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J Kumazawa

Publications and source records attributed to J Kumazawa.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

A flow cytometric analysis of the expression of adhesion molecules on human renal cell carcinoma cells with different metastatic potentials.

OBJECTIVES: We investigated the relationship between the metastatic potential and the surface expression of adhesion molecules on human renal cell carcinoma (HRCC) cells. METHODS: The metastatic potential was studied by the intravenous injection of cells from an HRCC cell line SN12C parent and its variants, SN12C-MM3, SN12C-clone2 and SN12C-clone8 into athymic Balb/c nude mice. The surface expression of adhesion molecules on these four HRCC cell lines was studied by a flow cytometric analysis. RESULTS: Of the four cell lines, SN12C-MM3 had the highest ability to produce pulmonary metastatic nodules. In contrast, the SN12C parent, SN12C-clone2 and SN12C-clone8 produced either few or no pulmonary metastatic nodules. A flow cytometric analysis revealed that SN12C-MM3 showed a strong expression of sialyl Lewis X (sialyl Le(x)) carbohydrate antigen and a slightly stronger expression of CD11a (LFA-1 alpha-chain) and CD54 (ICAM-1) compared with the other three cell lines. All cell lines expressed CD29 (beta 1-integrin) and CD44 to the same extent. CONCLUSION: Sialyl Le(x) is thought to be a ligand for the adhesion molecule called ELAM-1 (endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule-1, E-selectin) and mediates the interaction of leukocytes or tumor cells to endothelial cells, followed by the integrin-mediated adhesion. These data suggest that SN12C-MM3 cells may have more of a chance to adhere to endothelial cells in blood vessels and consequently shows a higher metastatic potential when injected intravenously in comparison to the other three lines.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Enhanced expression of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and glutathione S-transferase genes in cisplatin-resistant bladder cancer cells with multidrug resistance phenotype.

PURPOSE: To elucidate the mechanisms of cisplatin resistance in human bladder cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After continuous exposure of KK47 cells to cisplatin, two resistant sublines, KK47/DDP10 and KK47/DDP20 were established. The glutathione content, glutathione S-transferase activity, and intracellular platinum concentration were measured while the expression of various drug resistance-related genes was examined. RESULTS: KK47/DDP10 and KK47/DDP20 were respectively 9.3- and 18.7-fold more resistant to cisplatin than KK47, and also showed multidrug resistance. Decreased intracellular drug accumulation, increased glutathione content, elevated glutathione S-transferase activity, and an overexpression of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and glutathione S-transferase pi genes were observed in the resistant sublines. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple mechanisms, including decreased drug accumulation, increased intracellular glutathione and glutathione S-transferase pi, may contribute to the acquisition of cisplatin resistance in human bladder cancer.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1997

p53 mutations in multiple urothelial carcinomas: a molecular analysis of the development of multiple carcinomas.

The purpose of this study is to assess whether the development of synchronous and/or metachronous multifocal urothelial cancers is due to field defect, intraluminal seeding and implantation, or both. We used a series of 42 cases of multiple urothelial cancers. We performed polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphism, DNA sequencing, and immunohistochemical studies on p53 gene mutations in 84 multiple urothelial carcinomas (78 urinary bladder carcinomas and 6 ureteric or renal pelvic carcinomas) from 42 patients. p53 Mutations were detected in 42 (50%) of 84 cancerous tumors from 22 (52%) of the 42 patients and were strongly related to the tumor grade but not to the tumor stage. Nine patients had identical mutations with or without additional mutations in the multiple carcinomas, which suggests that the carcinomas had a common origin. Eleven patients, however, had discordant mutations, and two patients had a mutation in one tumor but not in another, a fact that strongly suggests independent origin. Double mutations were observed in 9 (21%) of 42 patients; in these types of mutation, transitions were clearly more frequent than transversions, a difference from previously reported spectra of urothelial carcinomas. The data indicate that multiple urothelial carcinomas seem to be either common or of independent origin. In addition, the different p53 mutational spectra in this series might reflect the presence of other possible mutagens in carcinogenesis of multiple urothelial carcinomas.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Evaluation of urinary NMP22 (nuclear matrix protein 22) as a diagnostic marker for urothelial cancer--NMP22 as a urinary marker for surveillance of bladder cancer. NMP22 Study Group].

