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Biomedical subjects

J L Alonso

Publications and source records attributed to J L Alonso.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

The effect of experimental infection with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis on reproduction in adult ewes.

Fifteen ewes were inoculated subcutaneously with 2 x 10(6) cells of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis seven days before mating, during the embryonic stage of gestation and during the fetal stage of gestation. The clinical signs, antibody response and the consequences of the infection on reproduction were studied. None of the ewes showed any change in general condition during pregnancy. The effects of experimental infection during gestation were evident after incubation periods that ranged from 25 to 140 days after inoculation and were dependent on the time of the inoculation in relation to the period of gestation. Ewes inoculated before gestation can resolve infection. Ewes inoculated during the embryonic stage were severely affected and some aborted. In others lambs were stillborn or, if born alive, infected. Ewes inoculated during the fetal stage of gestation did not show reproductive disorders although some remained chronically infected.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1992

Self-limited autoimmune disease related to transient donor B cell activation in mice neonatally injected with semi-allogeneic F1 cells.

BALB/c mice injected at birth with 10(8) semi-allogeneic (C57BL/6 x BALB.IgHb)F1 spleen cells develop a lupus-like syndrome in which autoantibodies bear exclusively the donor allotype. We have analyzed the evolution of donor B cell chimerism and the autoimmune manifestations during the first year of life in these mice. Anti-DNA, -histone, and -cardiolipin IgG antibodies as well as circulating immune complexes appeared in the second week of life, reached the highest values around the sixth week, and then progressively dropped to normal values after the sixth month in most mice. The kinetics of the evolution of the autoimmune manifestations, as well as the kinetics of serum donor Ig allotype, were parallel to the kinetics of donor B cell chimerism, which was particularly prominent in the spleens in early weeks of life, and progressively decreased after remission of the autoimmune syndrome. Membrane-proliferative glomerulonephritis, which was followed as the more representative histological abnormality in this model, was particularly evident after 10 weeks of life, but disappeared by the end of the follow-up. Interestingly, when mice with a self-limited disease were re-injected with 10(8) F1 spleen cells i.v., a flare in the serological manifestations was observed. In these re-injected mice a predominance of anti-DNA, IgG1 antibodies bearing exclusively the donor allotype was also observed, as in the early weeks of life.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Lack of association between fibromyalgia and sleep apnoea syndrome.

To determine whether sleep disorders can cause a fibromyalgia syndrome, 30 patients with sleep apnoea syndrome were studied. All presented an important reduction in deep sleep stages (-93.1 (SD 17.9)% of stage IV and -77.2 (45.7)% of stage III) and frequent episodes of wakening ('arousals'), factors which are involved in fibromyalgia. One patient (3%) met the criteria for fibromyalgia; the estimated prevalence of fibromyalgia for patients attending a general medical clinic is 6%. No significant correlation was found between the number of points which were tender upon pressure and the various sleep parameters studied. It is concluded that sleep disorders alone are not able to produce a fibromyalgia syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The occurrence of Salmonella serotypes in marine recreational waters of Valencia, Spain.

Salmonellae serotypes were studied in order to know their prevalence in marine recreational areas of Valencia. Two hundred eight strains were isolated. The strains belonging to serogroups B, C, D, E and G. The serotyping yielded twenty one different serotypes. The most frequent salmonellae serotypes were S. anatum and S. bredeney. Our results were compared with those reported by other authors in Spain.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Epidemiology of tuberculosis in the Gran Canary Island].

