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Biomedical subjects

J L Weeks

Publications and source records attributed to J L Weeks.

44 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

High biochemical selectivity of tadalafil, sildenafil and vardenafil for human phosphodiesterase 5A1 (PDE5) over PDE11A4 suggests the absence of PDE11A4 cross-reaction in patients.

The physiological role of phosphodiesterase (PDE)11 is unknown and its biochemical characteristics are poorly understood. We have expressed human His-tagged PDE11A4 and purified the enzyme to apparent homogeneity. PDE11A4 displays K(m) values of 0.97 microM for cGMP and 2.4 microM for cAMP, and maximal velocities were 4- to 10-fold higher for cAMP than for cGMP. Given the homology between PDE11 and PDE5, we have compared the biochemical potencies of tadalafil (Cialis, Lilly-ICOS), vardenafil (Levitra, Bayer-GSK), and sildenafil (Viagra, Pfizer Inc.) for PDE11A4 and PDE5A1. PDE5A1/PDE11A4 selectivities are 40-, 9300-, and 1000-fold for tadalafil, vardenafil, and sildenafil, respectively. This suggests that none of these three compounds is likely to crossreact with PDE11A4 in patients.

3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases↗
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AIDS epidemic.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Why construction is different.

Construction differs markedly from many other types of manufacturing in that the nature of the work exacerbates the safety and health risks faced by workers. Even for workers who have health care coverage, the authors point out, the transient nature of the industry makes it difficult to trace an individual's exposure to health hazards.

Accidents, Occupational↗
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Controlling injury hazards in construction.

Using information from the U.S. government and the scientific literature, the authors identify preventive strategies for specific types of injuries and categorize features of employers and workers that are associated with low injury rates. They conclude that safe working conditions are possible and are related to the attitudes of workers and management.

Accidents, Occupational↗
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Controlling occupational health hazards in construction.

This chapter describes, evaluates, and illustrates generic and conventional industrial hygiene methods for controlling occupational hazards affecting construction workers. Case studies that identify and control exposure to asbestos, lead, crystalline silica, and additives to cement are discussed.

Facility Design and Construction↗
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Perspectives on the future.

There is a growing trend toward new forms of labor-management cooperation, through negotiated agreements involving job-site safety and health, workers' compensation, and preventive medicine (see chapter 14). These developments are likely to change safety and health in the industry. At the same time, they provide opportunities for practitioners and researchers in occupational safety and health. If we can venture to express a professional wish, it would be to find answers to the following: How can we, as the professions concerned with the well being of workers, help preserve the characteristics of construction work that are positive while reducing the aspects of the industry's functioning that are so deleterious to health? How do we preserve the crafts with their fostering of self-esteem: through individual freedom on the job, team work, or empowerment? Meanwhile, how do we reduce the destructive patterns of work, not just on the work site, but also involving the pressures and lifestyle associated with intermittent and uncertain employment? The rewards for safety and health professionals in the construction industry are immediate and striking. Whether through the practice of safety and health or through research, results can be measured in short order. That is a professional benefit afforded by few other industries. To structure occupational safety and health programs for construction workers, the safety and health professions need to engage in the labor-management processes that are changing the industry. In construction, it is not enough to think about what needs to be done in individual workplaces. In construction, we must think industry-wide, because that is how workers are employed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Ergonomics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

From explosions to black lung: a history of efforts to control coal mine dust.

Highlights in the history of efforts to prevent occupational lung disease among coal miners in the United States are reviewed. The Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969 is summarized, and the sources and effects of its provisions to prevent coal workers' pneumoconiosis are examined. Descriptions follow of the identification of coal workers' pneumoconiosis as a disease, identification of respirable coal mine dust as its cause, and establishment and enforcement of an exposure limit. The development of prevention efforts focusing on surveillance of both exposure and outcome and of enforcement of dust control methods is examined.

Coal Mining↗