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Biomedical subjects

J Larrue

Publications and source records attributed to J Larrue.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Acute erythroblastic leukemia presenting as acute undifferentiated leukemia: a report of two cases with ultrastructural features.

This report describes two elderly patients with acute leukemia in which blast cells were undifferentiated with conventional light microscopy (L.M.) and cytochemistry. Blast cells were identified as belonging to the erythroblastic line by their ultrastructural features: glycogen deposits, lipidic vacuoles, cytoplasmic ferritin molecules and rhopheocytotic invagination. Moreover, blast cells were surrounding a central macrophage. Thus, these two patients had acute erythroblastic leukemia which differs from erythroleukemia (M6 of FAB classification) in which blast cells present myeloblastic characteristics.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

[Eicosanoids, vascular function and atherosclerosis].

Icosanoides (prostaglandins, leukotrienes) seem to play an essential part in cardiovascular pathology. A range of experimental data obtained both in vitro and in vivo has resulted in a rapid progression of our understanding of their biochemical and functional properties and has opened up new fields of pharmacological research. However, a clear cut demonstration of their clinical relevance remains difficult. Improved methodology will no doubt provide more information about the importance of these compounds. For the present, we recommend reexamination of previously reported results.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Eicosanoids, myocardial ischemia and sudden death].

An activation of the arachidonic acid cascade has long been reported in coronary artery diseases. However, no clear-cut connection has been demonstrated between this activation and the clinical manifestations of myocardial ischemia. Controlled trials with the available cyclooxygenase inhibitory drugs support the view that these agents might be useful in subgroups of patients. However, these are not known. The peculiar pharmacologic properties of prostacyclin and PGE1 have been documented to improve experimental and clinical acute myocardial ischemia. Further efforts are needed to elucidate the usefulness of some PGs in the management of patients with ischemic heart disease and their contributory role to the disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Activation of prostacyclin synthesis in cultured aortic smooth muscle cells by 'diuretic-antihypertensive' drugs.

In cultured smooth muscle cells of rat aorta, four diuretic agents, furosemide, bumetanide, cicletanide and piretanide (all at 10(-6)-10(-5) M), significantly enhanced the transformation of exogenously added arachidonic acid (AA) to prostacyclin. Studies with cultured smooth muscle cells and human leukocytes revealed that these same agents failed to inhibit lipoxygenase pathways. Taken together, these results indicate that the diuretic properties of these agents might be associated with a general activation of the AA cascade.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Prostacyclin synthesis by proliferative aortic smooth muscle cells. A kinetic in vivo and in vitro study.

The capacity of arterial SMCs to produce PGI2 when stimulated by exogenous AA was studied in proliferative and confluent cultured cells and at different periods following endothelial denudation in vivo. PGI2 production per cell was doubled during the exponential growth-phase in culture. By contrast, increased PGI2 formation did not correlate with mitotic activity in intimal regeneration tissue but with the presence of SMCs in a synthetic phenotype. The present results suggest a potential role for PGI2 in SMC differentiation and proliferation.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Formation of monohydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids from arachidonic acid by cultured rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells.

In addition to the well established cyclooxygenase pathway, cultured aortic smooth muscle cells convert arachidonic acid to several polar metabolites identified by high performance liquid chromatography and gaz chromatography-mass spectrometry. 15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and 5-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid are the major products formed. These observations indicate that the rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells are a potential source of lipoxygenase products and raise the possibility that this pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism can influence the biological functions of arterial myocytes under normal and pathological conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Detection of coronary atherosclerosis before 45 or 50 years of age. Value of skin biopsy].

A three year prospective study was undertaken to determine the possible relationship of coronary atherosclerosis in subjects under 50 years of age, confirmed by coronary angiography, and structural changes of the connective tissue dystrophy. The independence of the histological changes with respect to other cardiovascular risk factors was also evaluated. The study was carried out by a double blind technique between the histological and clinical results. We present our preliminary results in 88 male patients, 64 with atherosclerosis and 24 controls. Histological abnormalities were found in 81.25% of patients with atherosclerosis compared to 33.3% in the control subjects. Accelerated skin aging, a simple diagnosis, requires only light microscopy for diagnosis and seems to be the simplest and most reliable screening test. It is found in 61% of atherosclerotic patients in the general population and in 74% of coronary patients under 45 years of age, independently of other risk factors especially cigarette smoking. As a screening test for coronary atherosclerosis before 45 years of age, the sensitivity was found to be 74.2% and specificity 57.1%, the predictive value being 79.3%. Connective tissue dystrophy needs electronic microscopy and seems to be less reliable in the detection of atherosclerosis as this condition is usually found in patients over 45 years of age. However, these changes are related to atherosclerosis and not to age. This study shows that skin biopsy in the search of accelerated skin aging, enables atherosclerosis to be detected simply and reliably, independently of other risk factors. This test, by defining the individual structural risk, is a method of following the progression or regression of atherosclerosis and so help control treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Decreased prostaglandin production in cultured smooth muscle cells from atherosclerotic rabbit aorta.

Prostaglandin synthesis in aortic smooth muscle cells originating from healthy an atherosclerotic rabbits was studied by incubating [14C]arachidonic acid with intact confluent cells and cell homogenates. In spite of a reduced 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha formation, no potentiating effect on the prostaglandin E2 generation occurred. Indeed, both cyclooxygenase and prostaglandin I2 synthetase activities appear to be reduced. These results suggest that an impaired arachidonic acid utilisation in aortic smooth muscle cells may be involved in the course of the atherosclerotic process.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Ultrastructural cytochemical prospective study of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia: detection of peroxidase activity in patients failing to respond to treatment.

Ultrastructural cytochemical studies revealed peroxidase activity in five of 25 adult patients with apparent null lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in whom the peroxidase reaction studied with light microscopy was negative. None of these 5 patients responded to a chemotherapy regimen used for adult ALL. The importance of ultrastructural cytochemistry which allows the recognition of myeloblastic differentiation in undifferentiated blast cells is also demonstrated. The correct classification of such cases may be important for prognosis because they appear to be resistant to the chemotherapy used in treating ALL.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Prostacyclin production by cultured smooth muscle cells from atherosclerotic rabbit aorta.

Prostacyclin (PGI2) synthesis seems to be one of the major physiological mechanisms involved in regulating platelet and vessel wall interactions. PGI2 is produced in large amounts by vascular endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) also produce significant quantities. The capacity of SMC to produce PGI2, especially after endothelial injury, seems to be of importance. It is probably this type of situaton that is involved in the atherosclerotic process: experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits has been associated with a severe decrease in PGI, synthesis by arteries. Lipid peroxide accumulation within the arterial wall or in the plasma may also be involved in this process. Using arterial SMC in culture, we demonstrate here that, in comparison with healthy cultured cells, cells originating from atherosclerotic aorta have a decreased capacity to produce PGI2. The results were obtained using biological and radiochemical techniques and were confirmed by GC-MS. They suggest a potential role for PGI2 in inhibiting the atherosclerotic process.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Study of endocytosis in mouse peritoneal macrophages using colloid particles labelled with Technetium 99 m].

Endocytosis of radioactive technetium colloïd by murine peritoneal macrophages cultures is measured after incubation. The results show a time and temperature dependant phenomen, reduced by hydrocortisone and inhibitor of glycolysis (NaF). Cytochalasine B and colchicine have no effect on the uptake of Technetium sulfur colloïd. These results suggest that the pinocytosis of technetium colloïd is independent of the actions of microfilaments and microtubules.

Animals↗