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Biomedical subjects

J Larsen

Publications and source records attributed to J Larsen.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Facial effects of fetal alcohol exposure: assessment by photographs and morphometric analysis.

This study was designed to assess the limits of alcohol-related facial dysmorphogenesis. Standard full face and lateral facial photographs were obtained on 21 7-year-old children who had been exposed gestationally to known, heavy quantities of ethanol. Only two of these children had been previously considered to have definite fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). Similar photographs of 21 other 7-year-old children with negligible gestational ethanol exposure were obtained for control purposes. Copies of the 42 photographs were given to each of seven expert clinicians who were asked to select any child with an FAS-related facial appearance. Six of seven judges were accurate in identifying children with high levels of alcohol exposure as having a fetal alcohol-affected face. A set of homologous points on the photographs were then digitized and analyzed by newly developed morphometric methods to determine the facial shape characteristics that distinguish the selected photographs of highly exposed children. The analysis confirmed that the judges specifically identified children with facial changes consistent with those previously published as defining the face of the FAS: short palpebral fissures, a relatively long and flat midface, and a retrusive mandible. This methodology may be useful in more accurately delineating the facial phenotype in other conditions diagnosed primarily on the basis of subjective clinical criteria.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1987

Admissions to a new burn unit in Gizan, Saudi Arabia.

In an attempt to introduce western treatment principles, Danish chiefs have been in charge of a new Burn Unit in Gizan for the first 2 years and 9 months. We have treated 348 burned patients with a median 16 per cent estimated area of burn (EAB). One-quarter of the patients had more than 25 per cent EAB. Flame burns were the most frequent and females suffered the more severe injury. The mechanisms of burning are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Burn treatment in a new burn unit in Gizan, Saudi Arabia.

During the 2 years and 9 months when a new burn unit was under Danish leadership, 348 admitted patients were treated. Exposure treatment and Ringer's lactate were used for burn shock. Due to lack of blood, infections and discharge against medical advice, only 106 patients had operations. Fifty-six patients died from their burns and concomitant diseases, 44 of these were women, often with very extensive burns. Our results are comparable to those reported from departments in similar geographic areas. The special problems in treatment are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

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Journal Article↗
PubMed1987

Changes in plasma atrial natriuretic peptide during exercise in healthy volunteers.

Graded exercise was performed in three healthy volunteers. Plasma levels of immunoreactive atrial natriuretic peptide (iANP) were determined at different workloads. Unchanged or slightly decreased plasma levels of iANP were observed during light exercise, whereas at medium to high workloads a considerable increase in plasma levels of iANP was found. Factors responsible for the increase in plasma levels of iANP might include elevated right atrial pressure and increased plasma levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effect of beta 1-adrenoceptor blockade on plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide during exercise in normal man.

Increased plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) during exercise have been reported. To investigate the role of tachycardia as a stimulus for release of ANP during exercise the following study was undertaken. Graded exercise was performed in six healthy volunteers before and after beta 1-adrenoceptor blockade. Plasma levels of ANP were determined at different workloads in both cases. At rest and at all workloads during exercise plasma levels of ANP were higher after beta 1-adrenoceptor blockade than without. Therefore, it is unlikely that tachycardia is a major stimulus for secretion of ANP during exercise. It is suggested that increased right atrial pressure and/or pulmonary arterial blood pressure and increased plasma levels of catecholamines are important secretory stimuli for ANP during exercise.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1987

Radio-immunoassay of atrial natriuretic peptide in human plasma.

A highly sensitive and accurate radio-immunoassay for measurement of atrial natriuretic peptide in human plasma has been established. All reagents are commercially available. The sensitivity of the method is 1 pmol/l. The 50% intercept of the standard curve was at 22 fmol/tube and inter- and intra-assay precision were 10.9 and 5.3%, respectively. Plasma immunoreactive atrial natriuretic peptide levels measured in healthy subjects, during pregnancy, and in congestive cardiac failure were within the limits reported in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Successful pregnancy after pharmacologic suppression of a circulating anticoagulant in a woman with previous pregnancy losses and pulmonary emboli. A case report.

