Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J L Arne.
The authors report a 32-year-old Kurd patient who sustained bilateral corneal electrical burn by torture in 1982. A penetrating keratoplasty surgery was performed in 1992. The clinical and histopathological corneal diseases were described.
Seven corneas ranging in age from 20 weeks of gestation to 6 months after birth were studied and changes observed in five layers. The epithelium thickens through the addition of new cellular layers and the enlargement of cells. The way junctional complexes develop with age is described. The way the collagen fibrils in Bowman's layer is arranged changes over time. The layer arrangement and orientation of the stroma's collagen fibrils are described at different stages of development. The keratocytes progressively flatten out and gather together. The thickness of Descemet's membrane increases from 0.6 m at 20 weeks of gestation to 4 m at 6 months. During the prenatal period, the banded layer appears with cross-linking bridges. The nonbanded layer appears after birth. Several changes were found in the endothelium: flattening out of the initially cube-shaped cells and changes in the intercellular junctions that can be seen from 20 weeks of fetal life. At 20 and 25 weeks of gestation, two layers of cells were observed in the corneal midperiphery. The adult structure of the cornea was reached at about 6 months after birth.
Annexin V is a member of the calcium- and phospholipid-binding proteins, known to have an antithrombotic effect. For the first time, we have tested its ability to prevent intraocular postoperative fibrin formation in a standardised rabbit model and compared its effect with that of heparin. Annexin V, 20 micrograms and 60 micrograms, injected in the anterior chamber post-operatively, significantly reduced the area of the fibrin clot and its time to clearing. Annexin V appeared to be as efficient as heparin. It probably acts by preventing phospholipids from playing their role in the coagulation cascade which leads to fibrin formation. Furthermore, annexin V has an anti-inflammatory effect by protecting phospholipids from phospholipase A2 activity. Therefore, annexin V might be considered as a new therapeutic agent acting both on fibrin formation and inflammatory processes.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Systematic ophthalmologic screening of infants in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit is time consuming and sometimes difficult. In this retrospective study of 1200 infants examined in the neonatal unit of Toulouse Regional Hospital from January 88 through December 89, we tried to summarize our findings and assess the value of systematic screening. We found 118 infants with abnormal examination: 58 preterms had retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) (5.16%) with 36 stage I, 15 stage II, 7 stage III (2 stage III+ had cryotherapy), no stage IV. Risk factors are discussed. 40 preretinal hemorrhages, all found in the first week of life. Only 2 of them persisted beyond the 2nd month (0.2%) and we found vascular anomalies that were cryotreated. 20 had various diseases. Diseases requiring early treatment were found in a general context with obvious need of ophthalmologic examination. Our study shows that 4 infants: 2 ROP III+ and 2 retinal hemorrhages or 0.4% of all infants obtained an effective benefit from this systematic screening. We confirmed the value of this screening: all infants in the neonatal care unit have at least one ophthalmologic exam, before they leave the hospital. Preterm less than 1600 g or less than 2000 g with initial resuscitation are checked during first and second month. Preterm less than 1200 g or less than 1600 g who had more than one month of oxygen therapy are checked every month until the 6th month.
An anterior chamber paracentesis was carried out on six patients with candida endophthalmitis and on control subjects. We endeavoured to find out if there was local production of antibodies by evaluating the anti-candida antibody titres, the immunoglobulin G, and the albumin levels in the aqueous humour and in the serum. A significant difference in the level of specific antibodies between patients and controls was found. Local synthesis of anti-candida antibodies was discovered in five out of six patients with candida endophthalmitis. There would seem to be a correlation between the severity of uveitis and antibody titres.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
We studied 11 healthy rabbits and 15 rabbits with experimentally induced Candida endophthalmitis. Using a microbiological procedure, ketoconazole levels were determined 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 h after its oral administration. Ketoconazole penetration was average in the aqueous humour, significant in tears and poor in the vitreous. Vitreous penetration was not detectable in healthy rabbits or in rabbits with chorioretinits exhibiting little or no vitreous reaction. Such penetration was only significant in rabbits exhibiting massive vitreous exudation; however, in such rabbits, penetration was not always observed (only in 2 out of 6 animals). Given these results, the treatment of Candida endophthalmitis in humans using ketoconazole would appear to be of questionable value.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.