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Biomedical subjects

J L Rey

Publications and source records attributed to J L Rey.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Serologic survey on Chlamydia trachomatis in different populations of the Ivory Coast].

Chlamydial serum antibodies were screened in more than 1,000 persons by immunofluorescence test. C. trachomatis antibodies (greater than or equal to 1/16 for males, greater than or equal to 1/64 for females) were found more frequently in risk group (prostitutes: 64.7%, prisoners: 64.0%) than in control groups (pregnant women: 18.8%, children: 6.6%). The presence of antibodies to C. trachomatis was correlated with presence of T. pallidum and HIV antibodies.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Pruritus after taking chloroquine and filariasis].

A study of relations between pruritus after doses of chloroquine and on the one hand the infection by Mansonella perstans (filariasis frequent in some areas but pathogenic) and on the other hand the infection by Onchocerca volvulus (filariasis frequent in some other areas but not very pathogenic) was carried out in two villages in Ivory Coast. It is not possible to show an obvious relation between the presence of pruritus and the two filariasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Screening for urinary schistosoma by strips reactive to hematuria. Evaluation in zones of intermediate and weak endemicity in the Ivory Coast].

Sticks Hemastix, reactive to haematuria have been tested into a focus ivory coast located in a humid savanna area. Into this focus the prevalence rate of urinary schistosomiasis (Schistosoma haematobium) was 27% taken as a whole and 40% for 5 to 19 years old persons. This study has shown that reactive sticks have a good sensitivity and an acceptable specificity compared with filtration. More, a good correlation between intensity of eggs count and the haematuria is observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Utilization of modern and traditional health systems in the rural Ivory Coast area].

The authors carried out a questionnaire survey among the potential users of three rural health centers in Côte d'Ivoire. Between 58 and 90% of heads of family visit their zonal health center, between 18 and 50% also visit more distant centers. The utilization of other modern health structures is rare, but appeal to the herbalist healers is common and varies according to the characteristics of the families. Utilization of the two systems is not exclusive, 51% starting with the biomedical service. Of interrogated heads of family, 24% procure health care for others than members of their own family.

Cote d'Ivoire↗
PubMed1989

[Infarction with angiographically normal coronary vessels. (20 cases)].

Over 8 years, 20 cases of infarction with normal coronary angiography have been reported, representing 0.9% of the patients who underwent a coronary angiography after a myocardial infarction. The main characteristics of these patients are compared with those taken from the literature. The occurrence of this disease mainly depends on the age: especially higher when the patients are younger, ranging between 1 and 4% in major series, but it may reach 25% in case of infarction occurring before the age of 30. Therefore, this entity mainly affects young patients (mean age in the literature: 34.3 years), with a large proportion of women (27%). The main risk factor is smoking, found in 3 out of 4 men an more than half of the women; on the contrary, hypercholesterolemia and arterial hypertension are only seldom found. In women, administration of estro-progestative medications in mentioned in almost every other case. Coronary heredity is mentioned in one out of 3 cases. In 68% of the cases, the infarction is the original manifestation and frequently occurs during stress: 60 p. cent of the cases. The site of the necrosis is insignificant. Mortality is low: 2 p. cent but in 5 p. cent of the cases, the course may be complicated by recurrence or heart failure. According to recent findings on coronary angiography during the acute phase, the pathogenesis could involve an arterial coronary thrombosis, perhaps developing on minimal coronary lesions, caused by a spasm and/or a platelets hyperaggregation; then this coronary thrombosis is revascularized.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

[Auricular flutter preceding by several years the discovery of Steinert's disease. 3 cases].

The large frequency of arrhythmias and conduction disorders in the course of Steinert's myotonic dystrophy is well known; most of the time, the muscle disease is already known when the heart disease is discovered. The authors report three cases of young subjects (2, 31 and 35 years) in whom an atrial flutter without obvious etiology preceded by several years (14, 2.5 and 2 years) the diagnosis of muscular disease. On this occasion, the characteristics of the heart involvement in Steinert's disease are reminded: large frequency of atrial and also ventricular rhythm disorders, distalic conduction disorders. Our cases emphasize the importance of diagnosing Steinert's disease by clinical examination, electromyography and neuro-muscular biopsy in front of a rhythm disorder--especially atrial flutter--or an interventricular conduction disorders occurring, without obvious etiology, in a young subject.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of 10 enzyme immunoassays for detection of antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 2 in West African sera.

