristics and interventions related to the diagnosis.

Clinical Nursing Research↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Research review of the supportive care needs of spouses of women with breast cancer.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To conduct an integrative review of the research describing the needs of spouses of women with breast cancer for direction in planning nursing interventions to meet their supportive care needs. DATA SOURCES: Published articles and bibliographies from pertinent articles. DATA SYNTHESIS: A base of knowledge exists regarding the emotional and psychosocial needs of spouses of women with breast cancer. Less is known about their spiritual, practical, and physical needs. Very little research has explored nursing interventions and supportive care needs. CONCLUSIONS: Definite knowledge gaps exist regarding the needs of spouses of women with breast cancer. More research is required to develop and evaluate interventions that focus on these needs. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: A diagnosis of breast cancer is a distressing time for both women and their spouses. Ongoing research and the development of interventions are necessary to help spouses cope with the stress throughout the illness so that they may support their wives.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Leadership and empowerment: the value of the National Student Nurses Association for beginning students.

Leadership development has long been emphasized in nursing curricula, but how can it be effectively taught and learned? The authors discuss how beginning student experiences with the National Student Nurses Association (NSNA) promotes colleagueship, research utilization, policy development, political activity, and advocacy. Student reflections on their experience illuminate how they were empowered to effect change and understand their social responsibility.

Education, Nursing↗