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Biomedical subjects

J Lochman

Publications and source records attributed to J Lochman.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Immunoadsorption therapy and complement activation.

Complement activation was studied in six patients treated with immunoadsorption columns Ig-ADSOPAK for myasthenia gravis. Mean therapy duration was 18.6 months (range 4-28 months). Prior and after each procedure, concentrations of C3 and C4 were examined, hemolytic activity of complement by a classic pathway (CH50) was determined, as well as terminal complement complex (TCC). After each immunoadsorption procedure, a decrease of C3 and C4 was noted (median 21.19% and 19.68%, respectively). The CH50 and TCC follow-up showed statistically significant complement activation. Median of TCC accrual was 60.21% and median of CH50 decrease was 23.24%. No clinical manifestations of complement activation were present. With increasing number of procedures a marked decrease of TCC activation was observed in five patients, which was statistically significant in three of them (p < 0.05). This finding may indicate an immunomodulating effect of long-term adsorption therapy. With increasing number of procedures, an inhibition in complement system reactivity occurs. This result, however, has to be confirmed on a larger group of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Trabeculectomy--long term results].

Goal of this paper was to analyze retrospectively and partially also prospectively the results of trabeculectomies (TE) performed at the Department of Ophthalmology of the University Hospital in Hradec Králové (Königgrätz), Czech Republic, EU, during the 1990-2000 period using the database program GLAUCOM Access 97. The authors did statistical analysis of 538 trabeculectomies performed as the first surgery for lowering the intraocular pressure (IOP) on the followed eye without peroperative use of antimetabolites or cytostatics with follow up period 1-10 years. The baseline criteria for the evaluation were changes of the IOP, visual acuity, and pharmacological treatment after the operation. The average age at the time of the surgery was 61.28 +/- 14.58 years. Surgeries were performed by 11 surgeons. During the follow-up period the IOP lowering effect of the surgery was demonstrated by lowering the average IOP values from 28.42 +/- 8.98 mm Hg to 16.53 +/- 5.93 mm Hg. In the first half of the follow-up period a slight improvement of the visual acuity was noticed, in the second one the visual acuity decreased. Pre-operative average visual acuity was 0.59 +/- 0.34, and at the end of the follow-up period it was 0.59 +/- 0.33. The surgery in glaucoma patients effectively lowered the average number of prescribed antiglaucomatics after TE from 1.92 +/- 0.83 to 0.89 +/- 0.80 drugs. Our evaluations clearly showed trabeculectomy is even in the presence of existence non-perforating surgeries the basic and relatively easy-to-perform IOP lowering technique with broad variety of indications, and with relatively low number of complications.

Female↗
PubMed2005

[Computer program for antiglaucomatous surgeries analysis].

Computer analysis of long-term results of the surgical treatment of glaucoma needs suitable program for database data download retrospectively and prospectively as well. We composed a universal database program Glaucoma Access 97 for patients' follow-up in glaucoma surgery centers. Data about 1073 antiglaucomatous filtering surgeries from the period 1990-2000 were downloaded. The program permits to download data about the patients before the surgery, details about the operation procedure, and from the follow-up visits into the database using special software questionnaire sheets. Outcome from the database may be data about long-term IOP compensation, visual acuity changes, and treatment after the surgery. Evaluation of the data allows to follow up the successfulness of the treatment of specified groups of patients and to compare results of surgeons and individual departments as well.

Databases as Topic↗
PubMed2000

[Use of 5-fluorouracil in trabeculectomy].

The cytostatic 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is used at present in the postoperative treatment of glaucoma. In 1993-6 we administered by the subconjunctival route at the Ophthalmological Clinic in Hradec Králové 5-FU to a group of 158 eyes after trabeculectomy (TE). The basic indication was ingrowth of the filtration vesicle or a rise of intraocular tension to 20 torr and more in 148 eyes. Preventively 5-FU was administered during operation during revisions of TE in 10 eyes. In the mentioned group with an unfavourable course of postoperative scar formation in the wound we achieved during the investigation period of two years after surgery normalization of the intraocular pressure to less than 16 torr without further treatment (we consider the value and condition without treatment as the optimal condition) in 37% of cases and in 81% less than 20 torr with treatment. Side-effects of administration of 5-FU (most frequently erosion of the corneal epithelium were transient. For the mentioned indications 5-FU appears, being a cytostatic where the dosage can be exact, sufficiently safe for administration and it exerts an optimal effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Motherhood during the teen years: a developmental perspective on risk factors for childbearing.

The role of peer relations in childhood and behavioral and family characteristics in early adolescence as risk factors for adolescent childbearing was investigated. Sociometric surveys across third, fourth, and fifth grade and parent and child measures of behavioral and family functioning at sixth and eighth grade were collected in a lower income, urban sample of 308 African American females. Results replicated earlier findings on the role of childhood aggression as a predictor of teen motherhood. In addition, girls who displayed stable patterns of childhood aggression were at significantly higher risk not only to have children as teenagers but to have more children and to have children at younger ages. Results also indicated that females who were depressed in midadolescence were at greater risk to become parents between age 15 and 19 years. These findings demonstrate the need to take a differentiated approach to understanding teen childbearing and varying developmental pathways in the prediction of teen motherhood.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Quadrant cyclocryocoagulation. Initial experience].

The authors describe a modification of cycloccryocoagulation /CCC/ they used in the treatment of different types of glaucoma in a group of 320 eyes. Cryodestruction of the ciliary body was implemented with a probe at a temperature of -60 degrees C for a period of 2 x 20sec. in two points of opposite qaudrants, using a transconjunctival approach. The probe was applied at a distance of 3 mm from the limbus. Following a period of 12 months to 3 years after operation they investigated the intraocular pressure and visual acuity of the treated eyes. They recorded a hypotonic effect comparable to cryocoagulation performed by the classical procedure; the incidence of complications was lower.

Ciliary Body↗
PubMed1984

Psychosocial characteristics of pregnant and nulliparous adolescents.

A case control study was carried out with 19 pregnant and 20 nulliparous fifteen- and sixteen-year-old black teenage women patients at an adolescent clinic. Both groups were measured on twenty-one variables, which included personal and family history information as well as scores on twelve scales of adolescent psychosocial adjustment. A stepwise discriminant analysis was carried out comparing both groups. The first analysis using only psychosocial adjustment variables did not significantly discriminate between the two groups. The second analysis used family history and psychosocial adjustment variables and had a multiple correlation of .65, with p = .008. The discriminant function generated was able to correctly classify 89.5% of the pregnant group and 80% of the nulliparous group. The pregnant group had lower maternal educational level, later sex education, more brothers, better family adjustment, but poorer vocational adjustment. The study suggests that distinct characteristics do exist for the pregnant adolescent in the population studied, but that such characteristics do not indicate family or psychological disturbance in pregnant adolescents. Further, the importance of the meaning of adolescent pregnancy within different cultural and socioeconomic contexts is discussed.

Adolescent↗