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Biomedical subjects

J L Durand

Publications and source records attributed to J L Durand.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Congenital stenosis of the piriform aperture: a cause of respiratory distress in newborn infants. Review of the literature, from 2 cases].

Congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis is a rare cause of neonatal airway obstruction. Computed tomography confirms the diagnosis and delineates the anomaly. This abnormality can be isolated or associated with abnormalities of the midface. The two options are surgical or medical treatment. The surgical treatment usually used is a surgical enlargement of the nasal pyriform aperture via a sublabial approach. We report 2 cases of congenital nasal stenosis treated successfully by an inter-maxillary disjunction followed by an expandable palatal plate. This simple and low morbidity technique allowed a durable transversal augmentation of the pyriform apertures.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1997

[The history of cranioplasty].

Cranioplasties were first performed at the dawn of the history of medicine, as they usually constitute the repair phase of trephination. In preColumbian civilizations, they usually consisted of simple interposition of metal sheets under the scalp. Hippocrates and especially Galien prohibited this surgery and their principles were respected until the 18th century, although a remarkable surgeon, Van Meekeren, succeeded in performing a heterologous cranial bone graft from dog to man in 1668. The discovery of the osteogenic role of periosteum by Duhamel in 1742 opened the way to new research. During the 19th century, there was an extraordinary growth of science, during which all of the bases of the modern medical approach were established. For example, the studies by Ollier in 1859 allowed the first cranial reconstructions by heterologous, homologous and autologous bone transfers. The large number of head injuries left by the First World War promoted the growth of bone cranioplasties, as shown by Delagénière. The discovery of antibiotics allowed the reintroduction of cranioplasties using inert materials such as acrylic resins. However, their excessive use was complicated by numerous cases of infectious rejection. At the end of the 20th century, microsurgery and molecular biology have provided solutions, but have still not resolved the dilemma between reconstructions by autologous or foreign materials.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Smoking and pregnancy: search for a correlation between cotininemia and Doppler findings].

OBJECTIVE: To search for a possible correlation between an effective marker of smoking and uterine and placental resistance during pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective study was conducted at the Intercommunal Hospital Center of Montreuil, France: 81 healthy pregnant women underwent uterine and placental Doppler and cotidin blood assay, the best current test for smoking. RESULTS: This study shows a significative increase of utero-placental vascular resistances according with increased cotidine levels. CONCLUSIONS: The previously observed association between smoking and perinatal events most likely involves vascular resistance of uterus and placenta.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Automated system for the inhalation administration of anesthetics in a closed circuit].

A rebreathing closed-circuit (Dräger) has been modified adjoining an automated device to inject volatile anaesthetics, thus replacing the usual vaporizer. The input of anaesthetic drug is separated from that of fresh gases: its rate of administration can thus be maintained precisely. This apparatus leads to obtain and maintain any desired concentration of the required anaesthetic. In our experiences, this device allows for a very satisfactory regulation of the alveolar concentration of the volatile anaesthetic. In addition, this apparatus is able to measure the injected volume of liquid anaesthetic and includes several devices aimed at increasing both safety and versatility.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1989

[Pre-decision algorithms for the induction of ovulation in fertilization in vitro].

The success of medically assisted procreation techniques depends on the influence of numerous parameters and, especially the quality of ovarian hyperstimulation. The need of a homogeneous treatment within the medical team has led us to elaborate a system of assistance in decision making in terms of stimulation of ovulation. A first system was developed for a classical stimulation protocol, type clomiphene-gonadotropin. The limited number of decision making parameters (six) as well as the limited number of therapeutic decisions (six) has enabled us to developed a particularly performing algorithm system.

Algorithms↗