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Biomedical subjects

J Liu

Publications and source records attributed to J Liu.

At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[High resolution time-frequency analysis method for extracting the sleep spindles].

In this paper, a new method for the auto-detection sleep spindle is presented. The method is based on the Discrete Gabor Spectrogram (DGS), a high resolution time-frequency analysis. Sleep EEG5 were processed and the spindles were accurately detected. By, this method the accuracy of auto-detection almost approched the level of visulal detection. Auto-detection of sleep spindles could release the expert from reading long term sleep EEG and provide useful information for sleep studies.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Effects of extremely low frequency weak magnetic fields on the intracellular free calcium concentration in PC-12 tumor cells].

In this study the effects of the extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields on intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) of rat chromaffinoma PC-12 cells were examined by using a digital fluorescence image microscopy system. A 50 Hz, 100 microT sinusoidal ELF magnetic field increased [Ca2+]i to a marked level, whereas a static field or a field of higher frequency (2000 Hz) did not cause a [Ca2+]i increase. The magnetic field-induced [Ca2+]i rise was partly due to an influx of extracellular Ca2+ and partly due to the release of intracellular Ca2+ pool. It seemed likely that the Ca2+ transport ability of the cell membranes was increased by the 50 Hz magnetic field.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Improved protoplast-derived plants of Astragalus adsurgens through somatic embryogenesis].

Embryogenic callus was obtained only from hypocotyl explants of Astragalus adsurgens and light inhibited the formation of embryogenic callus. A high yield (1.2 x 10(6)/g F. Wt.) of protoplasts with high viability (over 80%) could be isolated from 10-day-old embryogenic callus. Protoplasts were induced to undergo sustained division and to form cell colonies when cultured in agarose-solidified medium (KMP) containing 1/4 strength of mineral salts and supplemented with 1.5 mg/L 2, 4-D, 0.5 mg/L BA and 0.5 mol/L glucose at a plating density of 1.0 x 10(5)mL, where the plating efficinency was 16.8%. Conditioning medium significantly improved the formation of cell colonies. When protoplast-derived colonies were maintained at 4 degrees C for 2 weeks and subsequently transferred onto medium (MS) with 0.1 mg/L NAA and 1.0 mg/L BA, somatic embryogenesis occurred. Frequency of cell colonies producing somatic embryos reached 70%, and the number of somatic embryos per gram cells was over 200. Cultured on hormone-free half-strength MS medium, somatic embryos developed into healthy plantlets with normal chromosome complement.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed2000

The immunomarker of aging and the modulatory effect of Chinese medicinal herbs on the dysfunction of lymphocytes in the elderly.

PURPOSE: This study examined an immunomarker of aging and evaluated the modulatory effect of Chinese medicinal herbs (CMH) on the immune function of lymphocytes in the elderly. METHODS: Forty-seven elderly and fifteen young persons were selected as study subjects. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were isolated by Ficoll-Hypaque gradient centrifugation. The responsive proliferation was investigated by means of the 3H-TdR incorporation procedure. The phenotype and receptor of lymphocytes were measured using indirect immunofluorescence. RESULTS: Both Rg1 and Gy-P significantly increased the responsive proliferation of lymphocytes in the elderly, p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively. Rg1 also had a stimulatory effect on the receptor, CD25, and phenotype, CD45RA, CD45RO, in lymphocytes in aged persons. The immunomarker of aging was established by multiparametric indications on the basis of study at the cellular and molecular levels. CONCLUSION: The possibility exists that a lowered immune function can be reversed with modulation. In the near future, a highly purified, nontoxic, and more effective immunomodulator could be produced from CMH as an antiaging drug.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2000

Alternatives to hysterectomy for the treatment of excessive uterine bleeding.