This study was undertaken to determine the clinical usefulness of NMP22 (Nuclear Matrix Protein 22) as a urinary marker for the surveillance of bladder cancer, especially in comparison with that of voided urine cytology. Urinary NMP22 values were determined for 144 patients with histologically diagnosed bladder cancer, 65 patients with other urological cancers, and 171 healthy volunteers by use of a UNMP22 Test kit, which is based on an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All bladder cancer patients were evaluated for urinary NMP22 values and voided urine cytology simultaneously from the same urine samples. Based on the data from the bladder cancer patients and the healthy volunteers, the cut-off value was set at 12 U/ml. The median urinary NMP22 value for the bladder cancer patients was 17.8 U/ml (95% CI: 13.1-29.0). The sensitivities of urinary NMP22 and voided urine cytology were 61.1% (88/144) and 33.8% (48/144), respectively, a significant difference (p < 0.00001). Multivariate analysis revealed that tumor size affected the urinary NMP22 values. The positive rate by tumor size was 42.3%, 59.1%, and 85.0% for tumors of < 10 mm, 10-30 mm, and > 30 mm, respectively. Urinary NMP22 values decreased postoperatively in 82.9% of the patients. The median NMP22 values for prostate cancer and renal cancer were 4.4 U/ml (95% CI: 2.2-6.7) and 6.2 U/ml (95% CI: 3.6-12.5). The positive rates were 24.2% and 31.3%, respectively, both of which were significantly lower than for bladder cancer. Our multicenter study indicates that urinary NMP22 test is more sensitive than voided urine cytology test for the surveillance of bladder cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Evaluation of urinary NMP22 (nuclear matrix protein 22) as a diagnostic marker for urothelial cancer--screening for urothelial cancer in patients with microscopic hematuria. NMP Study Group].

This study was undertaken to determine the clinical usefulness of NMP22 (Nuclear Matrix Protein 22) as a urinary marker for the screening of urothelial cancer in patients with microscopic hematuria, especially in comparison with that of voided urine cytology. Urinary NMP22 values were determined for 183 patients with microscopic hematuria by use of a UNMP22 Test kit, which is based on an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All patients were entered in this study before cystoscopy was performed, and were evaluated for NMP22 values and voided urine cytology simultaneously from the same urine samples. Of the 183 patients with microscopic hematuria, 14 cases of urothelial cancer were detected. For the other cases, 65 were of benign diseases and 104 were designated NED (No Evidence of Disease). The median NMP22 values for urothelial cancer, benign diseases, and NED were 26.5 U/ml (95% CI: 18.5-228.2; 4.9 U/ml (95% CI: 3.6-8.3), and 5.9 U/ml (95% CI: 4.8-6.5), respectively. The urinary NMP22 value for urothelial cancer was significantly higher than for benign diseases and NED. When the cut-off value of urinary NMP22 was set at 12 U/ml, the positive rate of NMP22 for urothelial cancer was 85.7%, significantly higher than the 50% positive rate by voided urine cytology. This study indicates that urinary NMP22 is a useful tool for the screening of urothelial cancer in patients with microscopic hematuria.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Rickettsiosis].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Role of the transversus perinei profundus muscle on voiding: the meaning of UPmax in patients with paralyzed urethral sphincter.

Urodynamic study of 66 patients with caudal injury and of 7 patients who underwent saddle block was evaluated by putting emphasis on the maximal pressure of the urethra (UPmax). The static pressure of 49.7 +/- 10.8 cm H2O in the membranous urethra of the patients with completely paralyzed sphincter raised the question that some active muscle that functions to open the membranous urethra must have been working during physiological urination. Urodynamic findings of detrusor sphincter relationship, monitored by pressure and electromyogram (EMG) measurement, suggested that the combined reflections of the pelvic floor muscle and urethral sphincter are present. We concluded that this would be induced by the transversus perinei profundus muscle contraction and the urodynamic interpretation would be re-integrated on the role of this muscle on active urethral opening mechanism.