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to obtain information about tuberculosis (TB) in our area that might contribute to assess the status in Spain. METHODS: A meticulous case finding was carried out during 1988 in all the hospitals of the Gran Canaria island. RESULTS: 214 cases were found (rate 32.2) and 77% were admitted to hospitals. In 160 (74%) the involvement was pulmonary and in 82 (37%) it was extrapulmonary. Mean age was 34 years (range 1-84) and 62% were younger than 40 years. 69% were males. Complete data were obtained in 183 cases (85%). 56% were smokers, 34% alcoholic abusers, 15% drug abusers (35% parenteral) and 4% homosexuals. 26% had some risk factor for TB; 14 of them had been infected by the HIV (8 had AIDS). In 64% there was a diagnostic delay longer than one month. Out of the 214 cases, the diagnosis was made by direct microscopy and/or culture in 110 (51%), by consistent pathological findings in 41 (19%), with some of these studies but with negative results in 35 (16%) and only with clinical and radiological criteria in 28 (13%). 96 (60%) of the pulmonary cases had cavitation. The most common therapeutic schedule (84%) was the recommended 9-month regimen. In 54% no recommendation for the investigation of contacts was made. CONCLUSIONS: In the authors' area, the prevalence of TB is higher than in developed countries. It is more common in middle aged individuals, many diagnoses are still made without bacteriologic studies and in a high number of cases investigation of contacts is not carried out.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Down-regulation by tumor necrosis factor-alpha of neutrophil cell surface expression of the sialophorin CD43 and the hyaluronate receptor CD44 through a proteolytic mechanism.

Adhesion of human neutrophils to endothelial cells is a crucial step during migration to the extravascular sites of inflammation. A large number of molecules, including the CD44 and LAM-1 antigens, have been described to participate in this process. We have investigated the regulation by human recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) of human neutrophil plasma membrane expression of both CD44 and LAM-1 adhesion molecules, as well as that of CD43 sialophorin, which has been involved in adhesion and activation of leukocytes. The expression of these three antigens was down-regulated in neutrophils upon TNF-alpha treatment, as determined by immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation experiments. However, the expression of other cell surface molecules, such as CD45 or CD11b, was up-regulated. Similar regulatory effects were also observed upon neutrophil treatment with other activating agents such as the chemoattractant peptide formyl-Met-Leu-Phe, the calcium ionophore A23187, or the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. Protease inhibitors virtually abrogated the TNF-alpha-induced down-regulation of CD43 and CD44 expression, but not that of LAM-1, suggesting the involvement of a protease activity in this process. These results underline the role of TNF-alpha on the differential regulation of cell surface expression of neutrophil adhesion molecules, thus implying modifications in the neutrophil adhesive properties.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1991

Differential effects of tumor necrosis factor on the growth and differentiation of neuroblastoma and glioma cells.

We have studied the effect of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) on transformed neural and glial-derived cell lines. TNF-alpha at physiological doses was able to arrest the growth and inhibit DNA synthesis of N103 neuroblastoma cells. This phenomenon was accompanied by a morphological cell differentiation characterized by the outgrowth of neurites. By contrast, TNF-alpha induced an increase in the growth rate of C6 glioma cells and upon cytokine addition a higher number of C6 cells were found in the S + G2 phase of the cell cycle. C6 cells did not show morphological changes under this treatment. Analogous results were obtained with IFN-gamma. These neurotrophic and mitogenic effects of TNF-alpha suggest a putative role of this cytokine in the regeneration of brain tissue upon brain injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Changes in the number of and indications for laparoscopy at a general hospital from 1979 to 1989].

Laparoscopic examinations done during 1979-1989 have been reviewed. From 214 examinations done during the first year of the review, the number of laparoscopies has been steadily declining to 7 examinations in 1989. Indications have also changed during this decade. Laparoscopy does not any more belong to the first choice examinations for diagnosis. Its usefulness is restricted to highly selected individual cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Synergy of tumor necrosis factor with protein kinase C activators on T cell activation.

The ability of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha to activate T lymphocytes in combination with other stimuli has been studied. TNF was strongly co-mitogenic with low doses of anti-CD3 antibodies or phorbol esters (those which are strong activators of protein kinase C, PKC) but poorly with phytohemagglutinin or concanavalin A. No synergism was seen with the calcium ionophore A23187. TNF was co-mitogenic with several phorbol esters known to activate PKC but was uneffective with inactive phorbol esters such as methyl-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. Furthermore, H-7 a known inhibitor of PKC, inhibited the proliferative response of T cells induced by esters plus TNF. This effect took place at low doses of TNF and was also observed with purified T lymphocytes indicating that the effect of TNF was not dependent on accessory cells. This proliferative effect of TNF was inhibited by an anti-interleukin 2 receptor (IL2R) antibody, MAR 108, which blocks IL2 binding to its receptor. Although PKC activation induced CD25 (IL2R) expression but very little IL2 synthesis, TNF did not synergize by augmenting the synthesis of this lymphokine in peripheral blood lymphocytes stimulated with phorbol esters. By contrast, TNF strongly increased the membrane level of CD25 and to a lesser extent that of the activation antigen, 4F2, over the levels already induced by phorbol esters on T cells. More interestingly, TNF significantly increased the number of high-affinity IL2R on purified T cells in the presence of phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate. Our results indicate that TNF is co-mitogenic with those stimuli which strongly activate PKC and suggest that TNF may play a role on T cell activation increasing the number of effective IL2/IL2R interactions when these are limiting.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1990