Abnormal uterine bleeding is a common gynaecological problem that traditionally has been treated with hysterectomy. However, there are many other conservative treatment modalities that should be considered before hysterectomy. Medical therapies are effective in most cases. Endometrial ablation may be an effective surgical alternative to hysterectomy. This article reviews and updates the diagnostic concepts and management options for the treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding. The authors present a review of the pertinent literature and describe their experience with the latest balloon device for endometrial ablation therapy.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed2000

[Transcriptional expression of apoptosis suppression gene bcl-2 in non-small cell lung carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of Bcl-2 gene in oncogenesis and progression of non-small cell lung carcinoma(NSCLC). METHODS: The mRNA expressions of Bcl-2 gene in a series of 137 pulmonary tissues collected at various sites and with different properties were studied with Northern hybridization and non-radioactive digoxigenin labeling and detection system. RESULTS: According to the observations on benign lesions, non-cancer tissues distant from tumour, para-tumour tissues and cancer tissues, there was a tendency of mRNA expression increasing of Bcl-2 gene. Among them, Bcl-2 mRNA expression in lung cancer tissues was significantly increased, compared with that in benign lesions and tissues distant from tumour (P<0.01). The Bcl-2 mRNA expression in lymph node with cancer metastasis was significantly higher than that in lymph node without cancer metastasis(P<0.05). The Bcl-2 mRNA expression was relative to cell differentiation of the cancer, but not to the histological classification. CONCLUSION: Over expression of Bcl-2 gene might be involved in the oncogenesis and metastasis of NSCLC.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗
PubMed2000

Induction of neutrophil death resembling neither apoptosis nor necrosis by ONO-AE-248, a selective agonist for PGE2 receptor subtype 3.

An increase of intracellular cAMP mediated by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has been shown to delay spontaneous apoptosis of neutrophils. It has been demonstrated that a selective agonist for PGE2 receptor subtype 3 (the EP3 receptor) is capable of decreasing cAMP and stimulating phosphoinositide turnover in various types of cells. We investigated the effect of a selective EP3 receptor agonist, ONO-AE-248, on neutrophil viability. ONO-AE-248 rapidly caused a unique form of neutrophil death. The agonist primarily induced morphological changes of the nucleus, including fusion of the lobules, decreased compactness of the chromatin, and blebbing and rupture of the nuclear membrane. This was followed by an increase of plasma membrane permeability and cell lysis. During these processes, neither apoptotic changes such as nuclear condensation, DNA fragmentation, and expression of phospholipid phosphatidylserine on the plasma membrane nor necrotic changes such as chromatin clumping and organelle destruction were apparent in the treated neutrophils. The fatal effect of the agonist night be specific for neutrophils because it failed to promote the rapid death of other types of cells. Although activation of neutrophils by ONO-AE-248 was not evident, experiments using metabolic inhibitors demonstrated that the agonist caused neutrophil death via the activation of protein kinase C in the presence of intracellular ATP. These findings indicated that EP3 receptor-mediated signals might promote a novel form of neutrophil death, which differs from typical apoptosis or necrosis.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed2000

[Disorders of hepatic sinusoids and perisinusoidal space in chronic viral hepatitis B and its relationship to hepatic fibrosis].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the disorders of the hepatic sinusoids and perisinusoidal space in chronic viral hepatitis B and its relationship to hepatic fibrosis. METHODS: The histopathology, the expression of smooth muscle actin (SMA), fibronectin (FN), laminin (LN) and collagen type IV (C-IV), and deposition of reticular, collagenous and elastic fibers in the sinusoids and perisinusoidal space in 160 liver biopsy specimens of viral hepatitis B were examined by haematoxyln and eosin (HE), immunohistochemistry and special stains techniques, respectively. RESULTS: The pathological changes of the hepatic sinusoids were collapsing, expansive, occlusive and narrowing. The changes in SMA distribution were characteristic. The spotty activated stellate cells were proliferating, transiting, expressing SMA, and stretching down the wall of sinus or forming fine bundles in G(1) or G(2); they were more active in proliferation, transition, forming bridging and even wide fibrous septa constituted by myofibroblast cells in G(3) or G(4). The other 3 elements, FN, IV-C, LN and reticular, collagenous and elastic fibers deposited in the sinusoids and perisinusoidal space following SMA. The higher the gradings were, the more the depositing elements were. They mainly deposited in the areas of degeneration, inflammation, necroses and fibrous bundles (septa) where the pathologic changes of sinusoids happened. CONCLUSION: The sinusoids and perisinusoidal space is the original sites of fibrosis. Special attention should be paid to the pathological changes in the sinusoids and perisinusoidal space when to evaluate the gradings of histopathology and stagings of hepatic fibrosis.

