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Biomedical subjects

J L Bonnet

Publications and source records attributed to J L Bonnet.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Influence of caloric intake on the respiratory mode during mandatory minute volume ventilation.

Mandatory minute volume ventilation has been proposed as a method for weaning patients from ventilators. The purpose of this study was to delineate the influence of caloric intake on spontaneous ventilation in patients receiving mandatory minute volume ventilation. While the value of such ventilation remained unchanged, eight patients were studied at the following three different levels of daily caloric intake: (1) level A, mean of 223 kcal/sq m; (2) level B, mean of 1,380 kcal/sq m; and (3) level C, mean of 2,100 kcal/sq m. We performed gas exchange measurements and a 24-hour recording of ventilation with a monitoring system providing distinction between spontaneous and mechanical cycles. We found that the ventilatory mode was markedly dependent upon the nutritional intake; the percentage of spontaneous ventilation over 24 hours increased from 11 +/- 7 percent (+/- SE) during diet A to 50 +/- 9 percent during diet B and 79 +/- 8 percent during diet C. This increment paralleled the increase in production of carbon dioxide with caloric intake. We suggest therefore that the patient's ability to breathe spontaneously when receiving mandatory minute volume ventilation should be interpreted according to caloric intake.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Increase in partial arterial carbon dioxide pressure due to parenteral nutrition during artificial ventilation].

The influence of increased enteral caloric intakes on respiratory gas exchanges was evaluated in 6 patients (5 men, 1 woman; mean-age: 54 years) in steady state and requiring continuous ventilatory support. Oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), respiratory quotient (R), determined using an open circuit indirect calorimetric method, and arterial blood gases were measured on two consecutive days while ventilation conditions were unchanged. On the first day, the patients received a water diet only and on the following day an enteral caloric load (1491 +/- 65 Kcal/m2/24 h). The results showed a significant increase in VO2 (p less than 0.05) and R (p less than 0.001) and a rise in VCO2 from 106 +/- 4 to 139 +/- 9 ml/mn/m2 (p less than 0.01). The rise in VCO2 induced an increase of arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) from 26.3 +/- 1.6 to 34.4 +/- 2.4 mmHg (p less than 0.001). This study showed that because of the constancy of alveolar ventilation, the enteral nutrition-related increase of VCO2 is responsible for a PaCO2 increase and emphasized the need for adjusting artificial ventilation to any change in caloric intake in patients supported with mechanical ventilation.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed1983

[Hyperthermia during parenteral nutrition].

In a woman with caustic burn of the oesophagus total parenteral nutrition (3000 calories, 16 g nitrogen daily) resulted in a rise in body temperature from 37 to 39 degrees C. Temperature returned to normal when nutrition was discontinued to rise again when it was resumed. No infection or other cause of fever was detected. This case suggests that high calorie and nitrogen parenteral nutrition may induce hyperthermia, the possible mechanisms of which are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Dilatation of the urethra by inflatable balloon catheter].

An inflatable balloon catheter of the Gruntzig type was used to dilate the urethra of 25 patients. The procedure involves atraumatic catheterization by a vascular catheter under televised urethroscopy, followed by introduction on a flexible guide of the balloon catheter which is then inflated. The stenosis is visible on the balloon and the rapidity with which it "yields" can readily be appreciated. Control of dilatation is effected by voiding urethrography. This method entails much less discomfort than conventional urethral dilatation. No complication was observed in this series. Stenosis recurred in 3 patients who subsequently underwent a second balloon dilatation.

Dilatation↗
PubMed1982

[Biliary lithiasis in patients over 75. 100 cases operated upon (author's transl)].

This is a retrospective study of 100 elderly patients (36 men and 64 women aged 75 years or more) operated upon for biliary tract calculi. Thirty-one patients had one or several underlying visceral diseases and 5 had associated carcinoma of the digestive tract. Calculi of the common bile duct were present in 48 cases, and 41 patients had acute infection, including cholecystitis (14) and cholangitis (27). Surgery included cholecystectomy in every case and opening of the common bile duct in 49 cases with either choledocho-duodenal anastomosis (31 cases) or external biliary drainage (18 cases). Only one patient with gastric carcinoma died. The morbidity rate was low (11 post-operative complications) and each group of patients spent about the same time in hospital. Neither mortality nor morbidity were aggravated by the presence of calculi in the common bile duct and/or acute infection. In uncomplicated lithiasis the surgical indications mainly depend upon the severity of underlying visceral diseases. Early intervention seems desirable in most patients with acute cholecystitis or cholangitis. Surgery of the biliary tract is basically the same in elderly and in young patients, but the operation must be simple and, if possible, complete. The quality of medical surveillance and nursing has considerable influence on the results.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Percutaneous renal angioplasty].

Renal angioplasty was performed in twenty hypertensive patients, and good immediate results were obtained in 18 cases. One unsuccessful result was due to insufficient dilatation of a stenosed renal artery, and another from an accident during dissection of the aortic wall in contact with the renal ostium. Repeated dilatation was necessary in two cases following recurrence of stenosis. A high percentage improvement in the hypertension was obtained: 12 cases recovered and there was marked improvement in 4 other patients, treatment being effective, therefore, in 16 of the 20 patients operated upon. The published literature is reviewed, and emphasis placed on the need for treatment by surgeons experienced in angiography examinations, in close collaboration with the medical and surgical team, the later being ready to intervene if the slightest complication of a surgical nature develops.

Angiography↗
PubMed1979

[A case of distal mesenteric arteritis (author's transl)].

A case is reported of distal mesenteric arteritis discovered during operation and confirmed by arteriography. The arteritis was probably not inflammatory in origin, but could have been due to atheroma. Only one other case of this type has been reported.

Arteritis↗