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Biomedical subjects

J Lecomte

Publications and source records attributed to J Lecomte.

480 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro markers for measuring residual virulence for men of live attenuated influenza viruses.

Human and equine influenza strains attenuated by consecutive passages in the presence of normal horse serum (NHS) on allantois-on-shell system (AOS) and administered to human volunteers or horses as possible live virus vaccine candidates were tested in organ cultures of ferret and hamster trachea. Temperature sensitivity, virus replication, interferon induction and neuraminidase activity were also investigated. Observation of the ciliary activity of each ring was made daily. Influenza strains which were incompletely attenuated following two to five passages on AOS + NHS system and caused severe to mild symptoms of influenza in volunteers or horses also caused a 50% inhibition of the activity of the ciliated epithelium earlier than did completely attenuated strains following ten passages on the same system. The A/Hong Kong/68 strain attenuated by Beare and Bynoe was used as a reference strain in every test. This technique appears to be valuable for screening live influenza vaccine candidates and may prevent risking severe illness in volunteers. No significant results could be ascertained with other markers investigated.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Psychopharmacology and neurohumoral transmission].

The authors remind neurobiologists that, if it is necessary to analyze the mechanisms of neurotransmission, it is altogether necessary to integrate them in a circuit. If there is e.g. a noradrenergic transmission, there is neither a noradrenergic function nor a noradrenergic system. Moreover, the same neurone may release different transmittors; the response of the effector depends on its level of excitability; the identification of a mediator--especially in the urine--does not tell how its activity is modulated etc. A few examples are given.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Markers of stress states of an affective nature].

Measurements of the urinary loss of adrenaline and noradrenaline and of cortisol in a competitor of the Paris-Colmar march permits to draw some conclusions concerning the hypothalamic condition of the said competitor during the race. It concerns a total stimulation, the determining factors of which, as seen from the differences between the various phases of competition, remain uncertain. The limitations which such an analysis is bound to have in the given circumstances are clearly shown.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Transplancental exchange of oxygen in the female].

Extra-uterine survival of 20-28 weeks old fetuses is exceedingly rare. Analysis of the mechanisms of, and the conditions which permit transplacentar exchanges is fundamental for the study of the technical problems inherent in the development of an artificial placenta. Presently, extra-corporeal maintenance cannot be continued more than five days. Nevertheless, the above analyses provide directional guidelines for the pursuit of this problem.

Artificial Organs↗