The efficacies of nine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (EIA) for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and one EIA for antibody to HIV-2 in detecting antibody to HIV-2 were studied. The competitive EIAs for antibody to HIV-1 were less sensitive than the indirect EIAs. The overall prevalence of positive results was between 28 and 51% with the competitive EIAs and between 70 and 93% with the indirect EIAs. Most of the EIAs were less sensitive in detecting antibody to HIV-2 in sera from people with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-like diseases than in sera from symptomless individuals. The results indicate that there is a high degree of cross-reactivity between HIV-1 and HIV-2 by EIA, indicating that serotype specificity must be determined by Western blot (immunoblot) with both sets of viral antigens. The results are relevant for discussing public health strategies, especially the screening of blood donors; competitive EIAs for antibody to HIV-1 are not sensitive enough to be used in areas where HIV-2 is prevalent (West Africa).

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1988

[Asymptomatic and transitory electrocardiographic changes in the 24 hours following coronary transluminal angioplasty].

Fifty patients underwent a 24-hour Holter system recording immediately after successful coronary angioplasty. Only those patients who had been "successfully" dilated and who, during the following 2 days, had remained totally symptomless and without changes in standard ECG were selected. Arrhythmias occurred in 18 patients: 12 had supraventricular arrhythmia, including 3 prolonged attacks of tachyarrhythmia due to atrial fibrillation; 6 had ventricular arrhythmia, with numerous extrasystoles in 5 cases and bursts of ventricular tachycardia in 1 case. Changes in ventricular repolarization were recorded as: (1) isolated T-wave modification (11 patients), and (2) ST-segment depression (11 patients) reaching or exceeding 2 mn in 5 cases and lasting from 4 to 33 minutes. These silent and transient electrical abnormalities were observed mostly during the 12 hours which followed transluminal angioplasty, and particularly after dilatation of the right coronary artery. The physiopathological mechanisms of these changes are uncertain, but their occurrence has no influence on mid-term results, i.e. the follow-up coronary arteriography at 6 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Compared validity of the criteria of quantification of aortic insufficiency using pulsed and continuous Doppler].

In order to evaluate the severity of aortic valve regurgitation (AVR) by means of simple criteria, we compared the feasibility and reliability of two methods: (1) pulsed doppler ultrasound suprasternal recording in the aortic sinus area, with calculation of the regurgitation fraction by planimetry of the systolic and diastolic curves, and with measurement of end-diastolic velocity, or end-diastolic doppler effect (EDDE); this was done in 114 subjects (84 patients with AVR and 30 controls); (2) continuous wave doppler ultrasound apical recording of the left intraventricular jet, with measurement of the velocity decrease slope (S) and of the velocity half-decrease time (T 1/2); this was done in 46 patients with AVR. Doppler results were compared with Seller's angiographic classification of AVR in 4 grades. Planimetry could be performed in only 41% of patients in this series. This measurement seems to be feasible only when perfect recording of an increased systolic flow (peak velocity higher than 1.2 m/s) can be performed, which is usually limited to cases with major regurgitation. EDDE was easier to record (84/84 patients). When above 5 cm/s it is a good reflection of AVR severity, and when above 20 cm/s it indicates a major AVR (3/4 or 4/4 at angiography), with an 81% sensitivity and a 91% specificity. Continuous wave doppler ultrasound apical recording could be used in 80% of the cases (37/46 patients). With this method, a more than 3 m/s slope is a highly specific (8/8) but not very sensitive (8/13) sign of major AVR. A T 1/2 value lower than 650 ms is a specific (12/12) and sensitive (12/13) sign of severe AVR.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed1988

[Value of the continuous Doppler in the evaluation of gradients of aortic valvular stenosis in the adult].

The purpose of this study, performed in 80 patients with aortic valve stenosis, was to find out whether continuous wave doppler ultrasound was reliable in assessing the severity of the stenosis. Maximum mean and instantaneous transaortic pressure gradients obtained by continuous wave doppler were compared with maximum mean instantaneous and peak to peak gradients simultaneously obtained by cardiac catheterization. 35 patients who underwent aortic valve dilation were explored beforehand and afterwards, which brings up to 115 the total number of gradient comparisons. There was a correlation between maximum instantaneous gradient at doppler and peak to peak gradient (r = 0.62, n = 115, e = 22.5 mmHg, p less than 0.001). A similar correlation was found between maximum instantaneous gradients at doppler and haemodynamics (r = 0.64, n = 80, e = 24.5 mmHg), but correlation between mean gradients was weaker (r = 0.57, n = 80, e = 17.7 mmHg). Maximum and mean instantaneous gradients are underestimated by the doppler method. After exclusion of imperfect doppler curves, correlations were better, notably as regards mean gradients (r = 0.80, n = 18, e = 11.9 mmHg). There was a closer correlation between doppler maximum instantaneous gradients and haemodynamic peak to peak gradients in patients without aortic regurgitation (r = 0.71, n = 45, e = 17.2 mmHg) than in patients with aortic regurgitation (r = 0.54, n = 70, e = 24.3 mmHg).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Echocardiographic aspects of pericardial metastases. Apropos of 7 cases].

