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J L Binet

Publications and source records attributed to J L Binet.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Visualization of the endogenous NF-kappa B p50 subunit in the nucleus of follicular dendritic cells in germinal centers.

NF-kappa B, a 50 kDa/65 kDa (p50/p65) heterodimer, is a ubiquitous transcription factor involved in the positive regulation of various immune genes. The aim of this study was to determine whether NF-kappa B is related to a particular cell type and/or differentiation step during immunopoiesis. Using in situ hybridization on sections from non HIV hyperplastic lymph nodes, we found that the gene of the 105 kDa precursor of p50 was overexpressed in the light zone of germinal centers, with a network aspect, which suggested the involvement of follicular dendritic cells (FDC). By immunohistochemistry, p50 protein was detected in the cytoplasm and nucleus of FDC, confirming the involvement of FDC. Furthermore, p50 protein was detected in the cytoplasm of all lymphocytes. Thus, we focused our study on isolated FDC clusters from normal tonsils. As showed on tissue sections, we detected the p50 in both cytoplasm and nucleus of FDC. Nuclei of lymphocytes from FDC clusters were negative. We next studied p65 and c-Rel protein expression in FDC clusters. p65 was detected in the cytoplasm of FDC, whereas nuclei were negative. Furthermore, p65 was detected in the nuclei of some lymphocytes. c-Rel protein was detected only in the cytoplasm of lymphocytes and not in the nucleus and cytoplasm of FDC. Our results indicated that, in the context of T cell-dependent B cell immunopoiesis occurring in FDC clusters, p50 is mainly related to FDC with a massive overexpression in the nuclei, whereas p65 is expressed in a scattered manner in the nuclei of lymphocytes and c-Rel protein exclusively in the cytoplasm of lymphocytes from FDC clusters. These results suggested that the two subunits of NF-kappa B and the c-Rel protein have different roles in different cell types during B cell immunopoiesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Performance evaluation of the haematological analyser Cell-Dyn 3000 (Abbott).

The Abbott Cell Dyn (CD) 3000 is an automatic analyser, designed to give a complete blood count (CBC) and white blood cell differential (WBCD) by 4 angle diffraction analysis. This instrument was evaluated by comparison of results obtained with those obtained from a Technicon H1 analyser and by microscopic examination. Technical performances with regard to reproducibility, linearity and carryover was acceptable and in normal samples there was close correlation with the optical method (R > 0.9) for neutrophils (NE), lymphocytes (LY) and eosinophils (EO). Correlation for monocytes (MO) and basophils (BA) was poorer but without clinical consequences. Significant thresholds for immature granulocyte (IG) and variant lymphocyte (VL) flags were determined and using these thresholds the false positive rate was reduced to 7%. In haematological diseases, no false negatives were observed as all samples were flagged. However, since no case of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) was studied, the detection of lymphoblasts which is known to present difficulties for analysers remains to be evaluated. Blasts in acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) and hairy cells were recognised, while in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) it was possible to define 3 groups according to the flags released. The CD appears to be a satisfactory analyser for use in general or haematological laboratories performing a large number of WBCD per day.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Sites of lymphomas].

Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas are malignant tumours of lymphotic tissue. They predominantly involve the lymph nodes but may affect all organs. The distribution of lymphomas is summarized in the Ann Arbor classification into two types of extranodal tumours: localized primary lymphomas and secondary lymphomas expressing a disseminated disease. The most frequent sites of secondary lymphomas are the bone marrow and the liver, while those of primary lymphomas are the digestive tract and the E.N.T. region. The diagnosis is complicated by the clinical polymorphism of extranodal lymphomas, particularly when the tumour is located in regions such as the brain, where histological samples are difficult to obtain. The prognosis does not rest on the multiplicity of clinical presentations but exclusively on the histology and size of the tumoral mass. Only cerebromeningeal and cutaneous lymphomas require special treatments.

Female↗
PubMed1993

Germinal center analysis with the tools of mathematical morphology on graphs.

