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Biomedical subjects

J L Thomason

Publications and source records attributed to J L Thomason.

44 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Comparative aminoglycoside inactivation by beta-lactam antibiotics. Effects of a cephalosporin and six penicillins on five aminoglycosides.

Gentamicin, tobramycin, netilmicin, kanamycin and amikacin were evaluated over time for biologic activity in human serum, in combination with 6 beta-lactams. Simple addition of aminoglycoside and 250 micrograms/ml penicillin produced aminoglycoside inactivation at 8 approximately 48 hours. However, all beta-lactam antibiotics exhibited decay in human serum at 37 degrees C, even when present as a single component. All aminoglycosides could be inactivated by penicillins but differed markedly in their susceptibility. Amikacin, at 20 micrograms/ml, was the least inactivated by any penicillin; netilmicin, at 10 micrograms/ml, was the next least inactivated. Tobramycin had pronounced loss of biological activity exceeding that of any aminoglycoside, appearing as early as 8 hours. The ability of the various penicillins to produce aminoglycoside inactivation, in approximate descending order, was; carbenicillin, ticarcillin, penicillin G, oxacillin, methicillin, ampicillin. Cephalothin produced minimal inactivation. Aminoglycoside inactivation also occurred at 25 degrees C, and with many samples stored at 4 degrees C, although at proportionately slower rates. For samples stored at -20 degrees C, only tobramycin had substantial loss of activity. These data indicate that adequate handling and prompt assay of the specimen are important.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1981

Pregnancy complicated by concurrent primary hyperparathyroidism and pancreatitis.

The third case of pancreatitis and primary hyperparathyroidism during pregnancy is reported. The patient became gravely ill with "hypercalcemic crisis" in the third trimester, the condition was stabilized by medical therapy, and the fetus was delivered when mature. This combined diagnosis is difficult to make because of the changes in calcium metabolism that accompany pregnancy and because of the opposite effects the 2 diseases have on blood calcium levels. In early pregnancy, surgical management of the parathyroid disease seems warranted after the condition has stabilized, whereas in late pregnancy medical treatment may be used and definitive surgery may be postponed until after delivery.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effectiveness of Gonozyme for detection of gonorrhea in low-risk pregnant and gynecologic populations.

The Gonozyme Diagnostic Kit (Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, IL) was evaluated in a population at low-risk for gonorrhea. Two hundred seventy-two female patients, consisting of 152 obstetrical patients and 120 gynecologic patients attending a family-planning clinic, were tested for Neisseria gonorrhoeae by use of culture and Gonozyme testing of specimens from the endocervical canal. The average ages were 16.1 years for the obstetric patients and 17.8 years for the gynecologic patients. The overall sensitivity of Gonozyme as compared with culture was 60.8% (57.1% for obstetric patients and 62.5% for gynecologic patients); the overall specificity was 98.4%. An association was observed between the number of colony-forming-units (cfu) per plate and a positive Gonozyme test; specimens with less than 60 cfu/plate usually yielded a negative Gonozyme result. We conclude that Gonozyme is a highly specific test but its low sensitivity as compared with that of culture does not allow it to replace standard culture media for screening of low-risk women for infection with N. gonorrhoeae.

Adolescent↗