Actins↗
PubMed2000

[Comparative studies of different carriers and introducing routes on the effects of liver targeted uptake of exogenous gene].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of liposomes and glyco-poly-L-lysine (G-PLL) on target uptake and gene expression of the liver, and to observe the effects of intravenous route and intraperitoneal route on target uptake and gene expression of the liver. METHODS: After encapsulated by liposomes or galactose-terminal glyco-poly-L-lysine, the plasmid which can be expressed in eukaryotic cells was transferred into rat's body by intravenous injection and peritoneal injection respectively, then observed the results in different time by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The expression of the plasmid encapsulated by liposomes or G-PLL was obvious after transferred in vivo 24 h later, and one week later the expression began to decrease, but still could be found three weeks later. Both liposomes and G-PLL made the liver as the major distribution tissue. In the liver, the distribution and expression of the plasmid encapsulated by G-PLL were higher than those encapsulated by liposomes; in other tissues, however, the distribution and expression of the plasmid encapsulated by G-PLL were lower than those by liposomes. The distribution and expression of the plasmid transferred via intravenous route were higher in the liver than that transferred via intraperitoneal route. CONCLUSION: The effect of G-PLL on liver target uptake and expression is better than that of liposome; The effect of intravenous route on liver target uptake and expression of the plasmid binding to G-PLL is better than that of peritoneal route.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Association of an ERCC1 polymorphism with adult-onset glioma.

Gliomas include several histologically distinct types of tumors whose molecular profiles suggest different etiologies. Because the ERCC1 protein is essential for nucleotide excision repair and influences genomic instability, polymorphisms in ERCC1 may play a role in human tumors. We determined the presence of the A versus C polymorphism at nucleotide 8092 of ERCC1 using a single-strand conformational polymorphism assay and DNA sequencing in adults with glioma and controls from a population-based study. Among 318 alleles from 159 controls, 27% (86) were A and 73% were C. Prevalences of the CC genotype were 51% (81 of 159), 48% (30 of 62), 63% (20 of 32), and 82% (23 of 28) for controls and subjects with glioblastoma multiforme, astrocytoma, and oligoastrocytoma, respectively (Fisher's exact P = 0.009). The age-adjusted odds ratio for genotype CC in all cases versus controls was 1.4 (95% confidence interval, 0.9-2.3), whereas that for subjects with oligoastrocytoma versus controls was 4.6 (95% confidence interval, 1.6-13.2). The median age at diagnosis was 46 years for glioma patients with the CC genotype compared with 54 years for patients with the AA or AC genotype (P = 0.04). This is the first study to report a significant association of a polymorphism in ERCC1 with the risk of brain tumors. This A/C polymorphism, which may affect mRNA stability for ERCC1, also results in an amino acid substitution of lysine to glutamine in a recently described nucleolar protein (ASE-1) and T-cell receptor complex subunit CD3epsilon-associated signal transducer (CAST). This finding, if confirmed in other series, may provide a foundation on which to study novel mechanisms of carcinogenesis in subsets of glioma.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Genetic polymorphism of group-specific component/vitamin-D-binding protein subtypes in six populations from north-eastern China.