Only few studies devoted to quantitative analysis of tissue architecture have been performed. The analysis of neighborhood relationships between cells, using graphs and mathematical morphology (MM), constitutes one approach. We propose to analyse quantitatively the architecture of a tissue with the tools of MM on graphs. The use of graphs seems best suited to take into account the neighborhood relationships between cells, independently from their mutual distances: two cells are considered as neighbors if no interfering cell is placed in a given sense between them. Such neighboring cells are linked by an arc in a graph. On such a graph, all tools of MM may be applied. We investigate two of them in the present work: (1) the distance transforms permits to analyse the repartition of a cellular population A relative to population B, (2) the size distribution permits to analyse the tendancy of a cell population to form clusters. We have applied this method using Gabriel's graph, derived from the Voronoï diagram, to determine the "zone of influence" of a cell. We have analysed the neighborhood relationships between cells in germinal centers (GC) from lymph nodes. Twelve hyperplastic GCs from follicular hyperplasia (FH) and 5 neoplastic GCs from small cleaved cell follicular lymphoma (++SCCFL) have been studied; 2 microns hematoxylin-eosin plastic embedded sections have been analysed. Cell nuclei have been identified manually by the observer by giving a numerical and image color code. Gabriel's graphs have been constructed with all centrofollicular cells. Subgraphs with only lymphoid cells, large cells or small cleaved cells have also been studied. The application of MM transformations on the graphs using software package Morphograph has allowed a quantitative description of cell distribution in the tissue. The distances of centrofollicular lymphoid cells from the periphery of the GCs (mantle zone), from nonlymphoid cells as macrophages located within the GCs and between large lymphoid cells and small lymphoid cells have been determined in FH and SCCFL. Using iterative closings and openings, we have detected aggregates of small and large cells and characterized their size and distribution in the GCs. The application of this method on lymph node biopsy has allowed a quantitative description and comparison of GCs in different pathological conditions.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1993

Treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. French Co-operative Group on CLL.

The variable course of the disease, the advanced age of most patients and the absence of uniform criteria to evaluate treatment have constituted important setbacks in the therapy of CLL. The advent of clinical staging systems, which allow the identification of patients with different risks and the planning of appropriate therapy, constitutes a major advance. Results of trials based on these staging systems have demonstrated that treatment of patients with CLL in early stage is of no benefit and may even be harmful. By contrast, there is general agreement that patients in advanced stage should be treated. Chlorambucil, either daily or intermittently, and given alone or with corticosteroids, remains the most commonly used drug. Other single agents used in CLL include prednisone, busulphan and cyclophosphamide. Results are often comparable with those observed with chlorambucil alone, although sometimes with more toxicity. The benefit in survival terms of all these drugs remains to be proved. New agents, such as fludarabine, 2-deoxycoformycin and 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine, offer promise. However, the superiority of these drugs over chlorambucil needs to be demonstrated in randomized trials. Most combination therapy regimens have failed to show advantage over chlorambucil with or without prednisone when compared in clinical trials. In a previous randomized trial, the French Co-operative Group on CLL showed a beneficial role for low-dose adriamycin given with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone (mini-CHOP) in patients with stage C disease. However, these results were obtained in a small series of patients and need to be confirmed. Splenectomy can be considered in patients with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia or thrombocytopenia, with splenic destruction. Radiotherapy, administered either as 32P, total body irradiation, extracorporeal irradiation of blood or thymic irradiation, is effective in a few patients, but severe myelosuppression is a frequent sequel. Splenic irradiation has more often been used when splenectomy was difficult in the case of massive splenomegaly or immune cytopenia. New strategies, including the use of biological response modifiers (interferons, interleukins 2 and 4, erythropoietin, cyclosporine and monoclonal antibodies either alone or conjugated with immunotoxins), are presently under study. So far, only transient effects have been observed. Although complete remission in classical terms is frequently observed with these therapies, clonal remission is a very rare event and cure cannot be achieved.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Fludarabine phosphate in chronic lymphoproliferative diseases. The French Group on CLL.

The review of Phase II trials in patients treated by Fludarabine phosphate (Fludara I.V) has been demonstrated to have unequivocal benefit for some patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) non Hodgkin lymphoma and macroglobulinemia. Comparison of Fludara I.V with other treatment regimens is now studied in randomised protocols for B and C stages of CLL.

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1993

Basket cells or shadow cells of Gumprecht: a scanning electron microscope study, and the correlation between percentages of basket cells, and cells with altered chromatin structure (dense cells), in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

For over 50 years the received wisdom has been that the shadow cells of Gumprecht otherwise known as basket cells (BC) are in artefact, produced during preparation of films when a drop of blood is spread on a slide. The assumption has been that they are therefore of no significance. They are commonly seen in blood films from patients with lymphoproliferative syndromes and particularly in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In 96 patients with CLL a statistically significant correlation existed between the basket cells observed in films and the lymphocytes with dense chromatin (DC) determined by flow-cytometry. There was no statistically significant correlation between the number of BC and DC, and the anatomic-clinical stage of the disease.

