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Biomedical subjects

J L Murphy

Publications and source records attributed to J L Murphy.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Increases in plasma beta-endorphin and tail flick latency in the rat following burn injury.

In children with burn injuries we found, in earlier studies, an inverse association of plasma beta-endorphin immunoactivity (iB-EP) and pain levels. To further explore the effects of burn trauma on the peripheral release of beta-endorphin and the occurrence of centrally mediated stress analgesia, plasma iB-EP levels and tail flick latency (TFL) were measured in rats subjected (while anesthetized) to scald injury. In comparison to sham burn (dip in tepid water), burn injury increased plasma iB-EP and TFL; both the duration and magnitude of these effects were directly proportional to the extent of burns. In rats receiving no treatment, TFLs were unchanged throughout the time of the burn experiments. At 2 days post-burn TFLs were invariably back to pre-burn levels. Administration of the long-acting opioid antagonist naltrexone prior to burn injury prevented the rise in TFL. Thus the trauma of burns appeared to bring about a stress-induced analgesia (SIA). The marked increase in iB-EP during this SIA and its antagonism by naltrexone suggest that it was opioid and hormonal in character.

Analgesia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nutritional management in cystic fibrosis--an alternative perspective in gastrointestinal function.

The gastrointestinal problems in cystic fibrosis (CF) may limit energy and nutrient availability and also cause symptoms such as abdominal pain and disturbed bowel habit which may further suppress appetite or alter the diet. Taken together this may lead to an inadequate supply of energy and nutrients to meet the nutritional requirements of the individual resulting in restricted growth or weight loss. A failure to optimize the digestive and absorptive capacity of the gastrointestinal tract places greater emphasis upon nutritional management by food intake alone. Practitioners need to focus more on gastrointestinal dysfunction in CF and its impact upon food intake in order to improve the efficacy of nutritional management. Refined stable isotopic tracers allow further exploration of the pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal tract in terms of nutrient availability. In clinical practice, a closer assessment of gastrointestinal function is supported by the use of simple, noninvasive tools which, both objectively and systematically, characterize those patients who have problems.

Cystic Fibrosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Used of a guide-wire inserted catheter for acute peritoneal dialysis.

Peritoneal dialysis was performed in 18 children using a new guide-wire inserted catheter technique. Catheter insertion was complicated only by mild bleeding in one patient. The catheters drained well immediately after insertion in 17 of the 18 patients. Catheters were used for an average of 6 days, with a range up to 16 days. Dialysate volumes could be increased quickly in most patients. Late complications were leakage (2), peritonitis (4) and obstruction (3). Leakage did not interfere with dialysis. The peritonitis episodes, which occurred between days 6 and 16 of dialysis, resolved satisfactorily with appropriate antibiotic therapy. The guide-wire catheter can be inserted and used for short term peritoneal dialysis in children.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytology of nephrogenic adenoma of the urinary bladder. A report of four cases.

All urine cytology specimens of four patients with biopsy-proven nephrogenic adenoma were reviewed. The specimens revealed the presence of atypical or suspicious epithelial cells as long as one and one-half years before the diagnosis of nephrogenic adenoma was established. Most of the atypical cells were vacuolated, and some were considered suspicious for adenocarcinoma initially. Such suspicious cells in the urine of a patient at risk for development of nephrogenic adenoma should not be confused with those of an adenocarcinoma.

Adenoma↗