A woman had two second-trimester fetal deaths two weeks after genetic amniocenteses, and her puerperal courses were also complicated by pulmonary emboli. During her next pregnancy a circulating anticoagulant was demonstrated that had been absent between her pregnancies. It was suppressed with aspirin and prednisone. Amniocentesis was uneventful. Despite the development of steroid-induced diabetes, the pregnancy outcome was successful, with no postpartum complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Regional lung function impairment following post-operative radiotherapy for breast cancer using direct or tangential field techniques.

We have compared the effect of tangential and direct irradiation on regional lung function in 22 consecutive patients with breast cancer, who had been treated by post-operative irradiation 3 months prior to the examination. The tangential technique (total dose 32-36 Gy, less than 5 Gy of the lung) was employed in eight of the patients, while the direct technique (total dose 40 Gy, 5-20 Gy to the lung) was used in the other 14. In the group that had been treated by the tangential technique, there was no impairment of the ventilation or perfusion of the irradiated lung compared with the contralateral lung. The radiographs of the thorax were all normal. In the group that had been treated by the direct technique, there was a reduction in both the ventilation and the perfusion in 12 of the patients (p less than 0.01). The radiographs of the thorax were abnormal in only seven of these 12 patients. In both groups the regional leakiness of the lungs was evaluated as the pulmonary clearance of inhaled nebulised 99Tcm-DTPA. Due to differences in smoking habits between and within the groups, the results were not conclusive. It is concluded that the regional lung function was not significantly affected by the tangential technique, in contrast to a pronounced and harmful effect of the direct technique.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Calculation of the permeability of the blood-retinal barrier to fluorescein.

A method is presented, for calculation of the permeability of the blood-retinal barrier to fluorescein which is based upon simultaneous determination of the free fluorescein concentration in plasma and the fluorescein concentration profile in the vitreous body. By aid of a simplified mathematical model of the eye the blood-retinal barrier permeability is calculated automatically on a computer from corresponding values of the fluorescein concentration in plasma and in the vitreous body. The present method eliminates some of the factors of uncertainty, which have been present in earlier applied fluorophotometric methods, thus contributing to increasing the exactness of the fluorophotometric method for the estimation of the permeability of the blood-retinal barrier to fluorescein. Apart from the permeability of the barrier, the diffusion coefficient for fluorescein in the vitreous body is also estimated by the present method.

Capillary Permeability↗
PubMed1985

Photometric oculometry: a slit-lamp technique for determination of intraocular distances.

The optics of slit-lamp fluorophotometry were analyzed. This analysis forms the basis of the formulation of a slit-lamp technique called photometric oculometry, which makes it possible to measure intraocular distances. A comparison between ultrasonography and photometric oculometry in the determination of the ocular axial length was carried out. Measurements in 11 eyes showed statistical agreement, with a mean of 22.90 mm, SD +/- 1.815 (ultrasound), and a mean of 23.17 mm, SD +/- 1.667 (photometry). The principle involved in photometric oculometry is of special importance for the calculation of the blood-retinal barrier permeability to fluorescein by vitreous fluorophotometry, since the method allows the volume of the vitreous body to be estimated directly from the slit-lamp fluorophotometer recording.

Eye↗
PubMed1985

Correction of respiratory acidosis and transient hypomagnesemia.

Four elderly patients with established chronic obstructive airways disease were admitted with a days' to weeks' history of increasing dyspnea. Acute respiratory acidosis was diagnosed and mechanical ventilation instituted. A few hours after initiation of treatment, arterial pH was normal in all patients, but serum magnesium concentrations decreased over the next 1-3 days. Thereafter, a spontaneous normalization was seen. It is suggested that the transient hypomagnesemia is due to correction of the acidosis per se.

Acidosis, Respiratory↗