Chromatin↗
PubMed1993

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma revealed by a surgically cured cardiac valve lymphomatous involvement in an Iranian woman: clinical, immunopathological and viromolecular studies.

A 60-year-old woman from the town of Mashhad in northeastern Iran developed cardiac failure due to aortic and mitral regurgitations which needed cardiac valve replacement. Histopathological study of the valves revealed a T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Blood examination showed leukemic features with 32% of abnormal white blood cells. Human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I) antibodies were present in the serum and the specific env HTLV-I sequences were detected in the DNA extracted from the valves and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) using polymerase chain reaction technique. Clonal integration of two HTLV-I copies was found in both the valves and PBMC DNA, thus the diagnosis of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) was established. In contrast to the acute life-threatening cardiac localization, our case met the diagnostic criteria of chronic ATL, this was confirmed by favorable evolution without chemotherapy during the 24 months after diagnosis. According to our knowledge, this is the first report of an isolated lymphomatous cardiac valve involvement, without other cardiac abnormalities. It seems important to underline that the patient originated from Iran where endemicity of HTLV-I has only recently been discovered.

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed1993

[Automation in hematologic cytology].

Automation in hematological cytology can identify blood cells in suspension by new parameters: electrical field variations, light intensity modifications absorbtion or diffraction by one or two lasers, fluorescence intensity, cytochemical reactions or specific lysis. The new technology change the strategy of hematological laboratories. Automation realizes perfectly the white blood cell differential and modifies hematological language with respect to anemia and white blood cells diseases.

Automation↗
PubMed1993

Modality treatment in adult stage I-II Hodgkin's disease with large mediastinal masses: study of 30 cases and review of the literature.

From January 1980 to December 1989, 30 untreated patients with supradiaphragmatic Hodgkin's disease (HD) stage IA to IIBE, presenting a mediastinal mass with mediastinal to thoracic ratio (MTR) > or = 0.33, were treated by combined modality therapy. None had staging laparotomy and the range of MTR was 0.33 to 0.60 (mean 0.43). In the entire group. MOPP chemotherapy (2 or 3 cycles) was followed by mantle irradiation of 40-45 Grays over 26 to 30 days and paraaortic-splenic pedicle irradiation of 30 Grays over 19 days. Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 26 of 30 patients (87%). The remaining 4 patients who failed to respond to initial chemotherapy received salvage chemotherapy and/or autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). With a median follow-up time of 72 months (range 11 to 131 months), overall survival and disease free survival (DFS) were 86% and 78% respectively at 10 years. Five relapses were observed after 10 to 63 months of CR. Among five patients (3 relapsing and 2 failing to respond) who received intensive chemotherapy and/or ABMT, complete remission was obtained in 4 (80%). Univariate analysis of different risk factors such as age, systemic symptoms, E-lesions, histological subtype, sex, MTR and response to initial chemotherapy indicated that early response to chemotherapy was the only significant factor influencing overall survival (p < 0.001). Intensive chemotherapy with ABMT is suggested for patients failing to respond to initial chemotherapy or relapsing after combined modality treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Alterations in natural anticoagulant levels during allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: a prospective study in 27 patients.

The natural anticoagulants (antithrombin III, protein C, protein S), plasminogen and tissue plasminogen activator antigen (t-PA ag), were measured in 27 consecutive patients following allogeneic BMT. Thrombosis and veno-occlusive disease were not seen in this study. Changes in the levels of these proteins occurred mainly during acute GVHD. There were 14 patients who had no acute GVHD (group I) and 13 patients who had acute GVHD (group II). No changes in antithrombin III (ATIII), protein C, protein S and t-PA levels were found in group II before the appearance of acute GVHD when compared with group I. However, we noted a significant rise in protein S (p = 0.01), antithrombin III (p = 0.001) and t-PA ag (p = 0.0004) levels during acute GVHD. In contrast, protein C levels decreased early in GVHD (p = 0.005), and then increased progressively over the course of a month post-GVHD. No changes in plasminogen levels were observed. These results might reflect activation of and/or damage to endothelial cells during GVHD.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Comparative quantitative study of Ki-67 antibody staining in 78 B and T cell malignant lymphoma (ML) using two image analyser systems.

