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Biomedical subjects

J Locher

Publications and source records attributed to J Locher.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Immunoscintigraphy of infections using 123I and 99mTc-labeled monoclonal antibodies. Advanced experiences in 230 patients.

Advanced experiences show an extremely high diagnostic potential in immunoscintigraphy of infections using monoclonal antigranulocytes antibodies (Mab). There was no hampering of the biological properties of the granulocytes after in vivo labeling with 123I or 99mTc-tagged Mabs. There were mostly identical findings and an equal functional behavior of the granulocytes observed with the use of different agents. Diagnosis of infections was made mostly within four to six hours p.i. 99mTc labeling is more advantageous than 123I because of better image quality, constant availability, and lower costs. 123I Mab 47 seems to be recommended in some cases of chronic osteomyelitis and spondylitis. No relevant antigenicity was observed in follow-up studies of testing HAMA serum levels. Only a few short-time reactions were seen after repeated administration of 99mTc Mab. There were no side effects and no allergic or adverse reactions. Despite these methodical advantages of the immunoscintigraphic detection of infectious and inflammatory lesions, this method should be further restricted to severe cases or patients in whom other methods would not be practicable or have failed. HAMA controls are continued in all our patients undergoing immunoscintigraphy.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1992

[Evaluation algorithm for eye movement patterns during a problem solving task].

Cognitive processes are accompanied by eye movements, which are interrupted by fixations of an almost infinite number of points in the visual field. To investigate these processes, a systematic analysis of those movements is required to structure the long sequences of fixations. This task is possible if there are interrelationships between the ongoing thought processes and the fixations. Such interrelationships may manifest themselves through certain patterns of eye movements. It often happens that subsets of visual points are being looked at repeatedly. This is because a cognitive connection among the subset's elements is being discovered or created by such repetition. The method presented here attempts to achieve automatic recognition of fixation point patterns. Its usefulness is demonstrated using data from an experiment where eye movements were recorded while subjects were solving Raven Test items. The method may be characterized as a variant of time series analysis for nominal data. It is suitable for non-numerical data in general.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1992

Psychological evaluation of patients with severe idiopathic constipation: which instrument to use.

We prospectively evaluated 38 patients with chronic severe idiopathic constipation who failed to respond to conventional therapy. Colonic transit studies, the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R), and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) were completed. Colonic transit studies identified 23 patients with slow transit and 15 with normal transit. Patients with normal transit constipation scored higher than those with slow transit on every scale of both the SCL-90-R and MMPI, but the SCL-90-R appeared to detect greater differences between the two groups. We conclude that the SCL-90-R is the preferred psychological instrument to evaluate patients with chronic severe constipation who fail to respond to conventional therapy. It provides information similar to the MMPI with which to measure behavioral profiles of patients in an office setting, and it can be completed and scored more rapidly.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Lower extremity arterial disease in elderly subjects with systolic hypertension.

The ratio of ankle-to-arm systolic blood pressure (ankle/arm index or AAI) appears to be a non-invasive indicator of flow-significant atherosclerosis and may be a useful measure of burden of disease in a high risk population. The prevalence of lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) was assessed by this method in the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP). Subjects were aged 60 and older with systolic blood pressure greater than 160 mmHg upon entry to the study. An AAI of 0.90 or less was considered indicative of flow-significant LEAD. The prevalence of LEAD by this method was 26.7% (50/187), while the prevalence of intermittent claudication (IC) was only 6.4% (12/187). Of those with IC, 66.7% (8/12) had confirmed LEAD. The prevalence of LEAD as measured by AAI increased with age in women and was associated with a history of current smoking and lower levels of high density lipoproteins. In this study population with systolic hypertension, LEAD, as measured by the AAI, is more prevalent than previously described in elderly populations and is associated with other risk factors for atherosclerosis.

Age Factors↗