Modern two-dimensional imaging is of such quality that echocardiography is now capable of detecting intrapericardial formations. Three morphological types of abnormal intrapericardial echoes have been described: round masses, mattresses and linear echoes. These have been observed in effusions of various origin and seem to be lacking in aetiological specificity. In order to determine more precisely the echocardiographic signs of pericardial metastases, the authors have analyzed 7 cases of intrapericardial masses visualized in a series of 10 patients with metastatic pericardial effusion and examined in two-dimensional mode. These were echogenic and dense masses implanted on the pericardium and subject to cyclic movements linked with those of that membrane. Morphologically, they fell into two categories: round and sessile masses (6 cases) 8 to 23 mm high and 22 to 48 mm wide at their implantation; they were found mostly opposite the cardiac apex (4 cases) and/or in the lateral wall of the right ventricle (3 cases), oval formations (2 cases) which were 70 mm long and 17 mm wide in one case and 50 mm long and 15 mm wide in the other. One patient had two masses of different shapes. A review of the literature showed that these two echocardiographic images corresponded to two macroscopic types of pericardial invasion: either tumoral nodules or infiltration plaques betraying a diffuse invasion of the pericardium. All masses observed by the authors were located on the visceral leaflet of the pericardium. This predominantly epicardial location might be due to the visceral leaflet being selectively invaded by retrograde lymphatic embolization from the mediastinal lymph nodes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Doppler and valvular prostheses].

The principle of examination of prosthetic valves is not different from that of the original valves in terms of bioprosthesis. On the contrary, mechanical prosthesis are markedly opaque to ultrasounds and cause masking and non-flow phenomena behind the prosthesis, which are capable to completely hide abnormal retrograde flows, in traditional views (Apical 4 cavities to demonstrate a mitral leakage). Therefore, with mechanical prostheses, it is necessary to "cheat" and use atypical views which avoid interposition of the prosthesis between the ultrasound beam and the abnormal flow. The function of the prosthesis is evaluated on the following parameters: maximum transprosthetic velocity, maximum instant gradient, mean gradient and functional prosthetic area derived either from T1/2 or from the application of the continuity equation. The main factors of transprosthetic Max. V and gradients are the type and size of the prosthesis, the age of the prosthesis is only a factor for bioprostheses, and the cardiac rate and output. The golden rule is therefore to record, one month after the procedure, the Doppler characteristics of any new prosthesis, the patient being his own reference, year after year. Finally the characteristic manifestations of various dysfunctions are presented.

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed1988

[Idiopathic mitral valve prolapse and prolapse leakage. Study using Doppler ultrasound in 51 cases].

This study concerns 51 cases of mitral valve prolapse demonstrated on bidimensional 4 cavities sonography according to Gilbert's criteria and aims to determine the frequency of the associated valvular involvement, anatomically with sonography and functionally with the Doppler test. Sonography demonstrates a tricuspid valve prolapse in 79 p. cent of the cases and an aortic valve prolapse in 10 p. cent. The Doppler test demonstrates a tricuspid leakage in 52 p. cent of the cases, a pulmonary leakage in 62 p. cent, and an aortic leakage in 18 p. cent. The myxoid degeneration found in 60 p. cent of the cases is a major factor in the occurrence of complications, especially progressive cardiac insufficiency (A). The myxoid degeneration defines therefore the "isolated prolapse disease" as opposed to "the prolapse without myxoid degeneration" which is a pure sonographic entity and probably a variation of the normal (A). This cardiac insufficiency occurs late during the 6th or 7th decade and is due to mechanical factors: prolapse, chords rupture and annular dilatation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Prevalence of human T-lymphotropic retroviruses type III (HIV) and type IV in Ivory Coast.

Serological investigations in the Ivory Coast indicate that, despite the rarity of overt acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is widely prevalent. So also is human T-lymphotropic virus type IV (HTLV-IV). The highest rates of HIV and HTLV-IV seropositivity were observed in female prostitutes. These findings suggest that, like HIV, HTLV-IV can be transmitted by heterosexual contact, and that the mobility of prostitutes may be an important factor in spread of the retroviruses in Africa. The incidence of HIV-associated AIDS in the Ivory Coast is likely to rise sharply in the next few years.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