Total Ki-67 stained area percentage was studied in 32 B and 46 T malignant lymphomas (ML) using two different image analyser systems (TAS, Leitz; SAMBA TM 2005, TITN) respectively. The total Ki-67 area percentage was highly correlated to the number of Ki-67 positive cellular profiles (B-ML, r = 0.93; T-ML, r = 0.88), indicating that area percentage is a reliable alternative method to the manual cell counting. Image analysis allows quicker measurements, appropriate to large and strictly lymphomatous regions. The cell image processor (SAMBA TM 2005, TITN) linked to a color video camera was more suitable for immunohistochemical sections and allowed more automated and faster measurements than the texture analyser (TAS, Leitz) linked with a black and white camera. Alkaline phosphatase technique with fast red as chromogen was more suitable for the detection of Ki-67 stained area by thresholding than peroxidase technique with aminoethylcarbazol or with diaminobenzidine as chromogens. Significant differences were found between low and high grade in B and T ML according to the Kiel classification (mean values +/- SD of 7.7 +/- 3.8% and 16.6 +/- 6.2% in B-ML and of 10.2 +/- 7.9% and 25.6 +/- 16.3% in T-ML respectively). In follicular B-ML, considering follicular areas only, values were comparable to high grade ML; angioimmunoblastic-lymphadenopathy-like (AILD-type) T-ML belonging to low grade ML showed similar values to pleomorphic T-ML with medium and/or large cells belonging to high grade ML.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of residual disease in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients in clinical and bone-marrow remission using CD5-CD19 markers and PCR study of gene rearrangements.

We evaluated minimal residual disease (MRD) in 23 CD5 + B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients who achieved clinico-hematological remission confirmed by bone-marrow biopsy. MRD was evaluated by dual marker analysis flow-cytometry using CD5 and CD19 markers, and by the study of Ig heavy chain gene rearrangements using the fast polymerase chain reaction (PCR). According to our laboratory conditions patients were considered to be in complete phenotypic remission when total CD19+ cells were < 25% and the ratio of CD5 + CD19 + /CD19 + cells was < 25%. According to these strict criteria only 9 of the 23 patients were in complete phenotypic remission. In order to evaluate the sensitivity of the above method, PCR analysis of the configuration of the Ig heavy chain gene region was performed in 12 of these patients. Five of 7 patients in complete phenotypic remission retained a detectable monoclonal rearrangement of the Ig heavy chain gene. For the remaining 5 patients in partial phenotypic remission, only one failed to show a monoclonal band and this is probably explained by the presence of an unusual gene rearrangement. In conclusion, this study suggests that PCR is more sensitive than dual marker flow-cytometry for evaluation of residual disease and that it is indeed possible to achieve complete remission at the molecular level, in B-CLL. Nevertheless, we suggest a word of caution as this was a retrospective study, and samples were not assessed before treatment. Thus the possibility that apparent molecular remission might correspond to unusual gene rearrangements cannot be completely excluded in these cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and AIDS: histopathologic features].

HIV-related non-hodgkin lymphomas currently occur in 5 to 8% of AIDS patients. AIDS-related lymphomas are high-grade tumors with the morphologic characteristics of either small noncleaved cell lymphomas of the Burkitt type or large cell centroblastic and immunoblastic lymphomas. Mixed features may be found, making classification difficult. Useful methods for characterizing AIDS-related non-hodgkin's lymphomas include immunophenotypic studies using B-cell differentiation and activation antigens (HLA-DR, CD10, CD19, CD20, CD21, CD22, CD23, CD38), evaluation of expression of surface immunoglobulins (IgS), activation and proliferation (CD25, CD30, CD71, Ki67), and identification of T-cell markers (CD1, CD2, CD3, CD4, CD5, CD7, CD8). Cases studied were of the B-cell type. Comparison with morphologic features revealed that Burkitt's lymphomas were monoclonal and expressed B-cell markers (CD10, CD19, CD20, CD22, CD38) and surface immunoglobulins, especially IgM kappa. This immunophenotype is similar to that of large cell or centroblastic non-hodgkin's lymphomas, suggesting that Burkitt lymphomas originate from centrofollicular cells. Immunoblastic non-hodgkin's lymphomas were monotypic or polytypic and expressed CD10 and CD38 antigens but not the other B-cell antigens Furthermore, a very large number of cells stained positively with the Ki67 antibody demonstrating that most lymphoma cells were undergoing cycling.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