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Biomedical subjects

J Lellouch

Publications and source records attributed to J Lellouch.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Serum urate and gout in a young male workforce (author's transl)].

Serum urate levels and history of gout were obtained from 4 663 men aged 20-44 who were employed by a Parisian government agency. Serum urate levels, mean value 62,8 mg/l (374 mumol/l), did not vary with age but were strongly correlated with weight. For constant weight, urate levels decreased with age. By our definition: typical history of gout and either efficacity of colchicine during and attack or serum urate level over 70 mg/l (417 mumol/l) at examination, there were 57 cases of gout, giving a prevalence of 1,1% among men 35-39 and 2,0% among men 40-44 years old. Using the definition by the New York criteria which do not include serum urate level, there were 51 cases of gout, giving a prevalence of 1,5% in the 35-44 year age group. This is about 3 times the prevalence found by O'Sullivan, using the same criteria, in an American town. The higher serum urate levels in the present study may account for much of this difference. The incidsence of new cases of gout was estimated to be 1,6% over 5 years for men 40-44 years old. The site was the great toe in 57% of gouty men with only one attack and in 92% of those with more than one attack. It was not related to the amount of standing or activity at work. Comparison with a study made 7 years earlier showed an augmentation in serum urate values and probably in prevalence of gout. These results are discussed in terms of dietary modification over this time period.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Smoking and serum alpha 1-antitrypsin in 1296 healthy men (author's transl)].

Serum alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1AT) was measured by radial immunodiffusion in 1296 healthy men aged 18--50 years. Other biological criteria, including leukocyte count and alpha 2-globulins were measured and the subjects were given a detailed questionnaire on their smoking habits. Results showed a very strong positive relationship between smoking and serum alpha 1AT: the heavy smokers had a serum alpha 1AT 20% higher than the non-smokers, and among subjects who stopped smoking, the level returned rapidly to normal. There were also close interrelationships between serum alpha 1AT, smoking, leukocyte count and a alpha 2-globulins. A discussion of these results is presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Twelve years spirometric changes among Paris area workers.

The effects of smoking habits, socio-occupational factors and respiratory symptoms in the development of airflow obstruction have been studied in a working population of 575 men aged 30-54 in 1960 and surveyed in 1960 and 1972. On average, FEV1 decreased by 47 ml/annum. Apart from FEV1 level, which reflects loss since the beginning of adult life, three factors were independently related to FEV1 slope: tobacco consumption, occupational exposure and social class. The decrease of FEV1 with smoking was dose related and decelerated among those who stopped smoking. This follow-up study ruled against phlegm as a causal factor of early stage airflow obstruction, although its role is not excluded at later stages.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Variations in blood pressure measurement during systematic screening tests and their effects on public health].

The variability of blood pressure measurements is studied, in a standardized screening, by comparing the measures obtained during a medical examen and those made by technicians under different circumstances. This variability is important. A systematic bias is due to the digit preference for the zero value by the doctors. Besides, strong subject/obser interaction accounts partly for higher values measured in the medical exam. The mean blood pressures and the prevalence of hypertension are increased under some circumstances close to those of everyday life and labile hypertension is very frequent. The individual variability of the measure and the prevalence of hypertension are reduced by a standardized technique when applied under favorable circumstances by technicians. The reproductibility of this measure is good but the simultaneous taking into account of two successive measures still reduces much this prevalence. In these conditions it is very difficult to estimate the prevalence of hypertension in the population: an example is given where this frequency varies in the proportion of 1 to 6 according to the measures considered. The implications of this variability on the screening of hypertension are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Blood cells and alcohol consumption with special reference to smoking habits.

In the course of the Paris study on risk factors of cardiovascular disease in a large professional group, 7710 active and apparently healthy men aged between 48 and 54 were examined. This study measured the relationship between clinical abnormalities suggesting alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and the following blood parameters: white (WBC) and red (RBC) blood cell counts, haematocrit (H), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV), the former computed as H/RBC ratio. A subsequent analysis was performed on a random sample of 485 subjects without ALD who were questioned on their daily average alcohol consumption. Each subject was classified as ;smoker' or ;non-smoker' according to his daily tobacco consumption for the last five years. Analysis of the data confirmed that smoking and alcohol were related to the blood parameters; but, according to smoking habit, different relationships between alcohol consumption (or ALD) and MCV, RBC, or WBC counts were found: for smokers, RBC count significantly decreased and MCV increased with alcohol consumption (or ALD); for non-smokers, WBC count significantly increased with alcohol consumption (or ALD). So, it would be of interest to consider the relation between alcohol and tobacco in interpreting possible changes in blood parameters and in formulating hypotheses on the mechanisms of their specific action.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1978

Parental smoking related to adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy in children.

Histories of adenoïdectomy and tonsillectomy were ascertained, as well as smoking habits of both parents, using questionnaires answered by 3920 schoolchildren aged 10 to 20. Adenoïdectomy and/or tonsillectomy, considered as an index of repeated upper respiratory tract disease in early childhood, was very significantly related to the amount of smoking by each parent. This relationship persisted when age, sex, day nursery attendance, sibship size, and history of appendicectomy were controlled.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1977

[Relations between weight changes and various biological parameters. Results of a longitudinal epidemiological survey].

Weight changes over a three year period were measured on a group of about 1400 working men aged 46 to 52 years and related to several biological parameters (cholesterolemia, triglyceridemia, uricemia, glycemia and blood pressure). We observed: a) a slight increase in mean weight over the three year period; b) significant correlations between weight change and changes in these biological parameters. These results are compared to those found in cross sectional studies. Their implications for public health and prevention of ischemic heart disease are discussed.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1977

[Incidence and evaluation of the risk of coronary disease. Prospective study in Paris].

The Paris prospective study in an epidemiological study of 7,453 middle-aged men born in France, and initially free from ischaemic heart disease. The current mean follow-up time is 4 years. The mean annual incidence is 5.1 per 1000, which is about one half that found in similar american studies. This incidence is related to the cholesterol level, to the blood pressure, to cigarette consumption when the smoke is inhaled, to diabetes mellitus, and to major abnormalities on the electrocardiogram. These five factors are mutually independant in their prediction of the risk of future illness. A formula has been derived by statistical analysis, and takes these five factors into account: the incidence of illness rises exponentially as a function of this formula. New cases of ischaemic heart disease are distributed, but with a very patchy incidence, in this population, of which only a very small number remain disease-free. A table has been drawn up to show the probability of a middle aged male contracting ischeamic heart disease within 4 years, and takes the 5 factors into account: this probability varies between 0.5 per cent and 34 per cent.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Estimation of risk as a function of risk factors.

This paper describes a model which makes allowance for unequal follow-up times in estimating the risk as a function of risk factors. It is the usual exponential model with an instantaneous risk which is assumed to be an exponential function of the risk factors. Computing methods and an extension of the model are given.

Mathematics↗