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Biomedical subjects

J Lang

Publications and source records attributed to J Lang.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[The distance between the ductus nasolacrimus and the canalis palatinus major on the sidewall of the nasal septum and the distances between the ostium pharyngeum tubae auditivae and canalis palatinus major and the upper side of the soft palate].

Estimated are the distances between the nasolacrimal duct and the Canalis palatinus major on the side-wall of the nose cavity. Included are measurements of distances of the Ostium pharyngeum tubae auditivae to the Canalis palatinus major and the upper surface of the Palatum molle.

Female↗
PubMed1989

[The aberrant fibers of the optic chiasm].

Described are aberrant fibres of the optic chiasma in the sella turcica area. The optic fibres to diminish in the anterior wall of the sella and are not visible 0.5 mm below their entrance.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1989

[The pharyngoesophageal transition].

Estimated are the origin areas of the cricopharyngeal part of the constrictor pharyngis inferior muscle, of the longitudinal fibre system of the oesophagus, the cricopharyngeal ligament and the upper border of the circular fibres of the oesophagus. Measured were also the border of the oesophagus which is to be seen sidewards of the trachea. The results of the preparations and measurements are discussed with investigations of earlier researchers.

Esophagus↗
PubMed1989

[Further studies of the clinical anatomy of the craniocervical region].

In this publication, some special aspects of the topography in the nuchal region were examined as anatomical support for the dorsal approach to the posterior cranial fossa. The suboccipital muscles rectus capitis posterior minor and rectus capitis lateralis were measured concerning important characteristics as for instance their length and width. The proportions of some muscles arising from the atlas and the relations of the vertebral artery to defined points were evaluated.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed1989

[The measurements of the clivus, the foramina on the external base of the skull and the superior vertebrae].

Anatomical measurements are made on the clivus and the upper cervical column. These values are important for transoral, transpalatinal approaches to the clivus and to atlas and axis. The mean-values of the length of clivus in adults were 45 mm on the internal cranial base, on the external the length between the basion and the vomer was estimated with 27.9 mm, the tuberculum pharyngeum is situated on our material 11.2 mm rostral of the basion. The anterior part of clivus in the external cranial base has a width of 22.5 mm, the posterior part has one of 42.8 mm. Included are measurements of the hypoglossal canal and measurements of foramen lacerum externum. The postnasal enlargement of the most portals of the cranial base is given in Fig. 5. The occipital condyles are 22.9 mm in length, the angle between the condyles was 51.4 degrees. The thickness of clivus was 18.3 mm in a level 28 mm rostral of basion and 9.3, 11 mm rostral of basion. Given are also the thickness of substantia corticalis of clivus and the area of posterior wall of sphenoid sinus. Measured are also the distances between dens axis and anterior arch of atlas and basion. The height of anterior arch was found larger than by other researchers. Included are length and width values of the upper cervical column and the insertion areas of the longus capitis and rectus capitis anterior muscles.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed1988

Biphasic dose-response relationship observed with Bay k 8644 on atrioventricular nodal conduction inhibited by verapamil.

The effects of a calcium channel blocker, verapamil, on the atrioventricular (AV) node, are antagonized by calcium, intravenously infused, so long as plasma calcium concentration does not reach 5.0 or 5.5 mmol.l-1, as previously shown. Beyond this, the antagonistic effects decrease progressively, so that there is a bell-shaped relationship between dose (or concentration) and response. The purpose of the present experiments has been to investigate a possible similar dose-response curve with a calcium channel activator, Bay k 8644. The study was carried out in anaesthetized, atropinized dogs, with cardiac pacing. The His bundle potentials were recorded by endocavitary electrodes and the AV nodal effective refractory period was measured by the extrastimulus method. Verapamil impaired AV nodal conduction and additional infusion of Bay k 8644 at a rate of 1 microgram.kg-1.min-1 partly antagonized this effect. Increasing the infusion rate of Bay k 8644 to 5 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 did not further increase but reduced the antagonism. In other experiments where infusion of calcium had partly antagonized the effect of verapamil, Bay k 8644 infused after cessation of calcium infusion did not further antagonize the effect of verapamil which even became again increasingly marked. Consequently, in the AV node depressed by a calcium channel blocker, Bay k 8644 gives rise to a bell-shaped dose-response relationship of its verapamil-antagonistic action and the reversal of this action by high doses of Bay k 8644 can be observed after both administration of either calcium or Bay k 8644 in moderate doses.

3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethy↗
PubMed1988

Doxorubicin concentrations in plasma and myocardium and their respective roles in cardiotoxicity.

Three hours after the intravenous infusion of doxorubicin (3 mg/kg over 15 min) to anesthetized dogs, the drug concentration was found much higher in the myocardium than in the plasma (about 4,000 ng/g, i.e., 50 times higher). After the intravenous infusion of doxorubicin (1.5 mg/kg over 15 min) to conscious dogs, the drug concentration appeared to decline very slowly in the myocardium, since it was close to 200 ng/g at the 7th day, whereas the plasma concentration had fallen to zero, and the drug was still detected in the cardiac tissue 21 days after the administration. As myocardial concentrations of doxorubicin persist long after plasma clearance is complete, the hazards of repeated administration, based on plasma kinetic patterns, must be emphasized.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Anomalous retinal correspondence update.

