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Biomedical subjects

J Laugier

Publications and source records attributed to J Laugier.

207 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Eradication of Candida from a premature infant unit].

To eradicate Candida from a neonatal unit the authors used increasingly strigent protocols of prophylaxis and treatment. Finally all carriers were identified and treated with nystatin. A strict routine for washing hands was introduced. As a result of these measures the cross infection rate within the hospital was very low (3%). The eradication was maintained by constant surveillance (weekly oral and rectal swabs) because of regular reintroduction of Candida by babies who had been infected before transfer to the unit. The other conclusions were that post natal infection is usually due to cross infection and rarely from mother. The gut and perianal skin are important reservoirs of infection. Erythema of the buttocks almost disappeared after the eradication of Candida. Guteal erythema commonly preceded of manifestations of Leiner's disease.

Candidiasis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gastroesophageal reflux after the surgical treatment of esophageal atresia].

The experience of the authors concerns 100 neonates treated for esophageal atresia between 1968 and 1980. A retrospective study of the sequelae observed in 73 survivors (age 3 to 15 years) found 26 cases of gastroesophageal reflux. This study demonstrates a high incidence of reflux in children who initially presented with a fistula and long gap esophageal atresia. It also shows that chronic respiratory disorders are more frequent in these patients and that esophagitis is the principal factor leading to stricture of the anastomosis stubborn to dilatation. In 14 patients, the severity of the clinical and endoscopic symptoms justified a surgical antireflux procedure, the only guarantee of clinical and radiologic recovery, with long term confirmation in 9 patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of phenobarbital by the oral route in the acute and maintenance treatment of convulsions in children].

Early and long-lasting phenobarbital plasma levels were obtained by the following schedule in children presenting with convulsions who remained at risk for early relapse: a load dose of 15 mg/kg, followed 12 hours later by the administration of 5 mg/kg in children under 1 year of age and 3 mg/kg in older children; further maintenance doses were 3 mg/kg every 24 hours for 10 days in all children. No child presented with any convulsion in the period of time studied. The mean phenobarbital plasma levels were, from the 1st to the 88th hour, between the values considered as effective (12.6 and 22.3 mg/l). These values were always lower in children under 1 year of age, except for the 1st hour.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Does the placebo effect exist in newborn infants?].

Although comparison with a placebo is necessary to demonstrate the "true" effect of a drug, neonatologists are usually reluctant to use a placebo. The reason given is the lack of placebo effect in neonates. We studied heart and respiration rates and behaviour in normal neonates during heelstick for diagnosis of phenylketonuria. In this open randomized study we compared no treatment with an "analgesic" treatment consisting of water and sucrose. There was no difference in heart and respiration rates and behaviour between the two groups. These results do not demonstrate a "suggested" placebo effect and can in part be explained by the model and tools used to measure pain. The results do not support the non-use of placebo in drug evaluation trials in children.

Female↗