Anesthesia, Obstetrical↗
PubMed1996

The effect of methylprednisolone on platinum kinetics and urinary enzyme excretion following intravenous cisplatin in vivo and on the growth inhibition of LLC-PK1 cells by cisplatin in vitro.

In order to evaluate the mechanism of the protective action of methylprednisolone against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, platinum kinetics and urinary enzyme excretion following intravenous cisplatin, with or without methylprednisolone, were studied in vivo. The growth inhibition of LLC-PK1 cells by cisplatin in the presence or absence of methylprednisolone was studied in vitro. Rats intravenously injected with cisplatin combined with subcutaneous methylprednisolone 4 h prior to the cisplatin injection excreted more platinum in urine than rats treated with cisplatin alone. Both plasma and kidney platinum concentrations in rats injected with both cisplatin and methylprednisolone were significantly lower than those in rats given cisplatin alone at 4 h after cisplatin injection. However, there was no significant difference in urinary excretion of lactate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase or N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase between methylprednisolone-treated rats and control rats. Methylprednisolone did not affect the inhibitory effects of cisplatin on the cell growth of LLC-PK1. These findings indicate that methylprednisolone-induced increase in urinary platinum excretion, accompanied by a decrease in plasma and kidney platinum concentrations following cisplatin injection in rats, may be one of the mechanisms responsible for the protective action of methylprednisolone.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1996

Estimate criteria for diagnosis and severity in benign prostatic hyperplasia.

BACKGROUND: Standard severity criteria for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are needed to facilitate clinical and epidemiologic investigations in the common terminology. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 692 BPH patients from 8 institutions were judged by specialized physicians for their overall disease severity and severity in 4 domains: symptom, function, anatomy, and quality of life (QOL). The items measuring severity in these 4 domains were the International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS) questionnaire, uroflowmetry, transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS), and questionnaires on bother and I-PSS QOL index, respectively. By Spearman's rank correlation and multiple regression analysis using physicians' judgement as the criterion variable (gold standard) the items and their cut-off levels were selected so that high predictivity, practicality and clinical significance were maintained, while the number of items in use was minimized. RESULTS: The item(s) and their ranges of values for each severity grade were summarized as follows; the evaluation domain (the selected item(s): range of mild, moderate, severe): symptom (I-PSS: 0-7, 8-19, 20-35), function (maximum flow rate and residual urine volume: > or = 15 mL/s and < 50 mL, > or = 5 mL/s and < 100 mL, < 5 mL/s or > or = 100 mL), anatomy (prostate volume on TRUS: < 20 mL, < 50 mL, > or = 50 mL), QOL (QOL index: 0 and 1, 2 to 4, 5 and 6). The overall severity was efficiently predicted when defined according to the combinations of severity grades of the 4 domains. These criteria predicted physicians' judgement with accuracy of about 80% for overall severity and severity of individual domains. CONCLUSION: The proposed criteria are valid, practical, and would be useful for the common scale of the BPH severity in clinical and epidemiologic studies.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

Estimate criteria for efficacy of treatment in benign prostatic hyperplasia.