[Electromyographic recording of the Strümpell phenomenon applied to pyramidal syndrome diagnosis].

After some years of empirical observation which pointed to the possibility of using the Strümpell phenomenon (SPh) electromyographic register (EMG) as a helpful tool in pyramidal syndrome diagnosis, the author began to study the SPh systematically, from March 1987 on, during the EMG examination of the anterior tibial muscles. The EMG was always effected with a needle concentric electrode and a calibration of 0.05 to 0.2mV and 1s per division. The patient, lying on the back, is asked to slowly and completely stretch his thigh, and a positive SPh displays an EMG which shows involuntary tonic contractions of growing amplitude on the anterior tibial muscle during its extension. In order to establish an EMG systematic schedule of this synkinesia and to be able to evaluate its relevance for pyramidal syndrome diagnosis, the author revised all 579 EMG registers he had established from March-1987 on. 26 reports (4.49%) belonged to SPh-positive patients, and it was possible to detect or to confirm that they presented a pyramidal syndrome. 20 patients of similar age who showed no pyramidal sign presented EMG silence (90%) or some clonic contractions (10%) on the tibial muscle during SPh research. The author suggests, therefore, the inclusion of SPh research into the conventional EMG examination of the anterior tibial muscles, specially in cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and in cases presenting myeloradicular or spinal cord syndromes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Effectiveness of emergency endoscopic sclerosis in the control of digestive hemorrhage caused by gastroduodenal ulcer].

An investigation was made of the effect of emergency endoscopic sclerotherapy on the evaluation of digestive hemorrhage (HDA) secondary to gastroduodenal ulcer disease in two consecutive groups of patients. The control group included 92 patients and the sclerotherapy group contained 63. Both groups had the same management and basic treatment of hemodynamic stabilization, anti-H2 agents and alkaline . The sclerotherapy group also received a local injection of 1/10,000 (5-12 ml) adrenaline and 1% polydocanol (5-12 ml) if direct signs of hemorrhage (active bleeding, red clot, visible vessel) were seen at the time of early endoscopy. Surgery was indicated in the presence of persistent, recurrent or massive digestive hemorrhage. Thirty-two percent of the control group and 34% of the sclerosis group presented direct signs of hemorrhage at the time of endoscopy. Both groups were homogeneous with respect to sex distribution, NSAID intake, hemoglobin, presence of shock and etiology (33.3% and 36.3%, respectively, had duodenal ulcer). The average age was significantly higher in the control group than in the sclerotherapy group. Neither the presence of any endoscopic sign nor etiology contributed to the evolution of digestive bleeding. It is concluded that emergency endoscopic sclerotherapy with injection of adrenaline and polydocanol has a clearly favorable effect on the evolution of bleeding secondary to gastrointestinal ulcer disease evidencing direct signs on endoscopy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Two membrane filter media (mADA/0129 and mSA/0129 agars) for enumeration of motile Aeromonas in seawater.

Sewage-contaminated natural seawater was analysed for the presence of motile Aeromonas by two membrane filtration procedures. Incubation of membranes on two modified media (mADA (0/129) and mSA (0/129) were compared. The specificity of the two media was high, 95.8% on mADA (0/129) and 94.8% on mSA (0129). The most frequent species identified were A. caviae, followed by A. hydrophila and A. sobria. Motile Aeromonas counts were high in both media (greater than 10(4)/100 ml) and no significant differences were observed between them. The two membrane filtration procedures allowed rapid quantitative recovery of motile Aeromonas from seawater in the presence of very large numbers of competing microflora.

Aeromonas↗