Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Lacroix.
Evidence is given that the organo-phosphates mevinphos and malathion perturb the retinal functioning of the white mouse by acting 1. directly on the photoreceptors; 2. by a synaptolytic effect due to the inhibition of cholinesterases; 3. likely by a damage of the bipolar and/or the ganglion neurones.
A case is presented of megaloblastic anemia with metabolic acidosis. The baby was eleven months old. She was strictly fed with human milk from a vegetarian mother. Baby's and mother's B 12 serum levels were low. Baby's weight and neurological development were retarded. Complications included acido-cetosis, coagulation disorder and liver disorder. All these problems were corrected by cobalamine supplementation. X-rays also disclosed bone demineralization.
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Chlordane, aldrin and dieldrin act on the bipolar neurones and the repolarization of the photoreceptors. Only aldrin and dieldrin disturb photoreceptor excitability. Taking account of experimental results previously obtained with DDT and HCH, a relation between chemical structure and retinian toxicity has been proved.
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The in vitro development of Candida albicans is inhibited in presence of 1-propanol and 2-propanol at minimum doses determined in the present work. For these inhibiting doses, associations with 400 polyethylene glycol which generally enhances yeast filamentation proved that this polyol is no longer able to maintain cellular development.
Aramite was injected to white mice and the electroretinograms recorded in response to electronic flashes. The following phenomena were remarked: a more and more important flattening of a-waves; a simultaneous collapse of b-waves; a more and more delayed return of a-waves to the isoelectric line; vanishing c-waves. Those actions were explained by an intoxication of the photoreceptors by Aramite and by a resulting difficulty of the photoreceptors to stimulate bipolar cells.
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The injection of DDT or HCH resulted in a decrease of the amplitude of b-wave of electroretinograms without any modification of its latency, whereas a-wave remained unchanged. In conclusion, we may say that organochlorous pesticides do not act on photoreceptors or synapses, but they act only on bipolar and ganglionnar neurones.
Carbaryl intoxication results in important modifications of the Mouse ERG, with an increase of the latency and a decrease of the amplitude, then a suppression of b-wave. This action is supposed to be provoked by the anticholinesterasic properties of carbamates, which result in a section of retinian synapses.
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