BACKGROUND: Various treatment modalities for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) have emerged and are now in use or await evaluation of clinical usefulness. It is difficult, however, to compare their efficacies on a single scale, because standardized criteria for therapeutic efficacy of BPH treatments have not been established. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 692 BPH patients from 8 institutions in Japan received various treatments, and were judged by specialized physicians for overall efficacy, and for efficacy in 4 domains: symptom, function, anatomy, and quality of life (QOL). Efficacy of treatment was graded as excellent, good, fair or poor, and assessed using items based on conventional clinical measurements. These items included 1) the difference (post-pretreatment value), 2) relative ratio (post/pre) and, 3) the individual values of pre- or posttreatment measurements. The cut off levels for each grade were heuristically selected by Spearman's rank correlation and multiple regression analysis so that the results accurately predicted physicians' judgement, while the feasibility was maintained. RESULTS: The results for each efficacy grade (range of excellent, range of good, range of fair, range of poor) were summarized as follows: Symptom: (post/pre treatment ratio of I-PSS) < or = 0.25, < or = 0.5, < or = 0.75, > 0.75. Function: (post-pre of Qmax) > or = 10 mL/s, > or = 5 mL/s, > or = 0.25 mL/s, < 0.25 mL/s. Anatomy: (post/pre ratio of prostate volume) < or = 0.5, < or = 0.75, < or = 0.9, > 0.9. QOL: (pre-post of QOL index) > or = 4, 3, 2 and 1, < or = 0. The overall efficacy grade was defined as the median of efficacy grades of 3 domains: symptom, function and QOL. The agreement rates between the criteria and physicians' judgement on the dichotomous efficacy (either excellent plus good, or fair plus poor) were approximately 80% in individual domains and overall estimate, and consistent among various treatments. CONCLUSION: The proposed criteria are fairly accurate, simple, and practical, and thus may be useful as a standard method for assessing the clinical efficacy of BPH treatments.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1996

The protective effect of methylprednisolone against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in patients with urothelial tumors.

BACKGROUND: Many attempts have been made to reduce the nephrotoxicity of the anticancer agent cisplatin but the number of clinically useful modalities is very limited. Our previous experiments demonstrated that in rats methylprednisolone significantly reduces the nephrotoxicity caused by cisplatin. The present clinical study was conducted to confirm the protective effects of methylprednisolone against cisplatin nephrotoxicity. METHODS: Fourteen patients with urothelial tumors were injected with cisplatin according to the methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin, cisplatin (MVAC) therapy. Methylprednisolone was not administered during the first course of chemotherapy to provide a control, but was given in a dose of 2000 mg 2-3 hours before cisplatin during the second course of chemotherapy (treatment period) in each patient. Urinary excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGTP), serum creatinine, and creatinine clearance (Ccr) were determined as indicators of the nephrotoxicity of cisplatin. Results were statistically analyzed by a paired t test to compare the nephrotoxic effects of cisplatin during the first course of chemotherapy (control period) with those during the second course of chemotherapy (treatment period). RESULTS: Methylprednisolone did not significantly inhibit the elevation in urinary enzyme excretion or serum creatinine levels following the cisplatin injection. However, the Ccr level after cisplatin infusion in the treatment period was significantly higher than that observed in the control period. CONCLUSION: The protective effects of methylprednisolone against cisplatin nephrotoxicity were indicated in this prospective clinical study.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1996

Production of chitinase and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase by intestinal bacteria of Pinnipedian animals.

The chitinase- and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase(GlcNAcase)-producing ability of intestinal bacteria from Pinnipedian animals was determined using fluorogenic 4-methylumbelliferone glycosides of N-acetylglucosamine oligosaccharides. Intestinal microflora of a single Cape fur seal, three California sea lions and three South American sea lions were characterized by a predominance of isolates of the Bacteroidaceae and Enterobacteriaceae families and the genus Clostridium. Of the 711 isolates tested 26.0, 10.0 and 8.7% could hydrolyse 4-MU(GlcNAc)1, 4-MU(GlcNAc)2 and 4-MU(GlcNAc)3, respectively. This result suggests that beta-GlcNAcase producers occur at a higher density than do chitinase producers. Moreover, beta-GlcNAcase, and to a lesser degree, chitinase seem to be efficiently produced by facultative anaerobes in the Cape fur seal and the California sea lion, and by both facultative and obligated anaerobes in the South American sea lion. To our knowledge, this is the first paper to report that isolates of the family Bacteroidaceae and the genus Streptococcus produce chitinase and/or beta-GlcNAcase.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