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Biomedical subjects

J L Larsen

Publications and source records attributed to J L Larsen.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

The lumbar spinal canal in children. Part I: The sagittal diameter.

The sagittal diameter of the lumbar spinal canal has been measured on the radiographs of 100 children in age groups from three to fourteen years, both ages included. Corrections have been made for the factors of magnification, leading to the conclusion that the diameter does not vary significantly in the different age groups. The values correspond well to those given in previous anatomical investigations based upon adult skeletal material. The belief that the sagittal diameter increases in childhood appears to be due to disregard of the radiological enlargement. An hour-glass like shape of the lumbar spinal canal with narrowing at the third and fourth lumbar levels is present already from the age of 3.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The lumbar spinal canal in children. Part II: the interpedicular distance and its relation to the sagittal diameter and transverse pedicular width.

The lumbar interpedicular distance in 100 children aged 3-15 years have been determined radiologically before and after correction for magnification in the different age groups. The increase by age was approximately 2,5 mm in the upper four lumbar levels and 3,3 mm in L5. The difference between the vertebral levels was almost similar in the different age groups. A rather weak correlation between the interpedicular distance and the sagittal diameter of the spinal canal was found, strongest at the fourth lumbar level. No correlation was found between the interpedicular distance and the size of the pedicles. The results are discussed with reference to the pertinent embryology and with emphasis on the implications with regards to stenosis of the lumbar spinal canal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

In vitro antibiotic sensitivity testing of Vibrio alginolyticus.

V. alginolyticus from environmental sources of different geographical areas and some human pathogenic strains were investigated for their sensitivity to 29 different antimicrobial agents, using the agar diffusion method. All strains were sensitive to Gentamicin, Neomycin, Sulfaisodimidin, Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim, Rifamycin, Nalidixan and Linco-Spectin and all except one to Trimethoprim, Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol, Nitrofurantoin and Tobramycin. Between 80 and 94% of tested strains were sensitive to Clindamycin, Cephalotin, Kanamycin, Tylosin and Spiramycin, while Ampicillin, Vancomycin and Novobiocin were effective to approximately 50%. A high percentage of resistance was found to Meticillin, Carbenicillin and Lincomycin. All strains were resistant to Penicillin and Fucidin. No variation in sensitivity pattern between environmental strains isolated from different areas was detected. Great correlation was found among environmental and human pathogenic strains, which could be helpful as guidance in therapy.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1980

Size of the subarachnoid space in stenosis of the lumbar canal.

Measurements of the subarachnoid space at myelography were carried out in three groups of patients, one group with stenosis of the lumbar spinal canal, one group without stenosis, and one intermediate group. Although spinal canal stenosis is most prominent at disc levels, the results demonstrate decreased sagittal diameter at mid-vertebral body level as well. The mean transverse diameters did not differ in three groups. This points towards congenital or developmental factors as the basic abnormality in the majority of patients with stenosis of the lumbar spinal canal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Vertebral body size in lumbar spinal canal stenosis.

The transverse and sagittal diameters of the lumbar vertebral bodies have been compared in patients with symptoms and myelographic findings consistent with stenosis of the lumbar canal, in patients with some narrowing of the lumbar canal, and in patients without clinical or myelographic indication of stenosis. No significant difference in the measured diameters was found.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Arachnoidal diverticula and cystlike dilatations of the nerve-root sheaths in lumbar myelography.

Diverticulum-like widening of one or several nerve-root sheaths was found in 24 of 136 patients examined by lumbar myelography. No clinical significance of the diverticula was demonstrated. The roots most commonly affected were the S 1 and S 2 roots, carrying approximately 60 per cent of the diverticula. A system of classification according to morphology and to size compared with the root involved is proposed. A relationship between magasac and arachnoidal diverticula is confirmed.

Arachnoid↗
PubMed1979

Transsphenoidal meningocele with hypothalamic insufficiency.

A 16-year-old girl with transsphenoidal meningocele and signs of hypothalamic insufficiency is presented. Hormonal disturbances have been reported in only three similar cases in the literature. The radiological criteria for the diagnosis are discussed with emphasis on the differential diagnosis of a persistent cranipharyngeal canal. Based on the present case and studies of the pertinent literature we propose that all patients exhibiting signs of dysraphism of the base of the skull should be thoroughly investigated for hormonal disturbances. Children with cleft palate should be examined for possible concomitant dysraphism of the skull.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

On the symmetry and asymmetry of the bifurcation of the common carotid artery: a study of bilateral carotid angiograms in 100 adults.