For orthoptists and ophthalmologists, anomalous retinal correspondence (ARC) is a reality and an important finding. But since it has not been found in animals, ARC seems to be unknown to neurophysiologists. Comparing results of different stereotests, e.g., random-dot stereograms and the two-pencil test, provides some insight into different levels of cortical binocular interaction. Patients with orthotropia and normal retinal correspondence (NRC) and even those with anisometropic amblyopia usually pass random-dot stereograms, whereas strabismic patients with ARC, even with microtropia, usually fail. Microtropic patients, however, may pass contour stereograms, and, in large esotropic angles, useful, daily-life binocular stereopsis can be found with the two-pencil test. Random-dot stereopsis suggests that normal binocular interaction must take place in or near area 17, where data processing for small dots occurs before form recognition. Anomalous correspondence most probably has its seat where the retinal topology is not exact, i.e., where the binocular receptive fields are very large and encompass the corpus callosum, such as in area 20 or 21. This new hypothesis may explain the different forms of ARC according to the clinical entities.

Amblyopia↗
PubMed1988

[Fixation disorders in children with strabismus, cerebral palsy and epilepsy].

Seventy-five handicapped children with a severe deficiency of the fixation reflex are discussed. Fixation is never foveolar; instead, unsteady peripheral wandering is typical. Such children show large wandering deviations of the eyes. Vision is severely impaired and strabismus is present. The clinical picture is quite unmistakable and immediately suggests an underlying cerebral palsy with epilepsy. The findings and the consequences are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

A case of sotalol poisoning with fatal outcome.

The case of a 58 year old woman who died after ingestion of 14.4 g of sotalol and 50 mg of triazolam is described. Despite medical treatment, intracardiac pacing and hemodialysis, cardiovascular failure persisted and became irreversible. High sotalol concentrations were observed in plasma (65 micrograms/ml) and in post mortem tissues samples. Tissue to plasma ratios ranged from 2.5 to 6. The high drug concentration found in heart tissue (104.4 micrograms/g) explains the difficulties experienced in the sotalol poisoning.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1988

Diaphragm disease: pathology of disease of the small intestine induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Operative small bowel resection specimens received over a period of 16 years were reviewed to assess whether any intestinal disease could be directly attributed to the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). Seven cases of intestinal disease associated with the use of NSAID were identified, all of which occurred in the final six years of the survey, which may reflect the increasing use of these compounds. A spectrum of patterns was found from multiple pathognomonic ileal mucosal diaphragms to broad strictures similar to those seen as a complication of enteric potassium. It seems likely that the formation of diaphragm lesions requires an additional factor, but what is not known as yet is whether the effects of NSAID are local or systemic.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Osteosarcoma of the distal femur, combined with multiple bone infarcts: the case of a 10-year-old poodle].

A ten-year-old female poodle was presented for left hindlimb lameness. Radiographically, irregular intramedullary densities of long bones (bone infarcts) and a lytic lesion in the left distal femur were detected. Two years after the first examination, the lesions in the distal femur were definitely identified as osteosarcoma and the dog was euthanized. Pathological and histological changes of the bone infarcts as well as of the osteosarcoma are described. Regarding bibliographical data, occurrence and aetiopathogenesis of osteosarcoma associated with multifocal bone infarction in man and dog are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Haemodynamic effects of high plasma concentrations of bupivacaine in the dog.

The threshold concentrations responsible for circulatory collapse were experimentally investigated by intravenously infusing the drug at high rates (0.2 and 0.3 mg kg-1 min-1 over 20 min, and 0.4 mg kg-1 over 10 min) to 11 anaesthetized and ventilated dogs. Bupivacaine plasma concentrations at the time of haemodynamic measurements were, respectively, 4303 +/- 46, 5829 +/- 615, and 8930 +/- 689 ng ml-1 (means +/- SEM). Cardiac output appeared to be the first and the most affected of the haemodynamic variables studied. Its reduction was already significant with the 0.2 mg kg-1 min-1 bupivacaine infusion, whereas mean systolic blood pressure remained unchanged because of the compensatory increase in vascular resistance. The fall of cardiac output was enhanced by the rise in bupivacaine infusion rate, with simultaneous substantial decreases in left ventricular pressure and LV dP/dt max. At this stage, the increase in systemic vascular resistance was less marked than at low infusion rates, and was not sufficient to prevent hypotension. The variations of mean pulmonary blood pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure did not reach statistical significance, and the absence of significant change in mean pulmonary blood pressure at the time cardiac output was reduced reflected the increase in pulmonary vascular resistance. These results suggest that high plasma concentrations of bupivacaine exert a depressant effect on cardiac contractions earlier than on arteriolar tone.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[The sphenoid sinus, clinical anatomy of approaches to the pituitary region].

Sphenoidal sinus, clinical anatomy: mean values of measurements and research. The ostium of the sinus is situated 4.8 mm paramedian, 4 mm behind the sphenoid sinus with a width of 13.8 mm. Conchal types were estimated in 3%, presellar types in 23.8%, sellar types in 28.6% and postsellar sinuses in 47.6%. The ostium of the sphenoid sinus has a distance to the anterior wall of the Sella turcica mean = 14.6 mm. Included are length values of the sinus, the prominences in the side wall, and the recessus. Our results are discussed with the results of earlier researchers.

Female↗
PubMed1988

[The sagittal dimension of the sinus frontalis, its wall thickness, distance from the lamina cribrosa, the depth of the so-called olfactory groove and the ethmoidal canal].

The anterior and the posterior wall of the frontal sinus and its anterior-posterior depth on the deepest area were measured in the sagittal medial plan and 2 cm outside of the median. Also estimated were the distance between the posterior side of the anterior wall of the frontal sinus and the anterior border of the lamina cribrosa (mean value 17.4 mm). The depth of the olfactory rim was measured in the anterior, the middle, and the posterior third of the lamina cribrosa. There was measured also the lower surface of the lamina cribrosa and the level of the ethmoidal canals to the lamina cribrosa and its dehiscences.

Frontal Sinus↗