Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J L Sullivan.
Treatment of rats with reserpine (for 8 or 9 days) produced a temporally related increase in behavioral activity and in tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the midbrain. Weight loss resulting from such treatment was not sufficient, by itself, to account for either the behavioral or enzymatic changes. The results support the role of catecholamines in behavioral arousal.
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Platelet-monoamine-oxidase activity predicts treatment response to lithium in manic-depressive illness. In the treatment-responsive group enzyme activity is similar to that in normal controls, whereas in the treatment-refractory group enzyme activity is significantly less than both control and treatment-responsive groups.
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Human T-cell leukaemia virus type III (HTLV-III) is suspected of having a key role in the pathogenesis of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Epidemiological data suggest that AIDS is transmitted by an infectious agent through intimate contact with body secretions, blood or blood products. To maintain haemostasis, many haemophiliac patients depend on commercially prepared clotting concentrates made from large multi-donor plasma pools and are thus at increased risk of developing the disease. We report here that, using indirect membrane immunofluorescence and radioimmunoprecipitation with SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, we have detected antibodies to HTLV-III in 30 of 47 (64%) asymptomatic haemophiliacs and in all of three haemophiliacs who either had or soon developed AIDS. Of 34 samples drawn before 1984, 18 (53%) were antibody-positive, whereas of 16 samples drawn during 1984, 15 (94%) were positive (P less than or equal to 0.002). These data suggest that exposure to HTLV-III antigens is widespread among asymptomatic haemophiliacs.
Two dyneins can be extracted from Tetrahymena ciliary axonemes. The 22S dynein contains three heavy chains (HC), sediments at 22S in a sucrose gradient, and makes up the outer arms. The 14S dynein contains two to six HCs, sediments at 14S, and is thought to contribute to formation of the inner arms. We have identified two large proteins that are extracted from Tetrahymena axonemes with high salt and that sediment together at approximately 18S. The two large proteins cleave when subjected to UV light in the presence of ATP and vanadate, suggesting both proteins are dynein HC. Antibodies against one of the 18S HCs do not recognize 22S dynein HCs. Antibodies to 22S dynein HC do not bind appreciably to 18S dynein photocleavage fragments. Taken together, these results indicate that the large proteins that sediment at 18S are axonemal dynein heavy chains.
Nursing stands poised before a new century that promises radical changes in healthcare delivery. Circumstances of care will offer the profession new opportunities. The authors provide a provocative review of the past two decades of nursing as a caring profession. Actions for the future are noted, which will enable nurses to reappropriate nursing's tradition of caring.
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In a total of 38 consecutive attempts at transplanting freshly excised malignant human neoplasms in athymic nu/nu mice during the past year, 12 resulted in successful xenografts. To date, all of these have been subsequently transplanted for two or more generations. These successful xenografts include two squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck, three squamous cell carcinomas and one undifferentiated large cell carcinoma of the lung, three adenocarcinomas of ovarian or endometrial origin, and one carcinoma of each of the following sites: urinary bladder, stomach, and colon. Chemotherapy trials on three different squamous cell carcinomas serially transplanted in nude mice revealed three different degrees of sensitivity to bleomycin. One tumor which was markedly sensitive to bleomycin showed only a slight response to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II). These chemotherapy trials will be expanded to wider panel of transplantable human squamous cells cacinomas of different origins with anti-tumor agents used singly or in combination.