On six populations from North-Eastern China the frequencies of Gc subtypes were studied by isoelectric focusing on ultra-thin polyacrylamidegel followed by the improved sulfosalicylic acid precipitation. The following Gc subtype allele frequencies could be observed in the Han (Harbin), Ewenki, Tahur, Mongolian, Oroquen and Xibe populations: Gc*1F = 0.4246, 0.4941, 0.4479, 0.4077, 0.4606 and 0.4503; Gc*1S = 0.2587, 0.2936, 0.3151, 0.2822, 0.3370 and 0.3035; Gc*2 = 0.3065, 0.2064, 0.2266, 0.3006, 0.2022 and 0.2388. In addition to this 16 individuals of five populations showed rare Gc variant alleles (1A3, 1A8, 1A9, 1A14, 1C?).

Alleles↗
PubMed2000

Molecular heterogeneity and function of EWS-WT1 fusion transcripts in desmoplastic small round cell tumors.

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a primitive sarcoma with a consistent cytogenetic abnormality, t(11;22)(p13;q12). This chromosomal translocation generates a chimeric transcript that is formed by fusion of the 5' region of the Ewing's sarcoma gene, EWS, with the 3' DNA-binding segment of WT1, the Wilms' tumor suppressor gene. We collected 14 DSRCT tumor samples and examined the hybrid transcripts. We identified: (a) combinatorial heterogeneity of EWS exons fused to WT1 including use of EWS exons 7, 8, and 9; (b) subpopulations of variant transcripts in 6 of 14 tumors characterized by aberrant splicing resulting in loss of EWS exon 6 or WT1 exon 9; (c) multiple cDNA products with large internal deletions; and (d) insertion of small stretches of heterologous DNA at the fusion site or exon splice region in transcripts from two tumors. Most of the splice variants were in-frame, and in vitro translated fusion proteins with intact DNA-binding motifs formed complexes with a WT1 response element in gel mobility assays. Each of the chimeric proteins retains the ability to bind to the GC and TC elements of the early transcription factor EGR-1 as well as WT1 consensus sequences. We present evidence that various EWS-WT1 proteins up-regulated EGR-1 promoter activity and that this up-regulation is specifically dependent upon the absence of the exon 9 KTS domain of WT1. The molecular diversity and functionality exhibited by these fusion transcripts may have significant biological implications for their transactivating and tumorigenic potential.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed2000

Alternative splicing of RHAMM gene in chinese gastric cancers and its in vitro regulation.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the receptor of hyaluronic acid mediated motility (RHAMM), expression pattern(s) in the gastric mucosa with various lesions and to elucidate the effect of hyaluronic acid(HA) on in vitro RHAMM expression. METHODS: Immunocytochemical staining and Western blot hybridization were performed to check the expression patterns and locations of RHAMM molecules in the noncancerous, preneoplastic and malignant gastric specimens. RHAMM expression of the two stomach cancer cell lines cultured conventionally or under the conditions with gelatin or HA supplementation was evaluated as well. RESULTS: Mr 93000-95000 intracellular RHAMM, so-called IHABP, proteins were detected in 17% noncancerous mucosa. The multiple spectrums and increased frequencies of RHAMM expression could be observed in the majority of the cancer cases with both intracellular and cell surface labeling. HA but not gelatin could promote membrane type RHAMM (mRHAMM) expression of stomach cancer cells in a dose associated pattern. CONCLUSION: The expression of mRHAMM variants is closely associated with tumor progression, which may be promoted and modulated by HA.

Alternative Splicing↗
PubMed2000

Expression of hyaluronan receptors CD44 and RHAMM in stomach cancers: relevance with tumor progression.