Bilateral carotid angiograms of the neck in 100 consecutive adult patients show the bifurcation of the left common carotid artery to be located cranial to the right in 50% of the cases, while the right bifurcation was higher in 22%. The origin of the internal carotid artery was at the dorsal or dorsolateral aspect of the common carotid artery in 82% on the right side and in 94% on the left, while a dorsomedial or medial origin was found in 18% on the right side and in 6% on the left.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Delay of retinal fluorescence as a death criterion].

Retinal fluoroscopy with measurement of the arm to retina circulation time can be used to evaluate the blood supply to the brain. When the brain tissue suffers from ischaemia as a result of circulatory failure, the arm to retina circulation time will be prolonged. Sixteen patients in deep coma resulting from serious cerebral disease were examined to verify cerebral ischaemia. The results of retinal fluoroscopy and cerebral angiography agreed. We find that retinal fluoroscopy is a simple and reliable method that can be used to detect brain death in comatose patients treated by automatic ventilation. We conclude that the main cerebral circulation can be regarded as occluded if the retinal fluorescence does not appear within 25 seconds after antecubital intravenous injection of fluoresceine. We suggest that the arm to retina circulation time exceeding 25 seconds may be used as a criterion of death.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Variation of immunoglobulin G and total protein concentrations during lumbar cerebrospinal fluid collection.

In successive lumbar samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), each consisting of 5 ml, immunoglobulin G (IgG) and total protein were determined. Variation was studied by comparing the values in the initial sample with values in succeeding samples. In 13 out of 17 patients, IgG was reduced in sample 2. There was no reduction in the following samples. The concentration of IgG in sample 2 was below 50% of the concentration in sample 1 in 2 patients and below 70% in 9 patients. IgG was also reduced if the concentration in each sample was given as percent of the total protein concentration. The total protein concentration was not significantly reduced during collection of 25 ml of CSF. IgG was increased in sample 2 in 3 out of the 4 patients with neurological diseases since childhood. In 1 patient there was a considerable rise in the total protein concentration after collection of the first 5 ml, without a corresponding rise of IgG concentration. In clinical practice, the portion to which the CSF sample belongs should be noted, and comparison of values from various patients should be made between equivalent samples.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The ulcus-syndrome in cod (Gadus morhua). III. A preliminary virological report.

A bullet shaped virus presumably belonging to the Rhabdoviridae was isolated from a pool of 7 cods (Gadus morhua) with the ulcus-syndrome. This virus measured 55 x 175 nm. The virus caused CPE in PS (pike sarcoma) cells, but not in a number of other cell lines. From the same pool another virus was isolated in EPC (epithelia carp) cells. This virus was an icosahedron of 145 nm and most likely to be placed in the family Iridoviridae. Electronmicroscopic examination of papules from another 13 cods with the ulcus-syndrome failed to reveal any virus. Attempts to isolate virus from 33 individual cases of the ulcus-syndrome were successful in one single case only. The two viruses have not consistently been isolated from cods with the ulcus symdrome, but on the other hand they have never been isolated from cods without the ulcus-syndrome.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Myelography in Guillain-Barré syndrome (acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy).

The Guillain-Barré syndrome has been studied by lumbar myelography with watersoluble contrast media in seven cases. Abnormalities, which consisted of widening of the nerve roots and obliteration of the root sleeves, were found in three of them. It is possible that myelography accentuated the symptoms in one case while the rest tolerated the examination well.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Retinal haemorrhage as a complication of gas encephalography and gas myelography. Prospective study using oxgen gas with a discussion of pathogenetic mechanisms.

Seventy patients, submitted to oxygen encephalography and oxygen myelography, were examined by retinal funduscopy to establish the incidence of intraocular haemorrhages, a complication reported to be frequent by other investigators. We did not discover any retinal haemorrhages. Pathogenetic factors influencing intracranial or intraocular venous pressure or both are discussed, particularly the effect due to different technical procedures during the examination, and the type of anaesthesia used.

Adolescent↗