Interactions of hyaluronic acid (HA) with its binding proteins CD44 and RHAMM (receptor for HA-mediating motility) have been proposed to be important in promoting tumor progression and dissemination. However, a comparative study of their expression patterns in stomach cancer and its associated lesions is not yet available. To address this issue, the combined examinations of pathology, immunocytochemistry and Western blot hybridization were performed on advanced gastric cancer specimens as well as their preneoplastic and non-cancerous counterparts. Alternative CD44 expression was observed in the gastric mucosa with different lesions. CD44 proteins harboring variant exon 6 (CD44 v6) was detected only in cancer tissues with a total positive rate of 14% (10/74). Intracellular RHAMM molecules in Mr 93000 to 95000 were expressed in 3/31 non-cancerous mucosa. RHAMM detection rates increased along with tumor progression. Irrespective of the differences of gross and morphological pattern, majority (54/74) of cancer cases expressed multiple RHAMM isoforms in Mr 40000-45000, 64000, 70000-73000, 85000 and 93000-95000 with the appearance of cell surface immunocytochemical labeling. Among CD44 variant isoforms, v6 is more relevant with malignant transformation of gastric epithelium. Expression of RHAMM, especially the cell surface variants, is closely correlated with tumor progression (P<0.01). Expression of CD44 and RHAMM may benefit the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells presumably in a reciprocal manner.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed2000

An enzymologic study on bone marrow cells in patients with aplastic anemia treated by supplementing the kidney and removing blood stasis.

The content of cytochrome oxidase (CCO), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP) in bone marrow cells in 68 cases of aplastic anemia before and after treatment was determined by computerized graphical analysis and compared with that of normal volunteers (control group). The significantly lowered CCO and SDH levels and the markedly increased NAP content before treatment (P < 0.01) became approximately normal after that of supplementing the kidney and removing blood stasis (P > 0.05).

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Efficacy and effect of SI17 therapy on pancreatic polypeptide in vascular and tension-type headache.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Vascular and tension-type headache is most commonly encountered, and SI17 therapy has been tested to treat headache with good results. The efficacy of SI17 therapy for vascular and tension-type headache was compared and the effect of SI17 therapy on pancreatic polypeptide (PP) was studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 29 cases of vascular headache (20 cases in acute attack during the trial) and 27 cases of tension-type headache (19 cases in acute attack) were enrolled in the study. Plasma PP level before and 4th day after treatment was measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: SI17 therapy is better for the treatment of vascular headache. Vascular headache with higher PP level and tension-type headache with normal PP level had good therapeutic results. CONCLUSION: The clinical efficacy is better for vascular headache with the increase of vagus tension and for tension-type headache with normal vagus tension.

Acupuncture Points↗
PubMed2000

Clinical observation on treatment of non-parvicellular carcinoma of the lung with jin fu kang oral liquid.

Jin Fu Kang Oral Liquid ([symbol: see text]), made of traditional Chinese drugs for supplementing qi and nourishing yin, was developed according to the common symptoms in lung carcinoma with deficiency of both qi and yin. Of the 96 cases in the Jin Fu Kang group, 1 case got complete remission (CR) after treatment, 8 cases partial remission (PR), 52 cases no change (NC), PR + NC covering 63.5%. Of the 52 cases in the group of Jin Fu Kang plus chemotherapy, 11 cases got PR after treatment, 26 cases NC, PR + NC covering 71.2%. Of the 25 cases in the chemotherapy group, 4 cases got PR after treatment, 11 cases NC, PR + NC covering 60.0%. The results show that the therapeutic effectiveness in the Jin Fu Kang group and the group of Jin Fu Kang plus chemotherapy was better than that in the chemotherapy group. The one-year survival rate and the two-year survival rate after treatment in the Jin Fu Kang group were 67.3% and 67.3% respectively; 66.7% and 66.7% in the group of Jin Fu Kang plus chemotherapy; and 40.3% and 0.0% in the chemotherapy group. The improvement of clinical symptoms, increase of body weight and improvement of health situation (KPS marks) after treatment in both the Jin Fu Kang group and the group of Jin Fu Kang plus chemotherapy were better than that in the chemotherapy group. Some indicators of immunology and hemogram after treatment were greatly improved in the Jin Fu Kang group, worse in the chemotherapy group, but no obvious improvement in the group of Jin Fu Kang plus chemotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